Structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO films grown on c-plane sapphire and (100)gamma-LiAlO2 by pulse laser deposition

ZnO thin films were grown on single-crystal gamma-LiAlO2 (LAO) and sapphire (0001) substrate by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO films were investigated. The results show that LAO is more suitable for fabricating ZnO films than sapphire substrate and the highest-quality ZnO film was attained on LAO at the substrate temperature of 550 degrees C. However, when the substrate temperature rises to 700 degrees C, lithium would diffuse from the substrate (LAO) into ZnO film which makes ZnO film on LAO becomes polycrystalline without preferred orientation, the stress in ZnO film increases dominantly and the resistivity of the film decreases exponentially. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of vapor transport equilibration on the crystal quality and thermal-expansion coefficients of gamma-LiAlO2

gamma-LiAlO2 (LAO) single crystal has been grown by the Czochralski method. However, its quality was deteriorated due to lithium volatilization during the crystal growth. The full width at half maximum value drops from 116.9 to 44.2 arc sec after the LAO slice was treated by vapor transport equilibration at 1000, 1100, and 1200 degrees C/48 h in sequence. The treated slice shows higher optical transmission than the as-grown one in the measured wavelength range of 190-1900 nm, meanwhile, its absorption edge exhibits a blueshift. According to Raman spectra, the treated slice has homogeneous quality at different depths from surface to 0.01 mm. The expansion coefficient of the treated slice for a axis drops from 17.2398x10(-6)/degrees C to 16.5240x10(-6)/degrees C, and that for c axis drops from 10.7664x10(-6)/degrees C to 10.0786x10(-6)/degrees C.

激光二极管抽运Tm：YAP激光器获得5W连续波输出

2μm波长激光对人眼安全，在相干探测风切变、非线性频率转换等方面有重要应用。2μm波长激光还可应用到激光医疗，由于其吸收深度浅，手术精度高于发射1μm波长的激光。

Síntese de sebacato de dioctila empregando lipases

A crescente demanda por lubrificantes obtidos a partir de fontes renováveis vem incentivando a pesquisa por alternativas sustentáveis. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar a síntese de sebacato de dioctila a partir da reação de esterificação entre o ácido sebácico e o 1-octanol empregando biocatalisadores e catalisador químico convencional (ácido sulfúrico). Alguns parâmetros reacionais foram estudados: tipo de lipase comercial imobilizada (Novozym 435, Lipozyme RM IM e Lipozyme TL IM), temperatura, razão molar ácido/álcool, concentração de lipase, métodos de remoção da água do meio reacional. A reutilização da lipase Novozym 435 também foi avaliada. A conversão da reação foi determinada por cromatografia em fase gasosa. A lipase Novozym 435 apresentou os melhores resultados: 100% de conversão de ácido sebácico quando foi empregada razão molar ácido:álcool de 1:5 e 5% m/m de lipase, após 150 minutos de reação a 100C. O emprego de peneira molecular e vácuo não aumentou a conversão do ácido sebácico. O produto final foi caracterizado com relação à viscosidade, ao índice de viscosidade, ao ponto de fulgor, ao ponto de fluidez e ao índice de neutralização, e apresentou comportamento semelhante a um óleo naftênico

Growth of highly sensitive thermoluminescent crystal alpha-Al2O3 : C by the temperature gradient technique

In this work, an alpha-Al2O3:C crystal with highly sensitive thermoluminescence was directly grown by the temperature gradient technique (TGT) using Al2O3 and graphite powders as raw materials. The optical and luminescent properties and the dosimetric characteristics of the crystal were investigated. An as-grown alpha-Al2O3:C crystal shows a single glow peak at 462 K and a blue emission peak at 415 nm. The thermoluminescence (TL) response of the crystal shows a linear-sublinear-saturation characteristic. In the dose range from 5 x 10(-6) to 10Gy, the alpha-Al2O3:C crystal shows excellent linearity, and saturation was observed at about 30Gy. The sensitivity of the crystal decreases as the heating rate increases. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of carbon on the thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence of α -Al2O3:C crystals

