Síndrome dilatação-vólvulo gástrico em cães

The gastric dilatation- volvulus (GDV) is an acute and potentially lethal disease, characterized by increased size of the stomach associated with mesenteric rotation on its axis, which affects mainly large breed dogs and giants with deep and narrow chest. The diagnosis is made from the history, physical examination, clinical signs and radiographic evaluation. It is an emergency that requires immediate therapy and consists on protocols to treat shock, gastric decompression, surgical repositioning of the stomach, gastropexy and intensive post-operative care. Despite the significant progress in the elucidation of pathophysiological events, risk factors and treatment, there was almost no progress in determining the root causes of this disease. A significant advance was recently described in the literature on this topic is the technique of gastropexy laparoscopy. Instruct the owners of the high risk breeds is extremely important to avoid situations in which the severity of the illness make the surgical treatment impracticable and the animal’s condition irreversible

Os segredos que a natureza encerra: uso de conceitos e modelos da física para investigar questões do mundo animal

Physics governs all working patterns of the universe and could not be otherwise in a biological environment. Living things depend directly on laws and physical models to compose their body structure, allow its survival in certain environments, communication between individuals and groups and also to establish a complex sensorial system that allows interaction with the environment that surrounds them. With the advancement of science and technology, new ideas are required, and thus, many researchers began to turn their attention to those systems found in nature, as these systems often present practical solutions and with maximum efficiency. This imitation of biological systems, applied in creating innovative technological resources, is called Biomimetics. To study the biological systems based on physical concepts is essential the creation of models. These allow the distinction of the effects of the issue really essential and may be ignored side effects that do not have an effective participation in the phenomenon being analyzed. In this Work Completion of course will be studied the phenomenon of countercurrent heat exchangers, present in various situations of nature, focusing on their participation in the legs of birds, also the balance of certain birds that are supported on one leg and possible inspiration of these phenomena in the fields of engineering. Also included are videos that allow better understanding of the studied subjects

Doenças osteoarticulares em pequenos animais

Osteoarticular diseases are very frequent in small animals, especially dogs. Osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative arthropathy in cats and dogs. It is one of the most important skeletal disease in small animals and it is divided into two broad classes: secondary and genetics. The secondary is originated from situations that can cause joint instability like as trauma, ligament problems and obesity among others. The gene for osteoarthritis comes from hereditary problems such as hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia and other diseases that can cause articular instability. The hereditary osteoarticular diseases are important only because they can result in the osteoarthritis. It is important to prevent the joint instability and consequently the clinical signs that affect the quality of life of the animals. The most common clinical signs are intermittent claudication, a decrease in performance, reluctance to jump and climb ladders among others. To prevent the clinical signs or mitigate them, the treatments need to be focused on pain control and especially restoration of the affected joint. The treatments most used are the medical and surgery. Anti-inflammatory and analgesics are used in large scale for pain control and to inhibit inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, medical treatment includes weight reduction, physiotherapy and proper nutrition along with anti-inflammatory and analgesics. Surgical treatments are indicated if there is an inadequate response to medical treatment. Physiotherapy is often used in conjunction with other treatments. Besides the reduction of weight is essential and obesity is unacceptable. Cats also suffer from osteoarthritis, but the diagnosis is rarer than in dogs. Usually the cat’s owners relate the reluctance to jump and drop in performance with senility, and when the disease is diagnosed is already in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Insuficiência renal crônica em cães

The kidneys, for his anatomical and functional characteristics, are sensitive to affections that take the liberation of renal toxins or the blood supply, causing irreversible injuries to his renoparenchymal tissue that is substituted by fibrous tissue. Even after the resolution of the basic cause, there will be the loss of a significant number of his functional unity, renal adaptations will take place in the attempt of maintaining the renal function. These adaptations produce additional injuries, perpetuating to loss of renoparenchymal tissue and the reduction of the renal function. The renal insufficiency (IR) takes place after the loss of 3/4 of the number of his functional unities. Before the progression to the phase of IR, the animal shows up practically without symptoms, but for the gradual increase of the urinary and of the ingestion of water. The reduction of the degree of renal function leads to alterations system compensatory for the accumulation of substances that would suffer renal excretion. The progression of IR leads to the phase of the syndrome urêmica. In this phase the animal presents innumerable clinical signs that can take it to the death. The treatment is symptomatic and dietetic, but depending on the phase not much efficient. Because of being progressive and insidious, the IRC demands the preparation of campaigns and programs of explanation for the veterinary doctors who aim for the consciousness and/or sensibility of the owners to carry out periodic examinations of selection that precociously detect the renal dysfunction. The diagnosis in the beginning IR enables the efficiency of the treatment in stop or slowing his progression, extending the time and quality of life of the patient

