Formação docente para a inserção da história e filosofia da ciência no ensino: textos histórico-pedagógicos em discussão

The present dissertation focuses on specific problems in the educational context: challenges in the construction of historical narratives for pedagogical use as well as the difficult task of using them in the classroom. In this context, we seek to work in teacher training for insertion of History and Philosophy of Science (HPS) in classroom, and historical narratives become mediation elements to advance the dialogue with this specific audience. This initiative is in line with a recurring concern: one of the main challenges related to the didactic transposition of HFC would be the lack of teacher preparation. Historical contents and Nature of Science are still absent in classrooms. Insecurity and lack of knowledge by teachers are often mentioned as factors that contribute to this situation. It is important, therefore, that teachers (active and in training) take part in discussions concerning the inclusion of HPS in classroom. It is relevant that they know examples of historic-philosophical didactic proposals to address science and contents on science, develop skills to adapt them to their specific contexts and to develop their own proposals. It is believed that these issues are significant to undertake conscious initiatives to insert HPS in classrooms. It is considered that adapting educational proposals to particular educational contexts depends on understanding what these proposals indeed mean and how flexible they can be. In order to address these objectives, we elaborated an educational product, a didactic material focused on teacher training, which was used in an extension course at UFRN. The didactic material discusses the role of HPS in Education, Nature of Science and historiographical issues. It presents a series of dialogical activities on aspects of didactic transposition of HPS, especially those regarding historical narratives. A set of historicpedagogical texts on the History of Vacuum and Atmospheric Pressure is used as a mediation element in discussions. We address potential, possibilities and limitations historical narratives. To carry out the course, it was taken into account methodological concerns of so-called action research. There have been expected changes, modifications and effective actions in the own teacher training material in face of the experience of the researcher-lecturer in interactions with the participants of the course as well as in face of impressions reported by the participants. Developments in this direction have been incorporated into the teacher training material.

O eterno retorno como paródia e como colagem na filosofia da diferença de Gilles Deleuze

Gilles Deleuze hás commented on many philosophers, but his relationship with Nietzsche plays a singular role in his thought: appropriating the concept of the “eternal return” to think the central axis of his thesis, Difference and repetition (1968). Terms “difference” and “repetition” appeared associated to eternal return in his Nietzsche and philosophy (1962). Our dissertation thesis analyzes the presentations of that concept in bothworks. Chapter one presents the style construction and critical, methodological aspects of Nietzschean philosophy, fundamental elements to understand Deleuze’s interpretation. It subsequently analyzes the first presentation of that concept, expressed in the following terms: the aesthetic existence, either innocent or justified from the figure of game. We will see how the image of game implies another concept of chance, that leads Deleuze to think of an affirmative philosophical “type”, capable of creating new values. Chapter two evaluates the existential, “ethical-selective”, “physicalcosmological” character of the concept of eternal return, as much as the difficulties it imposes upon Nietzsche’s interpreter. We present afterwards Deleuzian comprehension of eternal return as a “parody” or a “simulacrum of doctrine”. Chapter three analyzes that interpretive position as a transvaluation of values from a rearrange of perspectives in order to overcome the negative comprehensions of existence. We want to question the way Deleuze builds another image of thought from the concept of eternal return – an image that, by a sort of “colagem” and selective elimination of the negativity, proposes a historiographic work and unfolds a lineage of thinkers of immanence and difference, a detour from the thought of identity, the same and the similar. We want thus to understand Deleuze’s critique of “dogmatic image of thought”.