alpha-Al2O3:C crystal shows excellent thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) properties but the real role carbon plays in this crystal is still not clearly understood so far. In this work, alpha-Al2O3:C crystal doping with different amounts of carbon were grown by the temperature gradient technique, and TL and OSL properties of as-grown crystals were investigated. Additionally, a mechanism was proposed to explain the role of carbon in forming the TL and OSL properties of alpha-Al2O3:C. TL and OSL intensities of as-grown crystals increase with the increasing amount of carbon doping in the crystal, but no shift is found in the glow peak location at 465 K. As the amount of carbon doping in the crystals decreases, OSL decay rate becomes faster. With the increase in heating rate, the integral TL response of as-grown crystals decreases and glow peak shifts to higher temperatures. TL response decrease rate increases with the increasing amount of carbon doping in the crystals. All the TL and OSL response curves of as-grown crystals show linear-sublinear-saturation characteristic, and OSL dose response exhibits higher sensitivity and wider linear dose range than that of TL. The crystal doping with 5000 ppm carbon shows the best dosimetric properties. Carbon plays the role of a dopant in alpha-Al2O3:C crystal and four-valent carbon anions replace the two-valent anions of oxygen during the crystal growth process, and large amounts of oxygen vacancies were formed, which corresponds to the high absorption coefficient of F and F+ centers in the crystals.

α-Al_2O_3:C晶体的热释光和光释光特性

以高纯α-Al2O3和石墨为原料,采用温梯法生长了α-Al2O3:C晶体,使用RisΦTL/OSL-DA-15型热释光和光释光仪研究了其热释光和光释光特性.α-Al2O3:C晶体在462K附近有单一热释光峰,发射波长位于410nm.随着辐照剂量的增加,热释光强度逐渐增强,462K的热释光特征峰位置保持不变.α-Al2O3:C晶体的光释光衰减曲线由快衰减和慢衰减两个部分组成,随着辐照剂量的增加,快衰减部分衰减速率变化不大,而慢衰减部分衰减速率加快.在5×10-6—10Gy剂量范围内,α-Al2O3:C晶体的热释光剂量响应呈现良好的线性关系,30Gy时达到饱和;光释光剂量响应在5×10-6—60Gy剂量范围内呈现良好的线性关系,100Gy时达到饱和.与热释光相比,光释光剂量响应具有更高的灵敏度和更宽的线性剂量响应范围.

Growth of alpha-Al2O3:C crystal with highly sensitive optically stimulated luminescence

In this work. an alpha-Al2O3:C crystal was directly grown by the temperature gradient technique (TGT) using Al2O3 and graphite powders as the raw materials. The optical, optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) properties and dosimetric characteristics of as-grown crystal were investigated. As-grown alpha-Al2O3:C crystal shows strong absorption band at 205, 230 and 256 nm. Three-dimensional thermoluminescence (TL) emission spectrum of the crystal shows a single emission peak at similar to 415 nm. The OSL decay curve can be fitted to two exponentials, the faster component and the slower component. The OSL response of the crystal shows a linear-sublinear-saturation characteristic. As-grown alpha-Al2O3:C crystal shows excellent linearity in the dose range from 5 x 10(-6) to 50 Gy. For doses higher than the saturation dose (100 Gy). the OSL sensitivity decreases as the dose increases. Crown Copyright (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Análisis nutricional y su relación con el estrés psico-físico y el daño muscular en jugadoras profesionales de voleibol a lo largo de una temporada

261 p.

