Condutas de risco em jovens mulheres: álcool e sexo não seguro, temas necessários na formação de professores

The youth has been calling attention due to the large number of social problems resulting from the risky behaviors. One of the behaviors that stand out is the use of alcohol because, besides being the first drug to be used by children and adolescents, this population begins to use increasingly early. Another behavior that is becoming concern in that particular group, also with early start, is the unprotected sex, causing problems as the unplanned pregnancy, abortions and sexually transmitted diseases. However, one factor is becoming relevant and requiring further study, the number of young women developing sexually transmitted diseases and becoming risk drinkers. In this direction, this study has as objective to discuss the high number of alcohol use among young women, the vulnerability that this use causes for the unprotected sex and the importance of these subjects teachers training. It should be noted, finally, the lack of training of teachers to work with the thematic ones, and mainly, the need to deconstruct gender stereotypes, an obstacle in preventing the use of alcohol, other drugs and sexually transmitted diseases.

Desenvolvimento cognitivo e sintomas depressivos em adolescentes que fazem uso de bebidas alcoólicas

Surveys on alcohol use show that people usually begin using this substance as adolescents. In this stage of development, it is common for some people to show depressive symptoms. The combination of alcohol and depressive symptoms may affect students’ cognitive and school development. This study aims at identifying and discussing on the relationship between alcohol use in adolescents, depression and the consequences on cognitive development. Participants were 127 students of two schools in the state of São Paulo, who answered the AUDIT, the BDI and Tests for Operatory Development. Results show that excessive alcohol use is significant, but we did not observe a relationship between alcohol use, depressive symptoms and low cognitive performance.

Resultado perinatal de gestantes submetidos à busca ativa de infecção genital

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Condições de saúde bucal das gestantes atendidas na atenção primária do município de Botucatu-SP e seu conhecimento sobre a inportãncia da saúde bucal na gestação

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Índice de contaminação: novo parâmetro para análise de metais e de pesticidas no sangue materno e do cordão umbilical

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Eficácia da haptoglobina como marcador de hemólise no diagnóstico da síndrome HELLP

Introduction: The HELLP syndrome is a severe complication of pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE), characterized by association of hemolysis, changes in liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia. Hemolysis, defined by the presence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, is one of the characteristics in this syndrome. However, as hemolysis occurs in a short time there is some difficulty in its laboratory diagnosis. Therefore, the search for a more sensitive and specific method for hemolysis determination may help in the early diagnosis of the HELLP syndrome. Objectives: a) To determine the plasma concentration of haptoglobin in normotensive pregnant women and in pregnant women with PE, classified into mild PE, severe PE and HELLP/partial HELLP syndrome; b) To compare the efficacy of haptoglobin plasma concentration and serum total bilirubin as criteria for hemolysis diagnosis in HELLP/partial HELLP syndrome. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical and comparative study involving 66 pregnant women diagnosed with PE, being 25 cases with mild PE, 28 with severe PE, and 13 with HELLP/partial HELLP syndrome. Twenty-one normotensive pregnant women were included for comparison of haptoglobin plasma concentration between the groups and to determine the normal values for pregnant women. The variables studied were: maternal age, gestational age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, proteinuria, hematocrit and hemoglobin values, platelet count, serum total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), urea, creatinine and uric acid, and also plasma concentrations of haptoglobin. The results were analyzed by nonparametric tests, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The values of urea, uric acid, AST, ALT and LDH were significantly higher, while the number of platelets was lower in pregnant women with HELLP/partial HELLP syndrome compared to pregnant women with mild PE and ...

Frequência e perfil de gestantes com toxoplasmose em uma unidade de saúde de Matão - SP

Congenital toxoplasmosis is a serious public health case, for it causes irreversible damage to the embryo/fetus, which may cause its death. The identification and the care to pregnant women with suspect acute toxoplasmosis (IgM+) is performed in prenatal monitoring. This study aimed to measure the incidence and know the profile of positive pregnant women for toxoplasmosis in a Basic Health Unit (BHU) in Matão - SP, between the years 2011 to 2013. This is a retrospective descriptive study, from the medical records of pregnant women attended. The project was approved by the Municipal Departament of Health and BHU was chosen along the Municipal Epidemiological Surveillance. From 2011 to 2013, 189 women began prenatal care in the unit, an annual median of 71(±26.91), of which 17 (8.99%) were positive for the serological test indicative of acute phase (IgM+). The distribution over the trial period was: four cases in 2011, twelve cases in 2012 and one in 2013. Pregnant women IgM positive for toxoplasmosis attend by BHU were: age 24(±5.47) years; color: equally distributed among white, black and brown; as the number of pregnancies: multiparous (2±0.97), most of them with a cesarean delivery as obstetric history and possessed no other risk factors associated with pregnancy (94.12%); gave entrance at BHU with 13.65(±7.35) weeks of gestation and had a median of 5(±2.36) consultation on their prenatal care. The examination for toxoplasmosis was requested as recommended by the Health Ministry (HM) and the medication prescribed was Roxamicina® - spiramycin, as soon as the test results (IgM+) arrived. Of the 17 pregnant women, only 10 completed the pre-natal at BHU - attendance at the postpartum consult (58.8%). Of these, the deliveries were vaginal (55.55%), made preterm with 36.5 weeks of gestation at the Municipal Hospital. The babies were born alive (100%) with the weight of 2.68(±0.77) Kg and required special care hospital scope. From the ...

