A projektek és a változtatások szerepelméleteinek összehasonlítása (Comparison of role concepts of projects and changes)

A szerzők jelen cikkükben a projektmenedzsment és a változásmenedzsment szakirodalmában olvasható szerepelméleteket hasonlítják össze. A hasonlóságok szembeötlőek, de nem nyilvánvaló, hogy az egyes definíciók pontosan miben egyeznek vagy térnek el egymástól. A két szakterület irodalmában nem találtak ilyen összehasonlító elemzést. Először összehasonlítják a projekt, az elsőfokú (morfostatikus) és a másodfokú (morfogenetikus) változás közkeletű definícióit, hogy körülhatárolhassák a közöttük lévő átfedéseket, ahol egyáltalán van értelme összevetniük a különböző szerepmeghatározásokat. Találnak közöttük átfedést, ahol a különböző szerepdefiníciók egyaránt érvényesek, így összehasonlíthatók egymással. A két szakterület szerepmeghatározásainak tartalmát elemezve teljes egyezések, részleges hasonlóságok és különbségek is találhatók. Legfontosabb megállapításuk az, hogy a tartalmi átfedések és kapcsolódások miatt mindkét szakterület oktatói, kutatói és gyakorlati művelői komoly haszonnal forgathatják a másik terület szerepelméleti szakirodalmát is. ________ This paper compares the role concepts which are in current use in project management and change management literature. The similarities are noticeable at first sight but it is not clear where the domains of the different definitions of the two management disciplines overlap and where they vary from each other significantly. The authors have not found such an interdisciplinary comparison in the literature of the two fields. At first, they compared the widely used definitions of project, first order (or morphostatic) and second order (or morphogenetic) changes to find the overlapping areas where it is reasonable to compare the different role definitions at all. They found an overlapping area where the different role definitions are all valid and the role theories can be compared. The typical project stakeholders are: project sponsor, project manager, project management team, project team, influencers, customer/user, performing organization etc. The typical change roles are: sponsor (initiating and sustaining), agent, target, advocate, facilitator etc. The authors found samenesses, similarities and differences alike between the two sets of roles. The most important conclusion is that the findings enable participants working on these types of activities to rely on both bodies of knowledge properly.

Competencies of a Recreational Food Service Manager

Recreational food service is a newly-identified industry segment. It represents over 3 percent of the total industry and has its own specific competency requirements, in addition to core food service management competency needs. The education, training, and development needs for professionals in this industry segment have not as yet been ascertained. This article is an effort to establish a benchmark for future research in this area.

Integrated Performance Assessment of Engineering Projects at the Interface of Emergent Properties and Uncertainty

Investigation of the performance of engineering project organizations is critical for understanding and eliminating inefficiencies in today’s dynamic global markets. The existing theoretical frameworks consider project organizations as monolithic systems and attribute the performance of project organizations to the characteristics of the constituents. However, project organizations consist of complex interdependent networks of agents, information, and resources whose interactions give rise to emergent properties that affect the overall performance of project organizations. Yet, our understanding of the emergent properties in project organizations and their impact on project performance is rather limited. This limitation is one of the major barriers towards creation of integrated theories of performance assessment in project organizations. The objective of this paper is to investigate the emergent properties that affect the ability of project organization to cope with uncertainty. Based on the theories of complex systems, we propose and test a novel framework in which the likelihood of performance variations in project organizations could be investigated based on the environment of uncertainty (i.e., static complexity, dynamic complexity, and external source of disruption) as well as the emergent properties (i.e., absorptive capacity, adaptive capacity, and restorative capacity) of project organizations. The existence and significance of different dimensions of the environment of uncertainty and emergent properties in the proposed framework are tested based on the analysis of the information collected from interviews with senior project managers in the construction industry. The outcomes of this study provide a novel theoretical lens for proactive bottom-up investigation of performance in project organizations at the interface of emergent properties and uncertainty

Metodologia para gerenciamento de projetos em tecnologia da informação baseada no guia PMBOK: um estudo de caso na Secretaria de Estado da Saúde Pública do Rio Grande do Norte

Nowadays the search for growth makes organizations seeking competitive advantages, project management shares this goal, through techniques that assist in the search for an improved management of the various fields of knowledge through a design methodology. The world is driven by projects and the search for ways to better manage activities such as time, cost and term towards the success of a particular project is something constant. A major contribution that IT can make to the health sector is the support for the management area. IT can integrate processes, optimize the interconnection between the various sectors, make hospitals have access to inside information of good quality, as well as support in the healthcare area, sharing pictures, uniting the various aspects of nursing and nursing service. The major challenge faced by the SESAP Information Technology sector at present is in project management in IT , which does not exist makes investments in the area are increasingly difficult due to this deficiency in management develop their own systems without cost additional to the State. This study seeks to build and strengthen the Project Management within the Department of Health through the implementation of a project office that will manage the final result of this work methodology based on PMBOK, and still show the functionality applied to development the state Hospital Management System that will later be installed on all Regional Health Units and proposing measures for the sustainability and development of the sector amid the difficulties of the current public service. Such action will result in a savings of more than R$ 107,000.00 (one hundred seven thousand) regarding spending private software currently used by the assignment of invested by the State of Rio Grande do Norte user licenses, representing more than 5 % of the total budget of the State Department of Public Health of the State

