Influência da incorporação de vitamina C à dieta no desempenho produtivo de rãs-touro Lithobates catesbeianus pós-metamorfoseadas

The experiment was developed in Marta Farm, Tremembe city, located in the State of São Paulo - Brazil, using a frogculture commercial project. The aim of this study was evaluate the performance (growth, survival and feed conversion) of bullfrogs Lithobates catesbeianus, post-metamorphosed fed with diets containing different amounts of vitamin C and your performance with the temperature. The animals were kept in 24 boxes of (2.0 x 1.0 m) with an initial density of 50 animals per square meter. We tested the following levels of supplementation in the diet: 0, 250, 500, 750, 1,000 and 2,000 mg vitamin C kg(-1) of diet. The experimental design was completely randomized with six treatments and four replicates. The parameters evaluated were: feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion and survival tax. The animals were weighed at the beginning of the experiment and every 30 days and recorded daily to room temperature. The percentage of food intake decreased with the growth of the frogs, from 3.85 to 1.2% of the live weight, and the mean of temperature decreased from 28 to 20.1 degrees C. It was concluded that there was no influence of vitamin C on the performance (growth, survival and feed conversion) of bullfrogs in the growing stage.

A influência do modelo de triplice hélice no grau de maturidade de inovação: um estudo de caso em empresas participantes do projeto PRÓ-INOVA/NAGI no estado do RIO GRANDE DO NORTE

Public investments in the development of innovation in the country, either through the rigging of public universities, either through public announcements of the promotion, increased dramatically in recent years. To analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of the use of public resources is especially in times of austerity, essential for the development of a country. In this context, this research aims to identify the influence of public investments to promote innovation in the degree of maturity of innovative companies in the state of the RN. Another goal is to identify the regional influence from the installation site - capital or countryside, in the performance of the companies studied in the degree of innovation. The theoretical basis of the understanding of the scope of the concept of innovation and its determination for the purposes of this study. Typology, degree of innovation, evaluation methodologies and mechanisms to support innovation : Still on the theme of innovation additional concepts that help the reader to a greater understanding, such as are presented. Following is approached conceptualization of the triple helix, highlighting the concepts advocated by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff, Salomon and Silva and Ipiranga, Freitas and Paiva, among others. With regard to methodological aspects, we propose a descriptive, exploratory and explanatory research quantitative and qualitative approach with the target audience group of companies served by INOVA PRO- NAGI design - multi-institutional action from a public resource called FINEP promotes the development of innovative companies in the State of Rio Grande do Norte - in 2013. The research should provide reflection and understanding of the influence of public investment in innovation, which by means of qualitative predictive variables associated with quantitative method to explain which variables are significant variations in the degree of maturity of enterprises studied

A influência da gestão do conhecimento nas companhias brasileiras com melhor governança corporativa: uma análise nas empresas classificadas pelo Investor Relations Global Rankings

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Uso de técnicas de otimização baseadas em derivadas como suporte do planejamento operacional de redes de distribuição de energia elétrica

The usual programs for load flow calculation were in general developped aiming the simulation of electric energy transmission, subtransmission and distribution systems. However, the mathematical methods and algorithms used by the formulations were based, in majority, just on the characteristics of the transmittion systems, which were the main concern focus of engineers and researchers. Though, the physical characteristics of these systems are quite different from the distribution ones. In the transmission systems, the voltage levels are high and the lines are generally very long. These aspects contribute the capacitive and inductive effects that appear in the system to have a considerable influence in the values of the interest quantities, reason why they should be taken into consideration. Still in the transmission systems, the loads have a macro nature, as for example, cities, neiborhoods, or big industries. These loads are, generally, practically balanced, what reduces the necessity of utilization of three-phase methodology for the load flow calculation. Distribution systems, on the other hand, present different characteristics: the voltage levels are small in comparison to the transmission ones. This almost annul the capacitive effects of the lines. The loads are, in this case, transformers, in whose secondaries are connected small consumers, in a sort of times, mono-phase ones, so that the probability of finding an unbalanced circuit is high. This way, the utilization of three-phase methodologies assumes an important dimension. Besides, equipments like voltage regulators, that use simultaneously the concepts of phase and line voltage in their functioning, need a three-phase methodology, in order to allow the simulation of their real behavior. For the exposed reasons, initially was developped, in the scope of this work, a method for three-phase load flow calculation in order to simulate the steady-state behaviour of distribution systems. Aiming to achieve this goal, the Power Summation Algorithm was used, as a base for developing the three phase method. This algorithm was already widely tested and approved by researchers and engineers in the simulation of radial electric energy distribution systems, mainly for single-phase representation. By our formulation, lines are modeled in three-phase circuits, considering the magnetic coupling between the phases; but the earth effect is considered through the Carson reduction. It s important to point out that, in spite of the loads being normally connected to the transformer s secondaries, was considered the hypothesis of existence of star or delta loads connected to the primary circuit. To perform the simulation of voltage regulators, a new model was utilized, allowing the simulation of various types of configurations, according to their real functioning. Finally, was considered the possibility of representation of switches with current measuring in various points of the feeder. The loads are adjusted during the iteractive process, in order to match the current in each switch, converging to the measured value specified by the input data. In a second stage of the work, sensibility parameters were derived taking as base the described load flow, with the objective of suporting further optimization processes. This parameters are found by calculating of the partial derivatives of a variable in respect to another, in general, voltages, losses and reactive powers. After describing the calculation of the sensibility parameters, the Gradient Method was presented, using these parameters to optimize an objective function, that will be defined for each type of study. The first one refers to the reduction of technical losses in a medium voltage feeder, through the installation of capacitor banks; the second one refers to the problem of correction of voltage profile, through the instalation of capacitor banks or voltage regulators. In case of the losses reduction will be considered, as objective function, the sum of the losses in all the parts of the system. To the correction of the voltage profile, the objective function will be the sum of the square voltage deviations in each node, in respect to the rated voltage. In the end of the work, results of application of the described methods in some feeders are presented, aiming to give insight about their performance and acuity

