As representações de Justiça no Complexo do Alemão: uma área pacificada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro

O trabalho se refere ao processo e tomada do Complexo do Alemão pelas forças militares na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, para implantação das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP), que aconteceu em novembro de 2010. Tem como objetivo levantar hipóteses sobre a relação do que se entende por Justiça a partir da ocupação da favela pelos militares, e como a convivência com a UPP tem influenciado a ideia de Justiça nos moradores do Alemão. A pesquisa ocupa-se em elucidar ao leitor sobre as abordagens de justiça mais comuns, conceituando e explicando quais os princípios de justiça em que cada uma delas se sustenta. A pesquisa descreve duas teorias que explicam o surgimento das favelas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O Complexo do Alemão é considerado uma das maiores favelas do Rio de Janeiro, e a mais violenta, por isso a tomada da área se deu através do ataque dos militares que utilizaram táticas de guerra e cerco, tiveram o Caveirão como suporte, e assim deram início a invasão. A Rede Globo de Televisão também aparece na pesquisa, pois a emissora ganhou o prêmio Emmy de jornalismo, com a cobertura da invasão no Alemão. Considerando que uma das condições básicas de uma sociedade democrática é o direito a participação nas decisões políticas, sociais e econômicas, as questões investigadas foram: A megaoperação de pacificação no Alemão foi justa? Do ponto de vista de quem? Qual o parâmetro para uma sociedade justa? Qual representação de justiça tem feito parte da rotina dos moradores do Alemão? Por que ainda se tem a ideia de que Bandido bom é bandido morto? As contribuições da pesquisa se deram no campo social, filosófico e político e nos convida a refletir sobre o que é considerado justo em uma sociedade como a nossa, onde as desigualdades sociais são tão fortes.

Statistical analyses to support guidelines for marine avian sampling: Final report. [Digital Supplements A-G attached]

Interest in development of offshore renewable energy facilities has led to a need for high-quality, statistically robust information on marine wildlife distributions. A practical approach is described to estimate the amount of sampling effort required to have sufficient statistical power to identify species specific “hotspots” and “coldspots” of marine bird abundance and occurrence in an offshore environment divided into discrete spatial units (e.g., lease blocks), where “hotspots” and “coldspots” are defined relative to a reference (e.g., regional) mean abundance and/or occurrence probability for each species of interest. For example, a location with average abundance or occurrence that is three times larger the mean (3x effect size) could be defined as a “hotspot,” and a location that is three times smaller than the mean (1/3x effect size) as a “coldspot.” The choice of the effect size used to define hot and coldspots will generally depend on a combination of ecological and regulatory considerations. A method is also developed for testing the statistical significance of possible hotspots and coldspots. Both methods are illustrated with historical seabird survey data from the USGS Avian Compendium Database.

USE OF TSIM IN DIGITAL SIMULATION.

In this paper we shall discuss the use of the TSIM simulation software for modelling large-scale industrial processes. The discussion draws on our recent experience of modelling a large plant in the food-processing industry. We shall focus on those features of software organization and software engineering which proved to be particularly necessary for the execution of this project, and illustrate the extent to which the use of TISM facilitated the implementation of these features. We shall also make some general remarks about the 'life-cycle' of models resulting from projects of this kind.

Wave digital filter model of the entire auditory periphery

A model of the auditory periphery assembled from analog network submodels of all the relevant anatomical structures is described. There is bidirectional coupling between networks representing the outer ear, middle ear and cochlea. A simple voltage source representation of the outer hair cells provides level-dependent basilar membrane curves. The networks are translated into efficient computational modules by means of wave digital filtering. A feedback unit regulates the average firing rate at the output of an inner hair cell module via a simplified modelling of the dynamics of the descending paths to the peripheral ear. This leads to a digital model of the entire auditory periphery with applications to both speech and hearing research.

A closely integrated digital image capture device for embedded applications

A modular image capture system with close integration to CCD cameras has been developed. The aim is to produce a system capable of integrating CCD sensor, image capture and image processing into a single compact unit. This close integration provides a direct mapping between CCD pixels and digital image pixels. The system has been interfaced to a digital signal processor board for the development and control of image processing tasks. These have included characterization and enhancement of noisy images from an intensified camera and measurement to subpixel resolutions. A highly compact form of the image capture system is in an advanced stage of development. This consists of a single FPGA device and a single VRAM providing a two chip image capturing system capable of being integrated into a CCD camera. A miniature compact PC has been developed using a novel modular interconnection technique, providing a processing unit in a three dimensional format highly suited to integration into a CCD camera unit. Work is under way to interface the compact capture system to the PC using this interconnection technique, combining CCD sensor, image capture and image processing into a single compact unit. ©2005 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.