沉积参量及时效时间对SiO2薄膜残余应力的影响

SiO2薄膜由电子束蒸发方法沉积而成。用GPI数字波面光学干涉仪测量了不同沉积条件下玻璃基底镀膜前后曲率半径的变化，并确定了SiO2薄膜中的残余应力。在其他条件相同的情况下，当沉积温度由190℃升高到350℃时，SiO2薄膜中的压应力由一156MPa增大为-289MPa。氧分压由3．0×10^-3Pa升高到13．0×10^-3Pa时，SiO2薄膜中的应力由-223．5MPa变为20．4MPa。通过对薄膜折射率的测量，发现薄膜的堆积密度随沉积条件的改变也发生了规律性的变化。应力的变化主要是由于沉积时蒸发粒子

La cuestión de las azagayas de base hendida magdalenienses en la Cornisa Cantábrica

[ES] Durante la excavación de la cueva de Praile Aitz I (Deba, Gipuzkoa) se ha hallado una azagaya de base hendida sobre un suelo de cantos de caliza en el que se definió un contexto de habitación constituido por un hogar, escasos restos de industria y fauna, y varios colgantes. Estos materiales se atribuyen al Magdaleniense Inferior Cantábrico con fechas que se sitúan entre el 15.190 y 15.810 BP. Aprovechando este descubrimiento se realiza una revisión de ejemplares de similares características hallados en otros yacimientos cantábricos (Balmori, El Castillo) y se plantea la posible cronología magdaleniense del ejemplar de Santimamiñe.

退火对电子束热蒸发Al2O3薄膜性能影响的实验研究

用电子束热蒸发方法镀制了Al2O3材料的单层膜，对它们在空气中进行了250～400℃的高温退火。对样品的透射率光谱曲线进行了测量，计算了样品的消光系数、折射率和截止波长。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)测量分析了薄膜的微观结构，采用表面轮廓仪测量了样品的表面均方根粗糙度。结果发现随着退火温度的提高光学损耗下降，薄膜结构在退火温度为400℃时仍然为无定形态，样品的表面粗糙度随退火温度的升高而增加。引起光学损耗下降起主导作用的是吸收而不是散射，吸收损耗的下降主要是由于退火使材料吸收空气中的氧而进一步氧化，从而使薄膜

Transverse target single-spin asymmetry in inclusive electroproduction of charged pions and kaons

Single-spin asymmetries were investigated in inclusive electroproduction of charged pions and kaons from transversely polarized protons at the HERMES experiment. The asymmetries were studied as a function of the azimuthal angle psi about the beam direction between the target-spin direction and the hadron production plane, the transverse hadron momentum P-T relative to the direction of the incident beam, and the Feynman variable x(F). The sin psi* amplitudes are positive for pi(+) and K+ slightly negative for pi(-) and consistent with zero for K-, with particular P-T but weak x(F) dependences. Especially large asymmetries are observed for two small subsamples of events, where also the scattered electron was recorded by the spectrometer. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

El desafío de exponer: procesos y retos museográficos

Il y a aussi des chapitres en français. There are also chapters in English. Cap. 1. El complicado arte de exponer. Iñaki Arrieta Urtizberea. Cap. 2. “Esta exposición no es para este museo”. Las salas permanentes del Museu Valencià d’Etnologia. Joan Segui. Cap. 3. Debunking, Decentralizing and Dissonance: Cultural Jamming @ Museum of Vancouver. Viviane Gosselin. Cap. 4. L’exposition des objets de cultures autochtones aujourd’hui, gain ou perte de sens? Le cas de l’exposition « C’est notre histoire... » au Musée de la civilisation de Québec. Daniel Arsenault et Nadine Desbiens. Cap. 5. El Born de Barcelona: exposiciones conmemorativas, límites, problemas y desafíos. Francesc Xavier Hernàndez Cardona. Cap. 6. Silencios y omisiones: narrando y exhibiendo la historia nacional. Magdalena Mieri. Cap. 7. Exhibiting the Commons. The Case of Tensta konsthall. Haizea Barcenilla Garcia. Cap. 8. Interactividad y patrimonio. Retos, tendencias y líneas de futuro. Núria Serrat Antolí.