Simple and clean determination of tetracyclines by flow injection analysis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Capacitação de produtores rurais para a melhoria da qualidade do leite cru produzido na região de Araçatuba - SP

This paper reports the results of an extension project carried out at Unesp/Veterinary Medicine course in Araçatuba city with milk farmers of the region. The aim of the project was to supply information to farmers concerning to good quality milk production and, at the same time, to follow up the evolution of milk quality parameters, according to the current Brazilian legislation. Every 45 days, approximately, lectures were presented to milk farmers in Araçatuba city region, approaching chemical and microbiological composition of milk, prevention and detection of mastitis, hygiene proceedings in milking and conservation of milk, cleaning and sanitization operations of facilities and equipments and prevention of adulteration. During the intervals between lectures, milk samples were collected from collective milk cooling tanks and analyzed for microbiological, hygienic and physicochemical tests. The main inadequacies in milk quality were high total bacteria and somatic cells counts, low solids contents and water addition. These problems did not proceed to betterment during the project time. So, it was concluded that the time for instruction of farmers was not enough for a progress in the quality of the milk produced in the region, pointing out the need in continuing this kind of work.

Modelagem do aporte de sedimentos aplicada à bacia hidrográfica contribuinte da PCH Costa Rica (MS) e proposta de mitigação do assoreamento

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Utilização da percepção subjetiva de esforço para controlar a intensidade do aquecimento realizado através da corrida em crianças

The aim of this study was to verify the use of exertion subjective perception to control warm-up intensity performed by continuous running in children. Twenty-one children (11,4 ± 0,8 years, 45 ± 9,8 kg e 153,6 ± 9,6 cm), performed warm-up by continuous running in randomic order in three conditions with diferent intensities using rate of perceived exertion (RPE). The intensities were chosen according to RPE Borg CR-10 and the arbitrary units used were three (B3), Five (B5) and nine (B9). The heart rate (HR) and mean velocity of the run (VEL) were evaluated to analyse the intensity of the three warm-up conditions. Statistical analysis was done by annova one-way followed by post-hoc tukey test, considering significant level of 5%. There were significant increase in HR (B3= 112 ± 10, B5 = 140 ± 18 e B9 = 176 ± 21 bpm) and VEL (B3 = 4,01 ± 0,5, B5 = 7,09 ± 1,22 e B9 = 10,97 ± 1,70 km/h) between B5 and B9 condition compared to B3. Moreover, in both parameters B9 presented significantly higher results compared to the condition B5. It´s possible to control warm-up intensity performed by continuous running in children using RPE Borg CR-10.

Green training supporting eco-innovation in three Brazilian companies: practices and levels of integration

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show results from the relationship between green/environmental training and the development of three projects of low-carbon eco-innovations in top Brazilian companies. Design/methodology/approach – This study includes three organizational projects for low-carbon eco-innovations in products (A, B and C) with the objective of reducing their impact on GHG emissions, the so-called low-carbon products. Data were collected from several sources of evidence, including in-depth interviews, document analyses and direct observations. Findings – The authors verified that the environmental training interface for mitigating climate change is relevant for the systematic development of low-carbon products in most of the cases studied. Originality/value – Low-carbon eco-innovations are a trend in the corporate world; however, there is not enough literature and practical evidence on this subject. Thus, this paper adds new evidence to the literature.

Desempenho produtivo de novilhos nelore confinados alimentados com silagem de milho processada

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The Use of the Library Catalogue by Undergraduate Students in Niger Delta University Library

This study investigated the use of library catalogue in Niger Delta University library. The study employed descriptive research method and questionnaire as a research instrument to generate the data. The analysis revealed that 168 (51 percent) of the users were not aware of library catalogue, and 160 (54 percent) had never used the catalogue. The study also showed that 209 (71.7 percent) encountered difficulties in using the catalogue because of lack of proper education and, as a result, 202 (68.7 percent) of the users resolved to used browsing/reading through the shelves method to locate books. The analysis also revealed that 202 (68.7 percent) of users indicated that proper user education was a means to easy catalogue use in the library. Recommendations were made to improve effective catalogue use, including user education, regular orientation programme, and preparation of guidelines on use of the library catalogue.

