复合材料及其结构的力学进展（第二册）

量纲分析

量纲分析是一门非常值得研究和学习的知识，它是探讨科学规律，解决科学和工程的一个有效的工具。熟练掌握量纲分析应当是科学和技术工作者应有的基本训练。
本书内容包括：量纲分析的基本概念；量纲分析在熟知的力学现象中的应用；量纲分析在某些经典的力学问题中的应用以及郑哲敏先生的研究集体近三四十年中在爆炸力学诸多的应用实例等几个部分。 

水动力学讲义手稿

水动力学讲义手稿》是1958年钱学森先生在清华大学给第一届力学研究班学员讲授《水动力学》课程用的备课笔记。钱先生选材简赅精切，遴的内容具有基础性、经典性，整个手稿清晰耐读，详略得体，推演细腻，覆盖全面。
《水动力学讲义手稿》可供科技人员、教研人员及广大师生研究和学习之用。

Ostseehering (Clupea harengus) - eine Rohwarenressource für die deutsche Fischwirtschaft?

Baltic Sea herring is a traditional raw material for the German fish processing industry and the fresh fish market. This applies also for the spring herring of the spawning population of the waters around the island of Rügen. Reduction of the fat content to about 5 % during the spawning cycle limits the processing possibilities of mature herring from this area. Failures in taste and odour (tainting), a common problem of the past have not been detected in the last 3 years. Infestation by nematodes are comparable to other herring stocks and contamination levels of organic and inorganic contaminants are well below allowable limits. The annual German fishing quota of about 85000 t of Baltic Sea herring is now utilised only to 10 %. For a stronger utilization of this stock as in the 70th and 80th , there are scarcely prerequisites. The project of a central processing plant on the island Rügen for about 50000 t of herring as raw material is not realistic. The answer to the question asked at the beginning of this article, whether Baltic Sea herring represents a raw material for the German fish processing industry, is YES, dispite some restrictions.

Civil framework of the Internet : Law n°. 12.965, of April 23, 2014, which establishes the principles, guarantees, rights and duties for use of the Internet in Brazil

Traz atualizado o texto do Marco Civil Brasileiro da Internet, a Lei nº 12.965, de 23 de abril de 2014.

Fish transplantation as an ecological tool in boosting fish production: Tiga case study

The paper discusses the status of the Tiga Reservoir Fishery pre-and Clupeid transplantation. This was achieved by examining the species diversity, abundance and distribution with mitigating factors. It concludes with a verdict on the achievement of the transplantation exercise

Improving the biological activity of pyrrole-imidazole polyamides

DNA is nature’s blueprint, holding within it the genetic code that defines the structure and function of an organism. A complex network of DNA-binding proteins called transcription factors can largely control the flow of information from DNA, so modulating the function of transcription factors is a promising approach for treating many diseases. Pyrrole-imidazole (Py-Im) polyamides are a class of DNA-binding oligomers, which can be synthetically programmed to bind a target sequence of DNA. Due to their unique shape complementarity and a series of favorable hydrogen bonding interactions that occur upon DNA-binding, Py-Im polyamides can bind to the minor groove of DNA with affinities comparable to transcription factors. Previous studies have demonstrated that these cell-permeable small molecules can enter cell nuclei and disrupt the transcription factor-DNA interface, thereby repressing transcription. As the use of Py-Im polyamides has significant potential as a type of modular therapeutic platform, the need for polyamides with extremely favorable biological properties and high potency will be essential. Described herein, a variety of studies have been performed aimed at improving the biological activity of Py-Im polyamides. To improve the biological potency and cellular uptake of these compounds, we have developed a next-generation class of polyamides bearing aryl-turn moieties, a simple structural modification that allows significant improvements in cellular uptake. This strategy was also applied to a panel of high-affinity cyclic Py-Im polyamides, again demonstrating the remarkable effect minor structural changes can have on biological activity. The solubility properties of Py-Im polyamides and use of formulating reagents with their treatment have also been examined. Finally, we describe the study of Py-Im polyamides as a potential artificial transcription factor.

Enhancing Kerr nonlinearity via spontaneously generated coherence

A theoretical investigation is carried out into the effect of spontaneously generated coherence on the Kerr nonlinearity of general three-level systems of Lambda, ladder, and V-shape types. It is found, with spontaneously generated coherence present, that the Kerr nonlinearity can be clearly enhanced. In the Lambda- and ladder-type systems, the maximal Kerr nonlinearity increases and at the same time enters the electromagnetically induced transparency window as the spontaneously generated coherence intensifies. As for the V-type system, the absorption property is significantly modified and therefore enhanced Kerr nonlinearity without absorption occurs for certain probe detunings. We attribute the enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity mainly to the presence of an extra atomic coherence induced by the spontaneously generated coherence.

Role of women in fish food security and poverty alleviation

The notions about women been limited to producing children like rates alone; cooking for the family, restricted within the fenced compound without any meaningful contributions in fish food production was dispelled during the course of the study. From the data gathered, the study revealed various contributions of women as regard fish food production as about 2% of the women are involved in direct fishing as this enhance food security of the family and the society. Also women dominate the entire post harvest and marketing sector and 70% started fishing business with their personal savings.Also, some of the women own boats and other fishing inputs, which they do give to the fishermen that could catch the fish and sell it to them. This has a way of enhancing fish catch and fish food security of the people as those men that would have sit idle for lack of fishing gears are now meaningfully engaged courtesy of the women financiers. Finally, the study also revealed that 46% of the women between N2,5000 to above N4,000 from marketing of fish, and also utilizenthe income generated to enhance the welfare of the households in the area of food, clothing and paying their children school fees hence reducing the level of poverty of their households

