Homologous DNA pairing domain peptides of RecA protein: intrinsic propensity to form beta-structures and filaments.

The 20 amino acid residue peptides derived from RecA loop L2 have been shown to be the pairing domain of RecA. The peptides bind to ss- and dsDNA, unstack ssDNA, and pair the ssDNA to its homologous target in a duplex DNA. As shown by circular dichroism, upon binding to DNA the disordered peptides adopt a beta-structure conformation. Here we show that the conformational change of the peptide from random coil to beta-structure is important in binding ss- and dsDNA. The beta-structure in the DNA pairing peptides can be induced by many environmental conditions such as high pH, high concentration, and non-micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate (6 mM). This behavior indicates an intrinsic property of these peptides to form a beta-structure. A beta-structure model for the loop L2 of RecA protein when bound to DNA is thus proposed. The fact that aromatic residues at the central position 203 strongly modulate the peptide binding to DNA and subsequent biochemical activities can be accounted for by the direct effect of the aromatic amino acids on the peptide conformational change. The DNA-pairing domain of RecA visualized by electron microscopy self-assembles into a filamentous structure like RecA. The relevance of such a peptide filamentous structure to the structure of RecA when bound to DNA is discussed.

A Avaliação da aprendizagem na imprensa cabo-verdiana (1914/1916)

O sistema escolar cabo-verdiano estruturou-se num contexto de dependência e submissão política (enquanto colónia portuguesa) e congregou a sociedade das ilhas – professores, pais, cidadãos, intelectuais, homens de opinião e de poder. Sendo a imprensa “um lugar estratégico de constituição do discurso (…) e um ponto de convergência de uma multiplicidade de falas” (Imbert, 1982: 362), é uma das fontes privilegiadas para a história do ensino em Cabo Verde. As manifestações internas da cultura escolar integravam, além das representações e práticas educativas, o currículo e a avaliação da aprendizagem. A avaliação sempre esteve presente no quotidiano escolar, “pois permite conhecer a situação do educando nas diversas fases da sua evolução cognitiva e fundamentar juízos de valor decisivos não só para a melhoria da sua aprendizagem como também para a valorização das experiências educativas futuras” (Valadares & Graça, 1998: 12).

Plan de la ville de Nevers / Jules Baptiste fecit ; Lith. de E. Bussière

Échelle(s) : [ca 1:5 000], échelle de 600 mètres [= 12 cm]

Association of nuclear matrix proteins with granular and threaded nuclear bodies in cell lines undergoing apoptosis.

The granules which appear in the nucleolar area in apoptotic HL-60 cells after camptothecin administration (Zweyer et al., Exp. Cell Res. 221,27-40, 1995) were detected also in several other cell lines induced to undergo apoptosis by different stimuli, such as MOLT-4 treated with staurosporine, K-562 incubated with actinomycin D, P-815 exposed to temperature causing heat shock, Jurkat cells treated with EGTA, U-937 growing in the presence of cycloheximide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and HeLa cells treated with etoposide. Using immunoelectron microscopy techniques, we demonstrate that, besides the already described nuclear matrix proteins p125 and p160, these granules contain other nucleoskeletal polypeptides such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a component of ribonucleoprotein particles, a 105-kDa constituent of nuclear spliceosomes, and the 240-kDa nuclear mitotic apparatus-associated protein referred to as NuMA. Moreover, we also found in the granules SAF-A/hn-RNP-U and SATB1 proteins, two polypeptides that have been reported to bind scaffold-associated regions DNA sequences in vitro, thus mediating the formation of looped DNA structures in vivo. Fibrillarin and coilin are not present in these granules or the PML protein. Thus, the granules seen during the apoptotic process apparently are different from coiled bodies or other types of nuclear bodies. Furthermore, these granules do not contain chromatin components such as histones and DNA. Last, Western blotting analysis revealed that nuclear matrix proteins present in the granules are not proteolytically degraded except for the NuMA polypeptide. We propose that these granules might represent aggregates of nuclear matrix proteins forming during the apoptotic process. Moreover, since the granules are present in several cell lines undergoing apoptosis, they could be considered a previously unrecognized morphological hallmark of the apoptotic process.

Comportamiento de las redes de arrastre pelágicas utilizadas en el crucero BIC Humboldt y BIC Jose Olaya Balandra 9808-09 de Paita a Tacna.