O eterno retorno como paródia e como colagem na filosofia da diferença de Gilles Deleuze

Gilles Deleuze hás commented on many philosophers, but his relationship with Nietzsche plays a singular role in his thought: appropriating the concept of the “eternal return” to think the central axis of his thesis, Difference and repetition (1968). Terms “difference” and “repetition” appeared associated to eternal return in his Nietzsche and philosophy (1962). Our dissertation thesis analyzes the presentations of that concept in bothworks. Chapter one presents the style construction and critical, methodological aspects of Nietzschean philosophy, fundamental elements to understand Deleuze’s interpretation. It subsequently analyzes the first presentation of that concept, expressed in the following terms: the aesthetic existence, either innocent or justified from the figure of game. We will see how the image of game implies another concept of chance, that leads Deleuze to think of an affirmative philosophical “type”, capable of creating new values. Chapter two evaluates the existential, “ethical-selective”, “physicalcosmological” character of the concept of eternal return, as much as the difficulties it imposes upon Nietzsche’s interpreter. We present afterwards Deleuzian comprehension of eternal return as a “parody” or a “simulacrum of doctrine”. Chapter three analyzes that interpretive position as a transvaluation of values from a rearrange of perspectives in order to overcome the negative comprehensions of existence. We want to question the way Deleuze builds another image of thought from the concept of eternal return – an image that, by a sort of “colagem” and selective elimination of the negativity, proposes a historiographic work and unfolds a lineage of thinkers of immanence and difference, a detour from the thought of identity, the same and the similar. We want thus to understand Deleuze’s critique of “dogmatic image of thought”.

Quando fé e gestão se encontram: compreendendo uma ONG de filosofia protestante sob as lentes da prática e do Sensemaking

We find in Brazil the reality of religious pluralism. From the end of XIX century until now, the religious scenario became more diversified in a process of acceptance and legitimation of different religions. In the same period, the Third Sector was largely developed up until its current form: complex, broad and plural as well. In this context, we find non profitable organizations that provide services under a religious phylosophy. One in particular, placed in Uberlândia-MG, protestant, has the fearures of a big company and is the largest one among the ones that provide social services and receive public funds in the city: Missão Luz. Thinking about the organization, some questions came to mind: is there a noticeable influence of the religious orientation on practices? How do managers understand and make sense of their practices? Adopting Chanlat’s (1996) concept of management mode, the perspective proposed by the Practice Based Studies (GHERARDI, 2013) and the sensemaking studies (WEICK, 1995), I developed a research that intended to understand Missão Luz’ management practices. Three sources of data were used – documents, shadowing and interviews – to understand, in the most complete way, organization’s management practices, using managers’ perspective. Results pointed to a noticeable relation between faith and management. Ten practices were identified among managers: council decisions, appreciation for excellence, respect for authority figures, giving second chances to employees, desire to be a reference, results quantification, search for professionalization, organization, formalization and standardization. The first five practices were heavily influenced by religious principles, and the five last were influenced by instrumental rationality, usually found in the Second Sector. It was noticed that faith was also related to those last practices, justifying them for their contribution for achieving excellence e consequent action of glorifying God. Practices are maintained e passed by the cultivation of the Mission’s DNA, an organization’s way of doing things, and by the belief of the role of the leader maintaining this DNA. Associated to practices, sensemaking moments were analyzed, situations where there order was disrupted and managers had to make sense e act on this understanding. These situations were divided in three themes: “fly the flag of the company”, changes in schools’ management and God’s purpose and sovereignty. The paper is finished with some suggestions for future researches.

Aprendizaje, intereses coloniales y sociedad. Los viajes de la fragata de guerra Alceste de la Marina Francesa por Canarias, 1881-1883

La singular ubicación de las Islas Canarias en la ruta atlántica utilizada por las potencias europeas en el recorrido hacia sus colonias durante el siglo xix llevó a una estrecha relación de la sociedad canaria con países como Reino Unido, Alemania o Francia. El país galo mostró un especial interés por contar con bases marítimas en las Islas. Los distintos viajes de la fragata Alceste comandada por el almirante De Cuverville durante los años 1881 a 1883 muestran la importante situación estratégica de las Islas, las claras intenciones de la nación francesa para con ellas y la aceptación social canaria.

