UMA EXPERIÊNCIA EDUCACIONAL A PARTIR DA METODOLOGIA NEPSO: APONTANDO LIMITES E POSSIBILIDADES.

Nesta pesquisa de dissertação de mestrado, priorizamos valorizar ações educativas participativas, nas quais tanto educador como educando aprendem e ensinam simultaneamente, por meio do diálogo, da reflexão em grupo, do exercício da criatividade, buscando enxergar relações de trabalho que envolvam a participação de agentes ou atores e demais coadjuvantes, que representam a realidade circundante. Essa pesquisa pode ser caracterizada como pesquisa de pesquisa. Num procedimento de recuperação dos dados da pesquisa NEPSO de número 516, que teve por tema "A comunidade e a escola", realizada por uma escola pública municipal de Mauá no ano de 2007, foram extraídos indicadores que escoraram a reflexão desenvolvida sobre os limites e possibilidades do uso da pesquisa de opinião na melhoria da qualidade social da escola. A partir dessa recuperação de dados que manifestaram a opinião da comunidade sobre a escola, conhecemos as expectativas desta sobre educação escolar e verificamos em que medida a escola fez uso dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa NEPSO de número 516. As entrevistas foram organizadas e aplicadas pelo grupo de alunos, alunas e professores da escola, que, nesse processo, voltaram sua atenção para conhecer a cultura do seu entorno, com o fim de produzir matéria para o jornal da escola. Os objetivos desta pesquisa acadêmica assentaram na necessidade de recuperar o que pensa a comunidade sobre a escola que vive no seu entorno e extrair dessas manifestações, indicadores que possam contribuir para uma ação educativa de sensibilidade solidária efetiva, favorecendo o relacionamento e a capacidade de bem viver, entre a escola e todos e todas que estão diretamente ligados a ela, de forma que a escola possa desempenhar seu papel com qualidade social.

A crise de legitimidade na democracia representativa e o desatendimento aos direitos fundamentais: um enfoque participativo-educacional

This study aims to bring reflection on the legitimacy crisis of the Brazilian representative democracy, which results in non-attendance of fundamental rights, regarding legal and social facts in light of the existing constitutional order and seeking solutions in more democratic procedures and in a more humane, critical, democratic and collaborative education. It has been an issue for some time the understanding that the authorities do not meet the basic needs of Brazilian citizens - the only way to make them autonomous and sufficiently able to conduct their lives in a competitive and globalized labor market. Such situation only worsened - as illustrated by the social movements in mid-2013 - when people took to the streets, showing a noticeable dissatisfaction with public services in general, and some other groups presenting specific complaints in those events. To find solutions or at least suggestions for the reflection of the problem found, a current approach to public authorities was necessary attempting to reveal how the constitutional order authorizes their operation and how - in fact - they act. In this endeavour, the legitimacy of power was discussed, involving the analysis of its origin, to whom it belongs and the legitimacy of deficit situations, concluding that it is only justified as it gets more democratic influence, with greater participation of people in its deliberations and decisions, with its plurality and complexity. Research carried out by official institutions was necessary to have evidence of the low level of social development of the country and the nonattendance of minimum basic rights, as well as exposure to various acts and omissions which show that all public authorities do not legitimately represent the people's interests. The competence of the Supreme Court to establish the broader scope of the remuneration policy in the public service received proper attention, presenting itself as an effective means to promote the reduction of the remuneration and structural inequality in public service and contributing to better care of fundamental rights. Also, considerations were made about the Decree 8243/2014, which established the National Policy for Social Participation (NPSP) and the National System of Social Participation (NSSP) and took other measures with the suggestion of its expansion into the legislative and judiciary powers as a way to legitimize the Brazilian democracy, considering its current stage. In conclusion, it is presented the idea expressed by the most influential and modern pedagogical trends for the creation of a participatory, solidary, non-hierarchical and critical culture since the childhood stage. This idea focuses on the resolution of questions addressed to the common good, which considers the complexity and the existing pluralism in society with a view to constant knowledge update. Knowledge update is in turn dynamic and requires such action, instilling - for the future generations - the idea that the creation of a more participatory and collaborative democracy is needed to reduce social inequality as a way to legitimize and promote social welfare, with the implementation of a policy devoted to meet the minimum fundamental rights to ensure dignity to the population.

Gestão Educacional Democrática: avaliação e práticas

A obra, intitulada “Gestão Educacional Democrática: avaliação e práticas”, organizada pelas professoras Luciane Terra dos Santos Garcia e Alessandra Cardoso de Freitas, reuniu textos que investigam vários aspectos das políticas educacionais relacionadas diretamente com o título do livro, integrando três eixos temáticos: o primeiro focado na gestão educacional democrática; o segundo, na avaliação institucional, nos sistemas e nas escolas; e o terceiro enfatiza a gestão e as práticas de intervenção. Trata-se de um esforço das Linhas de Pesquisa Política e Práxis de Educação do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, que vem contribuindo por meio das suas publicações para a sistematização do conhecimento na área das políticas educacionais. Os textos, na sua maioria, resultam de pesquisas realizadas por professores e alunos do Programa de Pós-Graduação dessa instituição, como também conta com a participação de pesquisadores da temática de outras instituições nacionais.