Structural and Functional Insights from the Metagenome of an Acidic Hot Spring Microbial Planktonic Community in the Colombian Andes

A taxonomic and annotated functional description of microbial life was deduced from 53 Mb of metagenomic sequence retrieved from a planktonic fraction of the Neotropical high Andean (3,973 meters above sea level) acidic hot spring El Coquito (EC). A classification of unassembled metagenomic reads using different databases showed a high proportion of Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria (in total read affiliation), and through taxonomic affiliation of 16S rRNA gene fragments we observed the presence of Proteobacteria, micro-algae chloroplast and Firmicutes. Reads mapped against the genomes Acidiphilium cryptum JF-5, Legionella pneumophila str. Corby and Acidithiobacillus caldus revealed the presence of transposase-like sequences, potentially involved in horizontal gene transfer. Functional annotation and hierarchical comparison with different datasets obtained by pyrosequencing in different ecosystems showed that the microbial community also contained extensive DNA repair systems, possibly to cope with ultraviolet radiation at such high altitudes. Analysis of genes involved in the nitrogen cycle indicated the presence of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to N2 (narGHI, nirS, norBCDQ and nosZ), associated with Proteobacteria-like sequences. Genes involved in the sulfur cycle (cysDN, cysNC and aprA) indicated adenylsulfate and sulfite production that were affiliated to several bacterial species. In summary, metagenomic sequence data provided insight regarding the structure and possible functions of this hot spring microbial community, describing some groups potentially involved in the nitrogen and sulfur cycling in this environment. Citation: Jimenez DJ, Andreote FD, Chaves D, Montana JS, Osorio-Forero C, et al. (2012) Structural and Functional Insights from the Metagenome of an Acidic Hot Spring Microbial Planktonic Community in the Colombian Andes. PLoS ONE 7(12): e52069. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052069

Efeitos gênicos de caracteres associados à eficiência no uso de nitrogênio em milho

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar o controle genético da eficiência no uso do nitrogênio (EUN), identificar a importância das eficiências na absorção (EAN) e na utilização (EUtN) na sua composição,  e quantificar relação entre produção de matéria seca da parte aérea (MPS) e do sistema radicular com a EUN e  com seus componentes. Foram avaliadas 41 combinações híbridas em duas disponibilidades de N: baixa (BN)  e alta (AN). Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com duas repetições, em arranjo fatorial simples  (combinação híbrida x disponibilidade de N). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas por meio das equações  de modelos mistos. Correlações de elevada magnitude foram detectadas entre EAN e EUN, bem como entre  essas eficiências e a MPS, tanto em BN como em AN. Em ambas as disponibilidades de N, efeitos genéticos  aditivos apresentaram maior importância para os caracteres associados à EUN. Dessa forma, a seleção baseada  no desempenho individual de linhagens quanto à MPS pode possibilitar a obtenção de genótipos com alta  EUN. Independentemente da disponibilidade de N, a EAN é o componente mais importante da EUN.

Regeneration and characterization of somatic hybrids combining sweet orange and mandarin/mandarin hybrid cultivars for citrus scion improvement

Protoplast fusion between sweet orange and mandarin/mandarin hybrids scion cultivars was performed following the model "diploid embryogenic callus protoplast + diploid mesophyll-derived protoplast". Protoplasts were isolated from embryogenic calli of 'Pera' and 'Westin' sweet orange cultivars (Citrus sinensis) and from young leaves of 'Fremont', Nules', and 'Thomas' mandarins (C. reticulata), and 'Nova' tangelo [C. reticulata x (C. paradisi x C. reticulata)]. The regenerated plants were characterized based on their leaf morphology (thickness), ploidy level, and simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers. Plants were successfully generated only when 'Pera' sweet orange was used as the embryogenic parent. Fifteen plants were regenerated being 7 tetraploid and 8 diploid. Based on SSR molecular markers analyses all 7 tetraploid regenerated plants revealed to be allotetraploids (somatic hybrids), including 2 from the combination of 'Pera' sweet orange + 'Fremont' mandarin, 3 'Pera' sweet orange + 'Nules' mandarin, and 2 'Pera' sweet orange + 'Nova' tangelo, and all the diploid regenerated plants showed the 'Pera' sweet orange marker profile. Somatic hybrids were inoculated with Alternaria alternata and no disease symptoms were detected 96 h post-inoculation. This hybrid material has the potential to be used as a tetraploid parent in interploid crosses for citrus scion breeding.

Effects of a combined aerobic and strength training program in youth patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Cure rates of youth with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) have increased in the past decades, but survivor's quality of life and physical fitness has become a growing concern. Although previous reports showed that resistance training is feasible and effective, we hypothesized that a more intense exercise program would also be feasible, but more beneficial than low- to moderate-intensity training programs. We aimed to examine the effects of an exercise program combining high-intensity resistance exercises and moderate-intensity aerobic exercises in young patients undergoing treatment for ALL. A quasi-experimental study was conducted. The patients (n = 6; 5-16 years of age) underwent a 12-week intra-hospital training program involving high-intensity strength exercises and aerobic exercise at 70% of the peak oxygen consumption. At baseline and after 12 weeks, we assessed sub-maximal strength (10 repetition-maximum), quality of life and possible adverse effects. A significant improvement was observed in the sub maximal strength for bench press (71%), lat pull down (50%), leg press (73%) and leg extension (64%) as a result of the training (p < 0.01). The parents' evaluations of their children's quality of life revealed an improvement in fatigue and general quality of life, but the children's self-reported quality of life was not changed. No adverse effects occurred. A 12-week in-hospital training program including high-intensity resistance exercises promotes marked strength improvements in patients during the maintenance phase of the treatment for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia without side-effects. Parents' evaluations of their children revealed an improvement in the quality of life.