Melhoria de uma linha de montagem pela aplicação da filosofia Lean

Este relatório descreve o desenvolvimento de um projecto de melhoria numa linha de montagem de autocarros, numa das empresas do Grupo Salvador Caetano: a CaetanoBus. Sustentado teoricamente pelos pressupostos da filosofia lean, o projecto visou sobretudo uma organização mais eficiente dos recursos humanos e materiais, de modo a alcançar uma redução do lead time e, por conseguinte, uma diminuição simultânea de desperdícios associados ao processo e do número de colaboradores afectos a determinado modelo de autocarro. A metodologia adoptada envolveu fundamentalmente operações relativas ao estudo de tempos, balanceamento e estabelecimento de standard works. Por outro lado, outros conceitos associados ao lean, como kaizen e yamazum chart, integraram igualmente a linha estruturante de pensamento que orientou o campo das acções. Um plano de melhorias baseado no uso das ferramentas lean sugere ganhos produtivos, muito embora o término da produção do modelo, alvo de análise, tivesse impedido a sua confirmação prática nesta matéria.

Unas «cartas de Francia» de Josep Pla en Destino : Aproximación a la IV República francesa en los inicios de la Guerra de Argelia

This article means a first approach to the information given to its readers by the magazine Destino about the France of the IV French Republic, exactly during Pierre Mendès-France´s term in 1954, and having its origin in four articles published by the journalist and writer Josep Pla just when the Algeria conflict started. That information was determined by the obsessive anti-communist editorial policy of the aforementioned charismatic publication of the francoist Spain.

Contributo da filosofia Lean na redução do custo de uma peça metálica

Num mercado cada vez mais exigente e competitivo, torna-se imprescindível que as organizações otimizem continuamente os seus sistemas produtivos. Muitas têm visto nas filosofias e práticas Lean e Kaizen as respostas para conseguirem produzir mais sem acrescentar recursos, e de forma mais rápida, mais eficaz e mais eficiente. O envolvimento da empresa numa cultura de melhoria contínua orientada para o cliente permite a criação de valor em todas as etapas, tornando-a mais flexível e competitiva. Essa transformação cultural, aliada à aplicação de ferramentas Lean e Kaizen, permitem melhorar o desempenho global da organização, reduzindo os custos através do combate aos inibidores de performance: os desperdícios, os paradigmas, a inflexibilidade e a variabilidade. No presente trabalho pretende-se mostrar a aplicabilidade de algumas destas ferramentas no processo produtivo de um componente metálico para a indústria mobiliária, assim como os ganhos alcançados com esta abordagem. Ao longo de todo o projeto foram usadas diversas ferramentas Lean Manufacturing como organização do posto de trabalho (5S), Gestão Visual, troca rápida de ferramentas (SMED), mapeamento da cadeia de valor (VSM) e alterações de layouts (com recurso ao software Arena e AutoCad para estudar a alteração mais eficiente que permitisse uma maior produtividade com menor quantidade de recursos). Também se mostra igualmente a importância dos colaboradores no processo de mudança, através das iniciativas Kaizen, do programa de sugestões, dos inquéritos de satisfação e das ações de formação, para que eles se sintam parte integrante da organização.

(re)Pensar as aprendizagens à luz de uma nova filosofia educacional

Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frasinetti para a obtenção de grau de mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e em Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

La utilización de la literatura francesa para la sesibilización en los valores lasallistas, en los estudiantes de noveno semestre del énfasis en francés III de La Universidad de La Salle

Tesis (Licenciado en Lenguas Castellana, Inglés y Francés).--Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias de La Educación. Licenciatura en Lengua Castellana, Inglés y Francés, 2014

O pensamento pedagógico de Paulo Freire à luz da filosofia da educação

Propomo-nos analisar neste artigo o pensamento pedagógico de Paulo Freire na ótica da filosofia da educação. Entendendo-se esta área de saber, simultaneamente, como reflexão tanto das problemáticas educacionais (no plano epistemológico e hermenêutico) como das problemáticas educativas (dimensão ética e antropológica) presentes no discurso pedagógico de Paulo Freire, a nossa análise assentará numa circularidade epistemo-antropológica deste pensamento. Dito de outra forma, é nossa intenção caracterizar a relação estreita que estabelecem entre si uma epistemologia da práxis e uma antropologia dialógica no pensamento pedagógico deste grande educador.