Análise dos Modos Ressonantes em Antenas de Microfita sobre Substratos Iso/Anisotrópicos por Técnicas da Ressonância Transversa

Neste trabalho, são utilizadas a Técnica da Ressonância Transversa (TRT) e a Técnica da Ressonância Transversa Modificada (MTRT), para a determinação das freqüências dos modos ressonantes de antenas de microfita com patch quadrado, retangular e circular e com substratos isotrópicos e anisotrópicos. Para isso, é proposto um modelo da cavidade equivalente, onde a antena tipo patch retangular é representada como sendo a superposição de duas linhas infinitas em microfita, uma de largura W, representando a dimensão que expressa a largura do patch, e a outra com largura L, representando a dimensão que expressa o comprimento do patch. A avaliação da eficiência e aplicabilidade dos métodos citados é realizada comparando-se com resultados experimentais e obtidos através de outras técnicas. Três situações serão verificadas: estruturas com substrato infinito, estrutura com substrato tipo pedestal e estruturas com substrato truncado além dos limites da fita metálica. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que as técnicas de análise de onda completa utilizadas neste trabalho, por um formalismo matemático mais rigoroso, são eficientes e precisas tanto na aplicação em estruturas com substrato isotrópico como nas que possuem substrato anisotrópico. Inicialmente são consideradas apenas as estruturas com substratos isotrópicos, com diferentes constantes dielétricas, e é avaliada a influência da largura do substrato sobre as freqüências dos modos ressonantes das antenas. Posteriormente, a análise do truncamento do dielétrico é realizada para estruturas com substrato anisotrópico. Em todos os casos, os resultados experimentais, obtidos a partir da construção de protótipos, são confrontados com os obtidos a partir de simulação, utilizando as técnicas TRT e MTRT. No final, as técnicas descritas são utilizadas para antenas tipo patch circular, sendo utilizada uma técnica de equivalência para transformar a antena circular em outra quadrada ou retangular equivalente, dependendo do modo que se queira encontrar. Os resultados obtidos são então analisados, observando-se uma boa concordância e indicando a viabilidade do método. Após isso, são apresentadas as conclusões e sugeridos alguns temas para a continuidade deste trabalho

Influência do nitrogênio degradável no rúmen sobre a degradabilidade in situ, os parâmetros ruminais e a eficiência de síntese microbiana em novilhos alimentados com cana-de-açúcar

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A Influência da observabilidade e da visualização radial no projeto de sistemas de monitoramento de redes de computadores

Este trabalho apresenta um levantamento dos problemas associados à influência da observabilidade e da visualização radial no projeto de sistemas de monitoramento para redes de grande magnitude e complexidade. Além disso, se propõe a apresentar soluções para parte desses problemas. Através da utilização da Teoria de Redes Complexas, são abordadas duas questões: (i) a localização e a quantidade de nós necessários para garantir uma aquisição de dados capaz de representar o estado da rede de forma efetiva e (ii) a elaboração de um modelo de visualização das informações da rede capaz de ampliar a capacidade de inferência e de entendimento de suas propriedades. A tese estabelece limites teóricos a estas questões e apresenta um estudo sobre a complexidade do monitoramento eficaz, eficiente e escalável de redes

Influência da densidade básica da madeira de clones de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla na qualidade da polpa branqueada.

The study analyzed the wood basic density effect in two Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla hybrid clones (440 kg/m(3) e 508 kg/m(3)) on bleached pulp quality (fiber dimensions and physical-mechanical properties). The woods performance on pulping, bleaching and beating results were analyzed. The Kraft pulping was carried out in forced circulation digester in order to obtain 17 +/- 1 kappa number targets. The pulps were bleached to 90 +/- 1 using delignification oxygen and D0EOPD1 bleaching sequence. Bleached pulp of low basic density clone showed, significantly, lowest revolutions number in the PFI mill to reach tensile index of 70 N.m/g, low Schopper Riegler degree and generated sheets with higher values to bulk and opacity. These characteristics and properties allow concluding that bleached pulp of low basic density clone was the most indicated to produce printing and writing sheets. The bleached pulp of high basic density clone showed higher values of bulk and capillarity Klemm and lower water retention value when analyzed without beating. The bleached pulp of high basic density clone showed more favorable characteristics to the production of tissue papers.