The short-timescale behavior of glacial ice

Glaciers are often assumed to deform only at slow (i.e., glacial) rates. However, with the advent of high rate geodetic observations of ice motion, many of the intricacies of glacial deformation on hourly and daily timescales have been observed and quantified. This thesis explores two such short timescale processes: the tidal perturbation of ice stream motion and the catastrophic drainage of supraglacial meltwater lakes. Our investigation into the transmission length-scale of a tidal load represents the first study to explore the daily tidal influence on ice stream motion using three-dimensional models. Our results demonstrate both that the implicit assumptions made in the standard two-dimensional flow-line models are inherently incorrect for many ice streams, and that the anomalously large spatial extent of the tidal influence seen on the motion of some glaciers cannot be explained, as previously thought, through the elastic or viscoelastic transmission of tidal loads through the bulk of the ice stream. We then discuss how the phase delay between a tidal forcing and the ice stream’s displacement response can be used to constrain in situ viscoelastic properties of glacial ice. Lastly, for the problem of supraglacial lake drainage, we present a methodology for implementing linear viscoelasticity into an existing model for lake drainage. Our work finds that viscoelasticity is a second-order effect when trying to model the deformation of ice in response to a meltwater lake draining to a glacier’s bed. The research in this thesis demonstrates that the first-order understanding of the short-timescale behavior of naturally occurring ice is incomplete, and works towards improving our fundamental understanding of ice behavior over the range of hours to days.

Earthquake geology of Myanmar

This thesis describes the active structures of Myanmar and its surrounding regions, and the earthquake geology of the major active structures. Such investigation is needed urgently for this rapidly developing country that has suffered from destructive earthquakes in its long history. To archive a better understanding of the regional active tectonics and the seismic potential in the future, we utilized a global digital elevation model and optical satellite imagery to describe geomorphologic evidence for the principal neotectonic features of the western half of the Southeast Asia mainland. Our investigation shows three distinct active structural systems that accommodate the oblique convergence between the Indian plate and Southeast Asia and the extrusion of Asian territory around the eastern syntaxis of the Himalayan mountain range. Each of these active deformation belts can be further separated into several neotectonic domains, in which structures show distinctive active behaviors from one to another.

In order to better understand the behaviors of active structures, we focused on the active characteristics of the right-lateral Sagaing fault and the oblique subducting northern Sunda megathrust in the second part of this thesis. The detailed geomorphic investigations along these two major plate-interface faults revealed the recent slip behavior of these structures, and plausible recurrence intervals of major seismic events. We also documented the ground deformation of the 2011 Tarlay earthquake in remote eastern Myanmar from remote sensing datasets and post-earthquake field investigations. The field observation and the remote sensing measurements of surface ruptures of the Tarlay earthquake are the first study of this kind in the Myanmar region.

Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation: insights, application toward cyclopentanoid and cycloheptanoid molecules, and the total synthesis of several daucane sesquiterpenes

The asymmetric construction of quaternary stereocenters is a topic of great interest in the organic chemistry community given their prevalence in natural products and biologically active molecules. Over the last decade, the Stoltz group has pursued the synthesis of this challenging motif via a palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation using chiral phosphinooxazoline (PHOX) ligands. Recent results indicate that the alkylation of lactams and imides consistently proceeds with enantioselectivities substantially higher than any other substrate class previously examined in this system. This observation prompted exploration of the characteristics that distinguish these molecules as superior alkylation substrates, resulting in newfound insights and marked improvements in the allylic alkylation of carbocyclic compounds.

General routes to cyclopentanoid and cycloheptanoid core structures have been developed that incorporate the palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation as a key transformation. The unique reactivity of α-quaternary vinylogous esters upon addition of hydride or organometallic reagents enables divergent access to γ-quaternary acylcyclopentenes or cycloheptenones through respective ring contraction or carbonyl transposition pathways. Derivatization of the resulting molecules provides a series of mono-, bi-, and tricyclic systems that can serve as valuable intermediates for the total synthesis of complex natural products.

The allylic alkylation and ring contraction methodology has been employed to prepare variably functionalized bicyclo[5.3.0]decane molecules and enables the enantioselective total syntheses of daucene, daucenal, epoxydaucenal B, and 14-p-anisoyloxydauc-4,8-diene. This route overcomes the challenge of accessing β-substituted acylcyclopentenes by employing a siloxyenone to effect the Grignard addition and ring opening in a single step. Subsequent ring-closing metathesis and aldol reactions form the hydroazulene core of these targets. Derivatization of a key enone intermediate allows access to either the daucane sesquiterpene or sphenobolane diterpene carbon skeletons, as well as other oxygenated scaffolds.

Antitumor activity of Py-Im polyamides

Molecules that inhibit DNA dependent processes are the most commonly used agents for the treatment of cancer. The genotoxicity associated with their mechanisms of action, unfortunately, make them extremely toxic to the patient and cancer cells alike. The work presented in this thesis outlines the development of Py-Im polyamides as non-genotoxic DNA-targeted antitumor molecules that interfere with RNA polymerase II elongation. We initially characterized the pharmacokinetic profiles of two hairpin polyamides to establish their bioavailability in the serum and tissues after a single administration. We next determined the molecular mechanism that contributes to toxicity of a hairpin polyamide in human prostate cancer cells in cell culture and we demonstrated antitumor effects of the compound against LNCaP xenografts in mice. Finally, we conducted animal toxicity experiments on 4 polyamides that vary on the gamma-turn with respect to the substitution of amino and acetamide groups at the alpha and beta positions. From this study we identified a second generation compound that retains antitumor activity with significantly reduce animal toxicity. This work sets the foundation for the development of Py-Im polyamides as DNA targeted therapeutics for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.