Aprendizaje y tiempos en la escuela : reflexiones desde la dirección de un centro.

Se estudia la dimensión tiempo en el ámbito educativo. Se analizan las teorías, necesidades y problemas relativos al tiempo escolar, los horarios estipulados en las escuelas y centros educativos, el tiempo de aprovechamiento curricular y docente, y la normalización del calendario y la jornada escolar, para adecuar los mismos a las necesidades y ritmo de aprendizaje del alumnado.

Catch-per-unit-effort: which estimator is best?

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comparison between univariate and bivariate geostatistical models for estimating catch per unit of effort (cpue): A simulation study

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Crystal structure of isotibolone: a major degradation product of tibolone

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Phosphorus utilization by corn as affected by green manure, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Grupo general de maquinaria y herramientas: cuadros comparativos de derechos arancelarios, gravámenes totales y equivalentes ad-valorem a la importación en los países centroamericanos

Incluye Bibliografía

Palatabilizantes em dietas de leitões recém-desmamados

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Optimal digestible protein level for bullfrog tadpoles

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Emissão de gases do efeito estufa e estoque de carbono no sistema solo-planta em área com aplicação superficial de calcário e gesso em experimento de longa duração

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Phosphorus utilization by corn as affected by green manure, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers

The objective of this work was to evaluate the utilization by corn plants of P from triple superphosphate fertilizer labeled with P-32 (P-32-TSP), and of P from soil as affected by N rates and by the green manures (GM) sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) and millet (Pennisetum glaucum). The experiment was carried out using pots filled with 5 kg Oxisol (Rhodic Hapludox). A completely randomized design was used, in a 4x4x2 factorial arrangement, with four replicates. The treatments were: four P rates as TSP (0, 0.175, 0.350, and 0.700 g P per pot); four N rates as urea (0, 0.75, 1.50, and 2.25 g N per pot); and sunn hemp or millet as green manure. The additions of N and P by the GM were taken into account. After grain physiologic maturation, corn dry matter, P contents, accumulated P, and P recovery in the different treatments were measured. P-32-TSP recovery by corn increased with N increasing rates, and decreased with increasing rates of P-32-TSP. The mineral fertilizer provides most of the accumulated P by corn plants. The recovery of P-32-TSP by corn was 13.12% in average. The green manure species influence the assimilation of P-32-TSP by the plants.

The objectives of the US Exploring Expedition's circumnavigation (1838-1842): longitude, nautical charting and the establishment of modern geographic coordinates

This article analyzes the main objectives of the scientific voyage to circumnavigate the earth, undertaken by the United States from 1838 to 1842. Charting was one of the most important of the scientific and strategic goals of the exploratory voyage. The initiative for the undertaking was the search for exact positioning on the high seas after the establishment of the longitude system, when nautical charts and maps from various countries were compared, and other, new ones were drawn. The United States participated in this international effort, leading to the creation of its own cartographic system.

Crystal structure of isotibolone: a major degradation product of tibolone

Isotibolone is frequently found as an impurity in tibolone, a drug used for hormone reposition of post-menopause women, due to some inadequate tibolone synthesis or as a result of degradation during drug storage. The presence of isotibolone impurities should be detected and quantified in active pharmaceutical ingredient products of tibolone before its use in the manufacturing of medicaments. The X-ray powder diffraction technique offers the possibility of quantifying isotibolone amounts at different stages of drug production and storage, from the chemical synthesis to the final formulation. In the course of a study involving the quantitative analysis of isotibolone by X-ray powder diffraction, the authors determined the structure of the title compound using a recently developed approach (A. Gomez and S. Kycia, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 2011, 44, 708-713). The structure is monoclinic, space group P2(1) (4), with unit cell parameters a = 6.80704(7) angstrom, b = 20.73858(18) angstrom, c = 6.44900(6) angstrom, beta = 76.4302(5)degrees, V = 884.980(15) angstrom(3) and two molecules per unit cell (Z = 2). The molecules are hydrogen bonded in the ab plane forming layers that are held together in the crystal by van der Waals interactions along the c-axis.

Sublingual ketorolac and sublingual piroxicam are equally effective for postoperative pain, trismus, and swelling management in lower third molar removal

Objective. Lower third molar removal provides a clinical model for studying analgesic drugs. The present study's aim was to compare the clinical efficacy of sublingual ketorolac and sublingual piroxicam in managing pain, trismus and swelling after lower third molar extraction in adult volunteers. Study Design. In this double-blinded, randomized, crossover investigation, 47 volunteers received for 4 days ketorolac sublingually (10 mg 4 times daily) and piroxicam sublingually (20 mg once daily) during 2 separate appointments after lower third molar extraction of symmetrically positioned lower third molars. A surgeon evaluated objective parameters (surgery duration, mouth opening, rescue analgesic medication, and facial swelling) and volunteers documented subjective parameters (postoperative pain and global evaluation), comparing postoperative results for a total of 7 days after surgery. The means of the objective and subjective parameters were compared for statistical significance (P < .05). Results. Volunteers reported low pain scores during the postoperative period when treated with either sublingual ketorolac or piroxicam. Also, volunteers ingested similar amounts of analgesic rescue medication (paracetamol) when they received either drug sublingually (P > .05). Additionally, values for mouth openings measured just before surgery and immediately after suture removal 7 days later were similar among volunteers (P > .05), and the type of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) used in this study showed no significant differences between swellings on the second or seventh days after surgery (P > .05). Conclusions. Pain, trismus, and swelling after lower third molar extraction, independent of surgical difficulty, were successfully controlled by sublingual ketorolac (10 mg 4 times daily) or sublingual piroxicam (20 mg once daily), and no significant differences were observed between the NSAIDs evaluated. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012;114:27-34)

All cause and disease specific mortality in patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis: population based cohort study

Objective To examine all cause and disease specific mortality in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip. Design Population based cohort study. Setting General practices in the southwest of England. Participants 1163 patients aged 35 years or over with symptoms and radiological confirmation of osteoarthritis of the knee or hip. Main outcome measures Age and sex standardised mortality ratios and multivariable hazard ratios of death after a median of 14 years’ follow-up. Results Patients with osteoarthritis had excess all cause mortality compared with the general population (standardised mortality ratio 1.55, 95% confidence interval 1.41 to 1.70). Excess mortality was observed for all disease specific causes of death but was particularly pronounced for cardiovascular (standardised mortality ratio 1.71, 1.49 to 1.98) and dementia associated mortality (1.99, 1.22 to 3.25). Mortality increased with increasing age (P for trend <0.001), male sex (adjusted hazard ratio 1.59, 1.30 to 1.96), self reported history of diabetes (1.95, 1.31 to 2.90), cancer (2.28, 1.50 to 3.47), cardiovascular disease (1.38, 1.12 to 1.71), and walking disability (1.48, 1.17 to 1.86). However, little evidence existed for increased mortality associated with previous joint replacement, obesity, depression, chronic inflammatory disease, eye disease, or presence of pain at baseline. The more severe the walking disability, the higher was the risk of death (P for trend <0.001). Conclusion Patients with osteoarthritis are at higher risk of death compared with the general population. History of diabetes, cancer, or cardiovascular disease and the presence of walking disability are major risk factors. Management of patients with osteoarthritis and walking disability should focus on effective treatment of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities, as well as on increasing physical activity.