Revista Bauru animal

The theme of this project is the animal world, focusing on Bauru. The magazine Bauru Animal was born from the lack of publications addressing the issue of animals under the focus of their rights in this county. The treatment we give to animals is an important ethical and moral issue that should be discussed by the press. In Bauru there is an animal protection movement, whether organized or independent people. And there are many problems about the animals. The intent of the magazine is to report the status of animals in the city, checking legislation and getting into the philosophical field: we have the right to treat animals as mere environmental and economic resource? For the preparation of the materials were performed several interviews, documented in audio files and performed with the authors' theoretical Cremilda Medina and José Carlos Sebe Bom Meihy. The animal issue is cross-cutting issue that involves all traditional media editorials and allows public bodies to discuss assignments, ethical, moral and legal, the role of the citizen in society and many other issues relevant to the media

Avaliação das doses de cães submetidos a exames radiográficos de pulmão

This study aims to determine surface skin doses in dogs (with suspected pulmonary metastasis) submitted to chest X-rays using the technique of thermoluminescence dosimetry. Twenty seven exams from different dogs were performed at the Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade Estadual Paulista (FMVZ-UNESP/Botucatu). The doses were evaluated using thermoluminescent dosimeters of calcium sulphate doped with dysprosium (CaSO4:Dy) produced by the Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN). The pulmonary metastasis exams are carried out in three projections, one dorsal-ventral and two lateral-lateral. During the procedures the projection thicknesses and source-skin surface distances were registered. To simulate the dog phantom the dosimeters were positioned in a cubic simulator (30x30x30 cm) of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) filled with water and irradiated according to the parameters of projections with the X-ray energies ranging from 45 to 70 kV. To estimate the surface skin dose the dose-response curves were obtained for X-ray energies of 50 and 70 kV using the diagnostic X-ray beam machine of the Instruments Calibration Laboratory of IPEN for doses of 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.0 mGy. The main difficulty of this work was the dog immobilization that is reflected in poor-quality diagnostic imaging and, consequently, demands the repetition of the exams, which contributes to the increase of the doses received by the animals being studied and the clinical staff. The doses evaluated in this type of procedure are between 0.43 and 4.22 mGy. This research has shown to be extremely important for the assessment of doses involved in veterinary diagnostic radiology procedures, and as a parameter in the individual monitoring of pet’s owners who assist the animal positioning and occupationally exposed workers of the Department of Veterinary Radiology

Jejum no pré-abate de suínos: bem estar animal e qualidade da carne

In the pre-slaughter management of pigs there are stressors, which depending on the duration or severity, are able to alter the quality of meat. One of the factors considered critical to the welfare is the fasting period in the farm. This practice is fundamental and proven relevance in the production chain. Besides the effects on meat quality and welfare of pigs, fasting is among the main factors responsible for the incidence of skin lesions, can significantly influence the incidence of esophagogastric ulcers and is also important to avoid any contamination of carcasses by gastrointestinal contents. When fasting is done right, it has a positive impact on welfare, meat quality and conditions of welfare during the pre-slaughter management of pigs

Práticas higiênico-sanitárias na ordenha de vacas e percepção de risco de produtores rurais no Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Como os pesquisadores da UNESP-Botucatu concebem a ética na experimentação animal? Consciência ou obediência?: subtitulo

Atualmente existe um consenso de que os pesquisadores estão mais conscientes em relação ao trato com as cobaias e com o bem estar animal, ao mesmo tempo, sabe-se que os comitês de ética recentes estão intensificando a fiscalização dos laboratórios. Há também leis a respeito do trato com os animais utilizados para experimentação que conta com penas, como multas em dinheiro até a exoneração do cargo de cientista e pesquisador. Investigaram-se os pesquisadores, através de um questionário, se estão mais conscientes acerca do bem estar animal ou apenas se adéquam as diretrizes dos comitês de ética para que seu projeto seja aprovado. Além de notarmos diferenças significativas entre os pesquisadores anteriores e posteriores a Lei 11.794/08 que instituiu os comitês de ética. Tendo os mais novos uma sistematização maior no trato com as cobaias enquanto os antigos repensaram suas formas de pesquisa. Quanto ao bem estar animal, nota-se que apenas se adequaram às leis, e que caso as mesmas não houvessem sido criadas não fariam alterações em seus laboratórios