La bande dessinée como una herramienta didáctica que promueve la motivación y el desarrollo de la habilidad escrita en el aprendizaje de la lengua francesa

Tesis (Licenciado en Lenguas Castellana, Inglés y Francés).--Universidad de La Salle. Facultad de Ciencias de La Educación. Licenciatura en Lengua Castellana, Inglés y Francés, 2014

Filosofia da educação tecnológica : tecnologia e educação tecnológica

Académico - Licenciaturas

”Sillä sinä kasvatat filosofia, kilvoittelijaa ja taivaan kansalaista” ‒ Kasvattajat, kasvatuksen menetelmät ja päämäärät kirkkoisä Johannes Khrysostomoksen (349–407) mukaan

Pro gradu -tutkielmani aiheena on kirkkoisä Johannes Khrysostomoksen (349–407) käsitykset lastenkasvatuksesta. Kyseessä on temaattinen tutkimus, jonka olen jakanut lastenkasvatuksen kolmeen käsiteltävään teemaan: kasvattajiin, kasvatusmenetelmiin ja kasvatuksen päämääriin. Ajallisesti tutkimus rajoittuu 300-luvun viimeisille vuosikymmenille ja 400-luvun alkuun, jolloin Khrysostomos toimi kirkon työssä ja kirjoitti saarnoja, jotka ovat tutkimukseni päälähteitä. Paikallinen rajaus tulee Khrysostomoksen vaikutusalueista, Antiokiasta ja Konstantinopolista. Ajallisesti ja paikallisesti tutkimuksessa teen kuitenkin vertailuja myös laajemmin. Tutkimukseni yksi lähtökohdista onkin tutkia ajallista jatkumoa ja toisaalta muutoksia. Myös paikallisesti vertailen Khrysostomoksen ajatuksia läntisten vaikuttajien näkemyksiin. Varsinaisesti vertailevasta tutkimuksesta ei kuitenkaan ole kyse, vaan Khrysostomos on tutkimukseni keskiössä. Muiden kirjoittajien teksteillä luon kontekstia tutkimukseeni. Khrysostomos korosti teksteissään, erityisesti päälähteessäni eli hänen kasvatusohjeissaan, vanhempien merkitystä kasvattajina. Hän antoi ohjeita erityisesti hengelliseen kasvattamiseen, jossa molemmilla vanhemmilla oli tehtävänsä. Sukupuolirooleilla oli merkitystä kasvatuksessa. Pojat olivat erityisesti isän kasvatuksen alaisia, tyttäret äidin. Sukupuoli vaikutti kasvatukseen myös sikäli, että odotukset tulevista sukupuolirooleista olivat erilaiset tytöillä ja pojilla. Tytöistä kasvatettiin yleensä tulevia vaimoja ja perheenäitejä, jotka huolehtisivat kotitaloudesta, pojista aviomiehiä ja perheenisiä, joiden vastuulla koko perheen talous olisi. Sukupuolirooleja tärkeämpää Khrysostomokselle oli kuitenkin kasvatuksen hengellinen päämäärä. Niin pojista kuin tytöistä tuli kasvattaa kristillisiä aikuisia, jotka kävisivät kirkossa ja lukisivat Raamattua. Hengelliseen kasvatukseen kuului Raamatun tarinoiden opettamista, Raamatun henkilöiden asettamista esikuviksi sekä kristillisten arvojen välittämistä lapsille. Moni asia oli kuitenkin säilynyt samanlaisena kuin jo pakanallisen antiikin ajalla. Edelleen kuritusta käytettiin kasvatuksessa samoin kuin palkitsemista. Myös ajatus vanhempien omasta esimerkillisyydestä oli jo monilla antiikin kirjoittajilla läsnä. Kaiken ytimessä oli kristinusko. Sen tuli näkyä kasvatuksessa, kuten kaikilla muillakin elämänalueilla. Toisaalta hengellinen kasvu kesti läpi elämän.

Filosofia da educação tecnológica : currículo e método em educação tecnológica

Académico - Licenciaturas