Influência do relevo na produtividade e custos do harvester

Among the several variables that influence timber harvesting is the slope, which influences the productivity of forest machines. In this experiment the harvester was evaluated technically and economically while cutting and processing eucalyptus activity on different slope classes. The technical analysis included a study of time and movements by the method of continuous time; productivity was determined by the volume in cubic meters of wood processing. The economic analysis included the parameters of operational cost, production cost and energy consumption. The analysis of the data showed that productivity decreased according to the increase of the percent slope inclination, resulting in an effective work hour productivity increase from 18.72 to 39.71 m(3)sc, with a mean of operating cost of US$ 78.78 per work hour.

Bem-estar animal no manejo pré-abate e a influência na qualidade da carne suína e nos parâmetros fisilógicos do estresse

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise de linhas de fita não-homogêneas com camadas dielétricas anisotrópicas

Abstract

Influência de pontas de pulverização e adjuvantes na deriva em caldas com glyphosate

O uso inadequado da tecnologia de aplicação de agrotóxicos, relacionados ao uso de pontas de pulverização e adição de adjuvantes, resulta diretamente em um maior risco de deriva. Objetivou-se como trabalho quantificar a deriva gerada por pontas de pulverização com e sem indução de ar, em aplicações de glyphosate e adjuvantes. O experimento foi realizado em túnel de vento, com o herbicida glyphosate isolado ou em mistura com ureia ou adjuvante redutor de deriva (LI700). As coletas foram realizadas, com fios de polietileno, nas distâncias de 5,0; 10,0 e 15,0 m em relação à barra e nas alturas de 0,2; 0,4; 0,6; 0,8 e 1,0 m em relação ao piso do túnel, a deriva foi aferida por meio do processo de condutividade elétrica. Os resultados apresentaram maior deriva nas menores alturas, tendo igual comportamento para todas as caldas e em todas as distâncias. A ponta de jato plano com indução de ar (AVI 110-015) proporcionou menor deriva em relação à ponta jato plano padrão (AXI 110-015), para todas as caldas avaliadas. Para a ponta de jato plano padrão o acréscimo de adjuvante reduziu a deriva para as três distâncias avaliadas em relação à calda contendo somente o herbicida. Já para a ponta de jato plano com indução de ar a ureia elevou a deriva para todas as distâncias em relação às outras caldas. A ureia pode ser utilizada em aplicações com o modelo de ponta jato plano padrão, por diminuir os riscos de deriva.

Localização de faltas em linhas de transmissão de múltiplos terminais a partir de registros oscilográficos sincronizados via transformada wavelet

The electric energy is essential to the development of modern society and its increasing demand in recent years, effect from population and economic growth, becomes the companies more interested in the quality and continuity of supply, factors regulated by ANEEL (Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica). These factors must be attended when a permanent fault occurs in the system, where the defect location that caused the power interruption should be identified quickly, which is not a simple assignment because the current systems complexity. An example of this occurs in multiple terminals transmission lines, which interconnect existing circuits to feed the demand. These transmission lines have been adopted as a feasible solution to suply loads of magnitudes that do not justify economically the construction of new substations. This paper presents a fault location algorithm for multiple terminals transmission lines - two and three terminals. The location method is based on the use of voltage and current fundamental phasors, as well as the representation of the line through its series impedance. The wavelet transform is an effective mathematical tool in signals analysis with discontinuities and, therefore, is used to synchronize voltage and current data. The Fourier transform is another tool used in this work for extract voltage and current fundamental phasors. Tests to validate the location algorithm applicability used data from faulty signals simulated in ATP (Alternative Transients Program) as well as real data obtained from oscillographic recorders installed on CHESF s lines.

Influência da altura das garras dos pneus de um trator em área de plantio direto

This work was carried out to evaluate the performance of a farm tractor fitted with two sets of tires with high lugs and another set of tires with tallow lugs in straw without tillage (corn straw). The travel speeds used were approximately 4, 5, 6 and 7 km h(-1) and a constant pulling force of 25 kN was fixed. Tractor traction, forward speed, slip and consumption of fuel were measured and drawbar power, the ratio between the consumption and power and traction coefficient were calculated. It was observed that the tractor performance was similar to high and low lug tire conditions, in an area covered with corn straw.

Influência da chuva após aplicação de imazamox sobre o controle de plantas daninhas aquáticas

This study aimed to evaluate the imazamox control efficiency on aquatic plants under different intervals of simulated rain after its spraying. The experiment was carried out in completely random design with four replications. The imazamox at 290.4 g ha(-1) was tested on three aquatic weed species, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Pistia stratiotes L. and Salvinia adnata Desv and, under eight different rain-free periods (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 hours). Rainfall was simulated using a sprinkler irrigation system (20mm). There was a good control of Eichhornia crassipes, regardless of periods without rain after herbicide spraying. However, Pistia stratiotes took a rain-free period of at least eight hours to obtain an effective control. In Salvinia adnata, whole rain-free periods affected the control provided by the herbicide.