O corpo sem orgãos da arquitectura

Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em Filosofia (área de especialização: Estética)

A Arquitectura Religiosa Gótica em Portugal no Século XIV: o Tempo dos Experimentalismos

Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em História da Arte Medieval

O Castelo do Alandroal - uma perspectiva através da arqueologia da arquitectura

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arqueologia

A Torre de S. Sebastião de Caparica e a arquitectura militar do tempo de D. João II

Apenas disponível índice e prefácio da obra

O Castelo de Alenquer. O contributo da arqueologia da arquitectura

A fortificação de Alenquer, localizada na estremadura portuguesa, é um dos castelos de época medieval que fez parte do sistema defensivo do reino e de Lisboa. Os trabalhos anteriormente efetuados sobre este sítio, circunscreveram-se à análise histórica, alimentada pelo facto de ter sido um castelo pertencente ao património das rainhas. As intervenções arqueológicas realizadas por Hipólito Cabaço, na década de 20 e de 30 do século XX, poucos dados trouxeram que permitam uma melhor compreensão do castelo em termos da sua funcionalidade, arquitetura e cronologia. Não obstante, traduziram-se num precioso apoio à definição das estruturas existentes. O presente trabalho pretende utilizar uma das ferramentas da arqueologia, a arqueologia da arquitetura, de forma a tentar compreender a evolução arquitetónica, bem como os modos construtivos utilizados nas várias fases da vida deste castelo. A área de estudo limitou-se à alcáçova, pois trata-se de uma das zonas menos investigadas. Curiosamente, esta parte central do castelo não foi sujeita a nenhuma reconstrução no âmbito da recuperação dos castelos efetuada pela Direcção-Geral dos Edifícios e Monumentos Nacionais na década de 40 do século passado, que apenas interviu na área circundante à Porta da Conceição. Pretende-se assim com a presente dissertação desvendar um pouco mais da história deste estrutura militar que tem sido tão negligenciada ao longo dos tempos. Contribuir para o seu conhecimento é impedir que o seu abandono, e que não caia no esquecimento.

Sustained competitive advantage of different sized multinational corporations in rural base of the pyramid markets

This thesis explores how multinational corporations of different sizes create barriers to imitation and therefore sustain competitive advantage in rural and informal Base of the Pyramid economies. These markets require close cooperation with local partners in a dynamic environment that lacks imposable property rights and follows a different rationale than developed markets. In order to explore how competitive advantage is sustained by different sized multinational corporations at the Base of the Pyramid, the natural-resource-based view and the dynamic capabilities perspective are integrated. Based on this integration the natural-resource-based view is extended by identifying critical dynamic capabilities that are assumed to be sources of competitive advantage at the Base of the Pyramid. Further, a contrasting case study explores how the identified dynamic capabilities are protected and their competitive advantage is sustained by isolating mechanisms that create barriers to imitation for a small to medium sized and a large multinational corporation. The case study results give grounds to assume that most resource-based isolating mechanisms create barriers to imitation that are fairly high for large and established multinational corporations that operate at the rural Base of the Pyramid and have a high product and business model complexity. On the contrary, barriers to imitation were found to be lower for young and small to medium sized multinational corporations with low product and business model complexity that according to some authors represent the majority of rural Base of the Pyramid companies. Particularly for small to medium sized multinational corporations the case study finds a relationship- and transaction-based unwillingness of local partners to act opportunistically rather than a resource-based inability to imitate. By offering an explanation of sustained competitive advantage for small to medium sized multinational corporations at the rural Base of the Pyramid this thesis closes an important research gap and recommends to include institutional and transaction-based research perspectives.

High fat versus high carbohydrate nutritional supplementation: a one year trial in stunted rural Gambian children.

OBJECTIVE: The study tests the hypothesis that a low daily fat intake may induce a negative fat balance and impair catch-up growth in stunted children between 3 and 9y of age. DESIGN: Randomized case-control study. SETTING: Three rural villages of the West Kiang District, The Gambia. SUBJECTS: Three groups of 30 stunted but not wasted children (height for age z-score < or = -2.0, weight for height z-score > or = -2.0) 3-9 y of age were selected by anthropometric survey. Groups were matched for age, sex, village, degree of stunting and season. INTERVENTION: Two groups were randomly assigned to be supplemented five days a week for one year with either a high fat (n = 29) or a high carbohydrate biscuit (n = 30) each containing approximately 1600 kJ. The third group was a non supplemented control group (n = 29). Growth, nutritional status, dietary intake, resting energy expenditure and morbidity were compared. RESULTS: Neither the high fat nor the high carbohydrate supplement had an effect on weight or height gain. The high fat supplement did slightly increase adipose tissue mass. There was no effect of supplementation on resting energy expenditure or morbidity. In addition, the annual growth rate was not associated with a morbidity score. CONCLUSIONS: Results show that neither a high fat nor a high carbohydrate supplement given during 12 months to stunted Gambian children induced catch-up growth. The authors suggest that an adverse effect of the environment on catch-up growth persists despite the nutritional interventions.

Prevalence of ragweed allergy in rural Geneva - a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of ragweed allergy is increasing worldwide. Ragweed distribution and abundance is spreading in Europe in a wide area ranging from the Rhone valley in France to Hungary and Ukraine, where the rate of the prevalence can peak at as high as 12%. Low-grade ragweed colonisation was seen in Geneva and Ticino, less than two decades ago. There were fears that allergies to ragweed would increase Switzerland. The intent of this study was to assess the rate of prevalence of sensitisation and allergy to ragweed in the population living in the first rural Swiss setting where ragweed had been identified in 1996, and to evaluate indirectly the efficacy of elimination and containment strategies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 2009, 35 adults in a rural village in the Canton of Geneva were recruited. Data were collected by means of questionnaires and skin-prick tests were done on each participant. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee. RESULTS: Based on questionnaires, 48.6% had rhinitis (95% confidence interval [CI] 32.9-64.4; n = 17/35) and 17.1% asthma (95% CI 8.1-32.6; n = 6/35). Atopy was diagnosed in 26.4% (95% CI 12.9-44.4) of the sample (n = 9/34). Ragweed sensitisation was found in 2.9% (95% CI 0.7-19.7; n = 1/34), mugwort sensitisation in 2.9% (95% CI 0.1-14.9; n = 1/35), alder sensitisation in 17.1% (95% CI 6.6-33.6; n = 6/35), ash sensitisation in 12.5% (95% CI 3.5-29.0; n = 4/32) and grass sensitisation in 22.9% (95% CI 10.4-40.1; n = 8/35). Ragweed (95% CI 0.1-14.9; n = 1/34) and mugwort allergies (95% CI 0.1-14.9; n = 1/35) were both found in 2.9% of the population. CONCLUSION: This study showed a surprisingly low incidence of ragweed sensitisation and allergy, of 2.9% and 2.9%, respectively, 20 years after the first ragweed detection in Geneva. The feared rise in ragweed allergy seems not to have happened in Switzerland, compared with other ragweed colonised countries. These results strongly support early field strategies against ragweed.