FIG CLONES SELECTION OF cv. ROXO DE VALINHOS OBTAINED BY IRRADIATED BUDS

The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is a fruit tree of great world importance and, therefore, the genetic improvement becomes an important field of research for the crop improvement, being necessary to gather information on this species, mainly regarding its genetic variability so that appropriate propagation projects and management are made. However, the fig, in Brazil, is all produced from only one cultivar, Roxo de Valinhos, which produces seedless fruit, making impossible the conventional breeding. So, the fig breeding through induced mutagenic becomes a very important research line, greatly contributing to the fig culture development. The objective of this study was to select fig plants formed by cuttings treated with gamma ray. The plants used were obtained from buds of the cv. Roxo de Valinhos. The cuttings were irradiated with gamma rays in an irradiator Gamma Cell at 10 cm from the tip of the cutting, at doses of 30 Gy with dose rate of 238 Gy/h. The experiment consisted of 450 treatments, where each formed plant was a treatment. The treatments were numbered sequentially from 1 to 450 and spaced 2.5 x 1.5 m. It was evaluated the vegetative and the fruits characteristics, and the incidence of major crop pests and diseases. The analysis data showed that there is genetic variability among treatments and that the plants under numbers 1, 5, 20, 79, 164, 189, 194, 201, 221, 214, 258, 301, 322, 392, 433 and 440 are probably genetic mutants that should be tested as commercial orchards.

Deficiência nutricional em plantas jovens de aroeira-pimenteira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi)

A recuperação e a restauração florestal de ecossistemas degradados podem não acontecer das maneiras desejadas se houver carência nutricional ou suprimento inadequado de nutrientes às plantas no estádio inicial de desenvolvimento de espécies florestais nativas. Objetivou-se nesta investigação avaliar os efeitos da deficiência de nutrientes em plantas jovens de aroeira-pimenteira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi). Para isso, induziu-se a sintomatologia de deficiência nutricional, determinaram-se os teores de nutrientes nas folhas e caules, e foi feita a avaliação do efeito da deficiência nutricional na altura, na produção de massa seca e no estoque de carbono do caule em plantas jovens de aroeira-pimenteira. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, totalizando treze tratamentos, empregando a técnica de diagnose por subtração (-N, -P, -K, -Ca, -Mg, -S, -B, -Cu, -Fe, -Mn, -Mo, -Zn), sendo que em um dos tratamentos, as plantas foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva com todos nutrientes. Durante o experimento, observou-se que a deficiência nutricional, além de propiciar o aparecimento de sintomas de deficiência que prejudicam o desenvolvimento vegetal, comprometeu também a produção de massa de plantas jovens de aroeira-pimenteira. Estes resultados claramente evidenciam o fato de que projetos de implantação de florestas ou de recuperação e restauração de ecossistemas degradados que utilizem a aroeira-pimenteira, em solos que necessitem de suplementação nutricional, poderão ter seu sucesso comprometido se não houver a complementação nutricional necessária.

Performance of surveillance cultures at different body sites to identify asymptomatic Staphylococcus aureus carriers

The objective was to evaluate the performance of surveillance cultures at various body sites for Staphylococcus aureus colonization in pregnant women and newborns (NB) and the factors associated with nasal colonization. For NB, 4 sites were evaluated: nares, oropharynx, perineum, and umbilical stump (birth, third day, and weekly). For pregnant women, 4 sites during labor: anterior nares, anus, perineum, and oropharynx. Nasally colonized patients were compared with colonized only extranasally. Colonization was 53% of 392 pregnant women (methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA]: 4%) and 47% of 382 NB (MRSA: 9%). For newborn patients, the best body site was the umbilical stump (methicillin-susceptible S. aureus [MSSA]: 64%; MRSA: 68%) and the combination of nares + umbilical (MSSA: 86%; MRSA: 91%). Among pregnant women, the best body site was the anterior nares (MSSA: 59%; MRSA: 67%) and the combination of nares + oropharynx (MSSA: 83%; MRSA: 80%). A smaller number of household members were associated with MRSA carriage in pregnant women (2.2 +/- 0.6 versus 3.6 +/- 1.8; P = 0.04). In conclusion, multiple culture sites are needed. Control programs based on surveillance cultures may be compromised. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.