Fitase em dietas para frangos de corte - melhor desempenho e sustentabilidade para a produção animal

O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso é composto por uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a fitase e um relatório sobre o estágio supervisionado realizado na BRF S. A. em Rio Verde/GO. A busca por medidas de sustentabilidade, e a preocupação das indústrias e granjas avícolas com o meio ambiente ligadas ao fator econômico torna a utilização da fitase cada vez mais difundida entre a avicultura moderna. O uso da suplementação enzimática com fitase nas dietas dos frangos de corte diminui a necessidade de utilizar fontes inorgânicas de fósforo, reduzindo os custos com a produção das rações. A fitase também beneficia as aves com uma maior biodisponibilidade de macro e micronutrientes, por hidrolisar o ácido fítico. A utilização da fitase pode ser um adjuvante nas dietas para frangos de corte em diferentes fases de criação, melhorando índices zootécnicos e contribuindo para a redução da poluição ambiental por reduzir elementos como o fósforo e o nitrogênio das excretas das aves

Host responses induced by different animal models of periodontal disease: a literature review

Periodontitis is an infectious disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the periodontium, and it is mediated and modulated by the host immune system. In the presence of microorganisms or other antigens, immune cells (macrophages/monocytes, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils), endothelial cells and fibroblasts secrete cytokines and trigger immune and inflammatory reactions. However, when synthesized at high levels, cytokines modify the pattern of cellular response, participating substantially in the development of chronic inflammatory pathologies, such as periodontal disease. Understanding the origin and progression of bone resorption is one of the primary goals of the field of periodontics, aiming to arrest the disease progression and to optimize future treatments. For this purpose, the development of experimental models is an important and necessary step before entering into clinical trials with new therapies. The purpose of this study is to characterize/evaluate the tissue changes induced by various models of experimental periodontitis through a literature review.

State of the art on animal embryonic chimeras

Embryonic chimerism is generally used in basic research and in vivo diagnosis of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESC), mostly using mice embryos, although there have been reports in the literature on using rat, rabbit, sheep, chicken, primate, bovine, goat and pig embryos. Several techniques can currently be used to produce chimeric embryos, including microinjection, co-culture with ESC, fusion and aggregation. Although microinjection is the most commonly used method in mice, the mere aggregation of embryos with ESC may result in viable chimeras and be as efficient as microinjection. In mice, this chimerism technique has been shown to have the advantage of aggregating embryos in different stages of development with different ploidy, in addition to using ESC in the tetraploid complementation assay. Compared to other techniques for producing chimeras, the aggregation technique is a cheaper, faster and easier methodology to be performed. Moreover, aggregation can be simplified by chemically removing the zona pellucida with pronase or acidic Tyrode’s solution and be enhanced by using the Well of the Well culture system in combination with adhesion molecules, such as phytohemagglutinin. The most commonly used stages for chimerism by aggregation are those that precede the full compaction of the morula. In these stages, embryos have low-tension adherent junctions at the tangential point between two blastomeres. During the embryonic development of mice, the inner cell mass differentiates into epiblast and hypoblast. These layers will originate the fetal tissues and a portion of the extraembryonic tissues (yolk sac, allantois and amnion), whereas the trophectoderm (TE) gives rise to the chorion. A functional TE is essential for the complex molecular communications that occur between the embryo and the uterus. Embryos produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer, such as commercial cattle clones or endangered species, are subject to large fetal and neonatal losses. Hence embryo complementation with heterologous TE could be of assistance to decrease these losses and might as well assist development of high-value embryos in other approaches.

Multivariate analysis for animal selection in experimental research

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Evaluation of roof slope and exposure with different roofing materials in reduced models of animal production facilities in spring and summer

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Biomassa de Rubrivivax gelatinosus na criação de frangos de corte: desempenho animal e cor dos produtos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)