Resultados del comportamiento de las redes de arrastre pelágica modelo alemán Engel 988/400 utilizadas para la Evaluación de Recursos Pelágicos: Anchoveta (Engraulis ringens), Sardina (Sardinops sagax sagax), Jurel (Trachurus picturatus murphyi), Caballa (Scomber japonicus peruanus) y Samasa (Anchoa nasus) durante el crucero Hidroacústico 9808-09 a bordo de los BICs Humboldt y José Olaya Balandra entre Paita - Callao - Los Palos (Tacna). Se determinó la distancia entre puertas, el área de la boca de la red y el volumen de agua filtrada que tuvieron las redes en los arrastres efectivos de una milla náutica de distancia durante los 188 lances de comprobación, obteniéndose un rendimiento; se capturó un total de 18.357,87 kg; correspondiendo para la anchoveta 653,51 kg; sardina 108,05; jurel 24,84 kg; caballa 299,77 kg; samasa 228,95 kg y otros recursos hidrobiológicos 17.042,76 kg; con un índice de captura (CPUE) de 249,31 kg. Los valores de datos de comportamiento de la red como la abertura horizontal de la boca, abertura vertical, profundidad de la red y distancia entre la relinga inferior al fondo, etc., se obtuvo en forma directa por medio de una net sonda FS 900 SIMRAD, y SCANMAR RX 400, los arrastres tuvieron en promedio una duración de 21 minutos con una velocidad de 3,4 nudos.

Comportamiento de la red de arrastre pelágica utilizada en el estudio de los recursos pelágicos. Crucero BIC José Olaya Balandra 9811-12

Presenta los resultados del comportamiento de la red de arrastre pelágica modelo japonés 124/1800 que se utilizó en el Crucero de Evaluación de Recursos Pelágicos 9811-12 a bordo del BIC José Olaya Balandra entre la isla Lobos de Tierra y el Morro Sama. Se determinaron el área de la boca de la red y el volumen de agua filtrada que tuvo la red durante los arrastres efectivos de una milla náutica de distancia entre 100 lances de comprobación. Se obtuvo buena eficiencia y buen rendimiento; se capturó un total de 62.845 kg, correspondiendo para la anchoveta 45.576 kg, sardina 1006 kg, jurel 8 kg, caballa 2 kg, samasa 1.656 kg, vinciguerria 246 kg, múnida 9933 kg y otros recursos 4.418 kg, con un índice de captura (CPUE) de 2.020,74 kg/h. Los valores del comportamiento de la red como abertura horizontal de la boca, abertura vertical, profundidad de la red y distancia entre la relinga inferior al fondo, se obtuvieron en forma directa por medio de una net sonda SCANMAR RX 400; los arrastres tuvieron en promedio una duración de 19 minutos con una velocidad de arrastre promedio de 3,8 nudos. La anchoveta, durante los 100 lances de comprobación, se presentó mezclada con otros recursos y con múnida en las 30 primeras mn de la costa. Se obtuvieron correlaciones aceptables de regresión lineal entre los valores de longitud del cable de arrastre principal con la profundidad de la red de arrastre, longitud de cable de arrastre principal con la profundidad de cardumen, longitud del cable de arrastre principal con la abertura vertical, abertura vertical con abertura horizontal y velocidad de arrastre con abertura vertical de la boca de la red.

Informe del crucero Krill III, a bordo del barco de investigación científica Alexander Agassiz de la Universidad de California y estadía en el departamento de oceanología de Montemar-Chile

Expone los resultados del análisis de las muestras de zooplancton colectados frente al Perú, para cumplir uno de los objetivos, la obtención de huevos y larvas de peces y Myctophidoe en diversas fases de desarrollo.

Thermal hygrometric requirements for the rearing and release of Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae)

Thermal hygrometric requirements for the rearing and release of Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae). Tamarixia radiata is the main agent for the biological control of Diaphorina citri in Brazil with a parasitism rate ranging from 20 to 80%. This study investigated the influence of temperature on the development, fecundity and longevity of adults of T. radiata and the effect of relative humidity (RH) on their parasitism capacity and survival rate in the pre-imaginal period. The effect of temperature was assessed in the range between 15 and 35 ± 1ºC, 70 ± 10% RH, and a 14-h photophase. The RH effect was evaluated in the range from 30 to 90 ± 10%, temperature at 25 ± 1ºC, and photophase of 14-h. At 25ºC, circa 166.7 nymphs were parasitized, the highest parasitism capacity observed compared to other treatments. The longest longevity of females was observed at 25ºC, although the rate did not differ in the 20-30ºC temperature range. The threshold temperature (TT) was 7.2ºC, and 188.7 degrees-day were required for the development (egg-to-adult period). The parasitism rate and longevity were higher at 50 and 70% of RH. This shows that temperature and RH may affect the parasitism capacity of T. radiata on nymphs of D. citri, which can explain the great parasitism variation for D. citri observed in citrus groves in São Paulo State, Brazil.