Perguntou o juiz ao tutor pela pessoa deste órfão: os magistrados na ordem sócio educacional do Seridó (século XIX)

This work has the objective to analyze the presence of justice, embodied in the orphans of judges, the encouragement, guidance and custody of minor heirs of the Village of Currais Novos, the area called Seridó of Rio Grande do Norte, especially with regard to education in the century XIX. Aims the meaning of the performance of judges in education and their practices, whereas this figure had a power that went beyond its mere function, but played a political role, taking responsibility for guarding and protection of property left by families of the Imperial period. The study focuses on the set of notary offices documents, inventories, sharing, self accounts and orders, belonging to the District of Currais Novos Forum in the period between the years 1822 to 1829. Finally, the conclusion demonstrates how Judges controlled the education of orphans, through tutors, and it is used for this purpose, the account acts as a procedural mechanism and documentary of its judicial activity.

Transição demográfica e a questão educacional: uma abordagem para o ensino médio do Rio Grande do Norte

Due to demographic transition process, the educational public sector politics formers encounter a highly specific demographic situation because, nowadays, despite the demographic transition, population is still growing because of the demographic inertia; however, due to steady decline in fertility, young population tends to decrease in next years. In this way, aiming to make high school widely accessible in the country, the issue of education quality is highlighted as well the importance of the physical structure of schools and their teaching equipments to confirm a favorable or not environment for developing educational processes. In this way, this work aims to relate the enrollment of students as school types with the demand of young people who will be able to attend high school on the Rio Grande do Norte state by the year of 2020, emphasizing teaching unities structural aspects, from a school profiling to the design of three prospective alternatives. So, from INEP's Scholar Census data and IBGE population's projections, this work is composed by four stages: i) literature review about research related subjects; ii) database design and build; iii) school profiling; and, iv) prospective alternatives creation. As results, three alternatives relate potential demand and enrollment using the built profiles and they are: i) “Alternative A” attends PEE's requirements related to demands but do not provide improvements in the school structural aspects; ii) “Alternative B” points into an increase of enrollment offering to the detriment of school's structural conditions which are offered to these students; iii) “Alternative C” propitiates a quantitative enrollment increasing combined with improvements on school's physical structure. These alternatives help to support decision making related to goals and realization of universal access with physical conditions which are necessary to a favorable environment to educational activity development.

A gestão educacional das secretarias municipais de educação de municípios maranhenses a partir do plano de ações articuladas 2007-2011

The main purpose of this thesis was to analyze educational management of Municipal Departments of Education (SEMED’s) of cities in Maranhão inserted in the Plan of Articulated Actions (2007- 2011). We evidence the role of Union in that public policy. The leading argument is that Brazilian federal government is not demos constraining in relation to its national sub-governments, what makes the central government to enforce, primarily, educational politics like PAR. This kind of politics interferes in the educational management by national sub-governments, turning them into mere executors. By turning them into mere executors, PAR limits their autonomy and over imposes the results-based management as a parameter to improve the education quality. In order to develop the hypothesis, we adopted Political Science as theoretical basis, represented by Federalism Theory as pact which premise is the cooperative pattern of federalism as being the best form of government because it allows a joint decision-making process from the idea of no centralization of power. The methodology was historical materialism, which assumes the totality and contradiction as a form to understand the phenomenon that does not express in direct way its existence, but can be analyzed from such categories that made possible to interpret the reality. So, we used as tools the semistructured interview and documental analyses with triangulation of data. The empirical basis of the research is 04 (four) cities in Maranhão that obey the following criteria: 1. The municipality has to be assigned on the FNDE Resolution nº 29/2007; 2. To present the lowest educational management indexes from the diagnosis made in loco by PAR; 3. To present the lowest financial management indexes based on the diagnosis in loco by PAR. The results suggest that PAR does not effect a resultbased management which are proposed in its legal rules neither the SEMEDs can propose their conception of educational management. That situation creates a hybridism that sometimes turns to managerialism and performativity, sometimes to bureaucracy, sometimes to a total uncoordinated and unarticulated action. In relation to SEMEDs management, this thesis shows that these institutions have no own conception about educational management and end up acting in an uncoordinated and unarticulated way. The thesis concludes that PAR is an over imposition by federal government towards national sub-governments that conflicts with management patterns of those institutions that are used to a less managerial logic. This over imposition makes the Central government to be the center of Brazilian federalism, which is in reality an incomplete pact.