Escritório de projetos: proposta para implantação em uma empresa aeroportuária

Given the growth demand for air transport allied to the need of adequacy of the infrastructure of the airports the need arises for the elaboration and Project Deployment enhancements to to the administrative management with efficiency and effectiveness of processes. The present dissertation aims to develop an organizational and operational proposal to management improvement projects an airport midsize business. The state of art literature contemplated the following topics: project management, project office; improvement approaches; improvement projects and technical and support improvement projects and project management tools. The research method is characterized as a case study of a qualitative nature. The validation of the proposal was carried out through a focus group with the participation twelve representatives of the administrative areas of an airport-sized Brazilian midfielder with the objective of validate the proposed organizational structure and operational procedures and to identify the barriers to implementation of the proposal. The result of the work presents an proposed considering the integration of the project office with the organizational structure of the administration, the conception of the project office, operating procedures and the directives for implementation

Gestão de projetos: aplicação numa empresa de serviços de consultoria estudo de caso da capgemini Portugal

A gestão de projetos tem ganho preponderância nas organizações ao longo dos últimos anos. As abordagens organizativas de gestão de projetos, ao contrário das tradicionais, permitem integrar esforços complexos e reduzir o nível de burocracia, dando respostas mais efetivas e adequadas às elevadas exigências dos clientes, que frequentemente se traduzem em solicitações de alterações no decorrer da execução dos projetos. Face ao exposto e tendo em consideração que o core business da empresa facilitadora do estágio curricular do Mestrado em Gestão da Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão (ESTG) do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria (IPL) é a Capgemini Portugal, que se dedica à prestação de serviços de Consultoria, Tecnologia e Outsourcing e adota o modelo de gestão de projetos, atribuindo especial atenção à gestão de alterações, como área chave para o desenvolvimento de projetos bem-sucedidos, o presente relatório de estágio abordará essa temática. Assim, com base na observação participativa e na execução de tarefas de estágio na Capgemini Portugal, entre o mês de setembro de 2015 e o mês de janeiro de 2016, desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso sobre a aplicação do modelo de gestão de projetos na empresa, particularmente no processo de gestão de alterações. Adicionalmente, foi sugerida uma proposta com soluções de melhoria baseadas em abordagens de referência. Para o efeito, foi realizada uma revisão da bibliografia publicada sobre gestão de projetos, que serviu de suporte à realização de um estudo empírico baseado na aplicação da metodologia de trabalho científico indutivo. Assim, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de campo de natureza qualitativa, onde a recolha de dados foi efetuada por observação participativa, de uma entrevista semi-estruturada, da análise de documentos facilitados pela empresa e de conteúdos de páginas da internet. Concluiu-se que o tratamento de alterações num projeto é um processo crucial da gestão de projetos e deve ser abordado com extrema minúcia. A Capgemini detém uma metodologia própria de gestão de projetos que lhe permite monitorizar e controlar todos os fatores associados a um projeto.

Sensemaking, safety, and situated communities in (con)temporary networks

This paper discusses the difficulties involved in managing knowledge-intensive, multinational, multiorganisational, and multifunctional project networks. The study is based on a 2-year quasi-ethnography of one such network engaged in the design and development of a complex new process control system for an existing pharmaceutical plant in Ireland. The case describes how, drawing upon the organisational heritage of the corporations involved and the logic implicit within their global partnership arrangements, the project was initially structured in an aspatial manner that underestimated the complexity of the development process and the social relations required to support it. Following dissatisfaction with initial progress, a number of critical management interventions were made, which appeared to contribute to a recasting of the network ontology that facilitated the cultivation and protection of more appropriate communicative spaces. The case emphasises the need to move away from rationalistic assumptions about communication processes within projects of this nature, towards a richer conceptualisation of such enterprises as involving collective sensemaking activities within and between situated ‘communities’ of actors. Contrary to much contemporary writing, the paper argues that space and location are of crucial importance to our understanding of network forms of organising.

Reviewing mHealth in developing countries: A stakeholder perspective

Infrastructural deficiencies, limited access to medicare, and shortage of health care workers are just a few of the barriers to health care in developing countries. As a consequence, the burden of disease and its impact on the livelihoods and the economic productivity of people are staggering. mHealth has been extolled as one possible solution to overcoming these challenges, yet discussion of mHealth systems is often limited to specific tasks and user groups. To address this, we adopt a stakeholder perspective and analyze existing research on the mHealth process in developing countries. Specifically, we focus on three key stakeholder groups, i.e. healthcare workers, patients, and system developers. We perform an in-depth analysis of 60 peer-reviewed studies to determine the extent to which different mHealth stakeholder interactions are researched, and to identify high-level themes emerging within these interactions. This analysis illustrates two key gaps in existing mHealth research. First, while interactions involving healthcare workers and/or patients have received significant attention, relatively little research has looked at the role of patient-to-patient interactions. Second, the interactions between system developers and the other stakeholder groups are strikingly under-represented. We conclude by calling for more mHealth research that explicitly addresses these stakeholder interactions.