Influência da restrição calórica materna moderada sobre o metabolismo energético em ratos Wistar

Estudos em humanos e animais têm demonstrado que a nutrição inadequada em fase crítica de desenvolvimento, como na gestação, pode causar alterações da prole na vida adulta. Tais estudos levaram à proposição da hipótese de programação fetal, segundo a qual o risco para desenvolver certas doenças é função não apenas da carga genética ou dos hábitos de vida do indivíduo adulto, como também da atuação de fatores ambientais em períodos críticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito tardio da restrição calórica materna moderada (30%), na gestação e/ou lactação sobre o metabolismo energético da prole. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar, sendo os grupos experimentais divididos da seguinte forma: NN (filhotes nascidos de mães normais e colocados em gaiolas com mães do grupo normal na lactação), NR (filhotes nascidos de mães do grupo normal e colocados em gaiolas com mães restritas na lactação), RN (filhotes nascidos de mães restritas na gestação e colocados em gaiolas com mães normais na lactação) e RR (filhotes nascidos de mães restritas na gestação e colocados em gaiolas com mães restritas na lactação). Foram avaliados o peso corporal, a ingestão de alimentos, os depósitos de gordura, o índice de adiposidade, lipídios plasmáticos, gordura hepática e gordura da carcaça.. A restrição nutricional materna provocou alterações significativas tanto em machos quanto em fêmeas no período do desmame, entretanto no início da idade adulta somente os machos apresentaram mudanças mais expressivas no metabolismo energético e no desenvolvimento corpóreo. Houve uma redução no peso corpóreo dos animais machos dos grupos NR, RN e RR (8,9%, 9,0% e 14,2%, respectivamente). No entanto, somente os grupos NR e RR apresentaram diminuição nos teores de gordura hepática e triglicerídeos plasmáticos. O fornecimento de dieta ad libitum na lactação às mães com ...

O amanhã de quem cresce: influências e valores presentes na constituição de projetos de vida de jovens adolescentes de um curso técnico de uma instituição estadual

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Relacionamento amoroso: experiências afetivo-sexuais dos jovens na atualidade

Love experiences have changed along time and have set new meanings, especially for young people. Thus, this qualitative research aimed at understanding the meanings of love relationships, hooking up and dating in the vision of ten adolescents between 17 and 23 years old using a questionnaire. The results revealed that the hooking up is permeated by kisses, fondling and even by sexual intercourse in a short period of time and often through the intermediary of a friend at the time of the conquest. The commitment of dating, on the other hand, is established when love is present in the relationship. Therefore, adolescents revealed that opt for dating, which can begin in the hooking up. However, in the opinion of the participants, the young people's preference nowadays is the hooking up.

Escola e o diálogo sobre corporeidade e educação sexual

The purpose of this work and to provide education professionals regarding the way a reflection of how the body has been seen and treated at school. In view of embodiment and sexuality education body and movement performed by him has received a new treatment in our time, overcoming the dichotomy inherited from the mechanistic paradigm and structured by Newton and Descartes and predominant in recent centuries. We know that these changes are consequences of the emergence of AIDS and the advancement of the incidence of unwanted pregnancies among young people of school age. Therefore, this discussion reinforces the need for training of teachers in promoting discussions about sexuality and corporeality with broader focus, dialogues, be traced paths to address the biopsychosocial aspects from a sociohistorical context of gender equity, respect for sexual diversity, the reduction of prejudice and violence against the so-called “minorities” sex.

Análise do tema bullying em revistas femininas para adolescentes

Practices of violence such as physical and verbal aggression, provocations, humiliations and exclusion that occur mainly among young people in schools are named as bullying and the aim of this qualitative-descriptive study was to investigate how this phenomenon is represented by magazines directed to teenage girls. The analysis was conducted in fifteen articles of four Brazilian magazines: Capricho, Todateen, Atrevida and Yes Teen through thematic categories: 1) Definitions and explanations about bullying; 2) Magazines’ proposals to the confrontation against bullying (2.1 Campaigns and orientations against bullying; 2.2 Advices about how to act in the presence of bullying; 2.3 Examples of “overcoming” to people who suffered bullying and 2.4 Advices given to people who practice bullying). It was identified the presence of hierarchies, stereotypes and the incentive to competition. There is the predominance of normative and excluding patterns, advices that individualize the issue and lack of critical reflection.

Medo, tensão e vergonha: representações negativas de sexualidade na seção sexo da revista Capricho

The magazines destined to the adolescent public are many times searched as a resource of information about sexuality, body, relationships and adolescence. The Capricho magazine is a biweekly feminine magazine directed to teenagers. In this qualitative-descriptive study it was made the content analysis of the section about sex of 18 editions published in 2010 with the aim of identifying and discussing the predominant representations of sexuality. It was identified the predominance of negative representations, like relations between sexuality and fear, tension, shame and beauty imperatives. It can be detached that the feminine sexuality is not approached through its pleasant, positive and health aspects, but through negative representations that, instead of being discussed, are naturalized, put as normal and expected by the magazine’s discourse.

Curso de formação inicial em sexualidade: relato de uma proposta interventiva

The present study aimed to identify the conceptions of students of a Pedagogy course about infantile sexuality and gender relations, checking the needs that they appointed concerning studies about sexuality and sex education in their graduation. Using this information, the authors implemented an interventional course. The instruments used for data collection were two questionnaires. 342 students participated in the first phase of the study, corresponding to the completion of the questionnaire. 38 people participated on the second step – applying the course. The issues they indicated as necessary in their course were: sexuality, sex education, child sexuality, sexual abuse, adolescence and sexuality and disability. Finally, the results of the course were very satisfactory, however, reveals how much we still need to do for training professionals to implement the work of sex education in the school context.