Complementos alimenticios relacionados con los estados de cansancio y fatiga, función cognitiva e intelectual y memoria, y función visual: composición, etiquetado y adecuación a la legislación vigente

El conocimiento acerca de la relación dieta-salud y el enorme impacto que su difusión provoca sobre la opinión pública constituye uno de los elementos que más está condicionando el interés por llevar a cabo una correcta alimentación, sobre todo en los países desarrollados. Desde hace unos años se ha empezado a considerar la importancia que tiene un estado nutricional óptimo para el mantenimiento de la salud y para la prevención de la enfermedad. Estos dos aspectos junto con los cambios socioeconómicos que han tenido lugar y que influyen en las formas de alimentarnos, han potenciado el uso de los productos llamados “complementos alimenticios”. Dichos productos son considerados como un recurso accesorio que permite fácilmente mejorar el estado nutricional o fisiológico, y están destinados a quienes deseen completar de forma puntual su alimentación para contrarrestar una deficiencia o satisfacer una necesidad específica. Los complementos alimenticios se utilizan con la idea de alcanzar un buen estado de salud, además de protegerse frente a las posibles agresiones al organismo. La población asocia éstos a la idea de “tratamiento natural” sin efectos adversos. Sin embargo, recientes estudios muestran cómo la ingesta de determinados complementos alimenticios, a base de multivitaminas y minerales (ácido fólico, vitamina E, vitamina A, betacaroteno, hierro, cobre,…), podrían producir efectos negativos para la salud, puesto que el exceso de nutrientes puede ser dañino. La frontera entre un medicamento y un complemento alimenticio, no está siempre clara (a menudo poseen los mismos componentes y en las mismas formas de dosificación), y según establece la legislación, estará en función de sus ingredientes, de la proporción de éstos presentes en el preparado, de la indicación que se le asigne y de los efectos que pudiera tener para la salud de las personas, ejerciendo un efecto fisiológico para los complementos alimenticios, y famacológico para los medicamentos...

El deber de lealtad y sus concreciones en la legislación cooperativa

Entre los deberes de los miembros de los órganos de gobierno de las diferentes entidades, vinculados al buen gobierno de éstas, destaca el deber de lealtad, derivado del deber de buena fe, y consistente en la obligación de actuar en interés de la entidad en caso de conflicto de intereses con ésta, subordinando los propios a favor de aquélla, salvo que se autorice tal situación. Se trata de un deber predicable tanto respecto de los miembros del órgano de administración, que deben gestionar el interés de la sociedad, como de los socios, tomando en consideración el fin común que deriva del contrato de sociedad. Este deber, al mismo tiempo se concreta en una serie de normas más precisas, relativas a la transparencia, la remuneración, la prohibición de competencia, la autocontratación, etc. Partiendo de lo anterior, este estudio recoge una comparativa de la regulación del deber de lealtad y sus distintas concreciones en las Leyes de cooperativas en España, tanto en relación con los administradores sociales, como de los socios en general, comparando ésta al mismo tiempo con la regulación de estos aspectos en el Derecho de sociedades en general, y en la Ley de Sociedades en General en particular, con el objetivo de obtener una visión general de la cuestión, base necesaria para poder profundizar en ella, planteando una serie de conclusiones o valoraciones preliminares.

Legislación sobre el "terrorismo" y posición de los partidos políticos en la Argentina de los años 60

Fil: Bisso, Matías. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

¿Qué lugar ocupan las prácticas corporales y los profesionales de la Educación Física en la legislación vigente?

Las prácticas entendidas como una forma de ser, pensar y decir en la vida contemporánea ocupa un lugar central en los sujetos. La pirámide jurídica se caracteriza por ser jerárquica y sin contradicción. Sin embargo, aquellas normativas que se encargan de regular los centros deportivos, instituciones y academias dedicadas a la enseñanza de dichas prácticas son ficticias, citan y delegan responsabilidades en organismos y registros fantasmas y ponen en jaque tanto la integridad física y emocional de la población como la profesionalización de la Educación Física

Legislación sobre el "terrorismo" y posición de los partidos políticos en la Argentina de los años 60

Fil: Bisso, Matías. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

¿Qué lugar ocupan las prácticas corporales y los profesionales de la Educación Física en la legislación vigente?

Las prácticas entendidas como una forma de ser, pensar y decir en la vida contemporánea ocupa un lugar central en los sujetos. La pirámide jurídica se caracteriza por ser jerárquica y sin contradicción. Sin embargo, aquellas normativas que se encargan de regular los centros deportivos, instituciones y academias dedicadas a la enseñanza de dichas prácticas son ficticias, citan y delegan responsabilidades en organismos y registros fantasmas y ponen en jaque tanto la integridad física y emocional de la población como la profesionalización de la Educación Física

Legislación sobre el "terrorismo" y posición de los partidos políticos en la Argentina de los años 60

Fil: Bisso, Matías. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.