Influence of oxygen plasma treatment on properties of ZrO2 films prepared by e-beam evaporation techniques

Zirconia films were prepared by e-beam evaporation, and oxygen plasma treatment was used to modify film properties. Spectrophotometry, x-ray diffractometry (XRD), and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize refractive index, extinction coefficient, rnicrostructure, and surface roughness, respectively. The experimental results indicate that both refractive index and extinction coefficient of the films were reduced slightly after oxygen plasma treatment, with the decrease of intrinsic stress and surface roughness. From XRD spectra, the intensity decrease of the T(110) diffraction peak was clearly observed after the treatment, which was caused by the restructuring of the film atoms. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Influence of oxygen post-treatment on laser-induced damage of antireflection coatings prepared by electron-beam evaporation and ion beam assisted deposition

Antireflection coatings at the center wavelength of 1053 nm were prepared on BK7 glasses by electron-beam evaporation deposition (EBD) and ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD). Parts of the two kinds of samples were post-treated with oxygen plasma at the environment temperature after deposition. Absorption at 1064 nm was characterized based on surface thermal lensing (STL) technique. The laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) was measured by a 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser with a pulse width of 38 ps. Leica-DMRXE Microscope was applied to gain damage morphologies of samples. The results revealed that oxygen post-treatment could lower the absorption and increase the damage thresholds for both kinds of as-grown samples. However, the improving effects are not the same. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Habitat degradation - its nature, causes and treatment

Since the latter part of the 19th century the Ribble and its tributaries have suffered habitat degradation to varying degrees. This report examims the causes for its degradation, specific problems and their treatment, progress, plans and procedures, and benefits of restoration including species identified by English Nature as threatened or declining and which are listed in the UK Biodiversity Action Plan.

Indoor air treatment by coupling biofiltration and adsortion

225 p.

Estudo da desativação hidrotérmica de catalisadores automotivos comerciais

O vapor dágua está presente na exaustão veicular em quantidades significativas e, nas condições de operação do catalisador automotivo, essa espécie pode promover uma série de fenômenos térmicos que podem reduzir a vida útil do sistema. Dentro desse contexto, essa dissertação tem como objetivo estudar os efeitos da desativação hidrotérmica nas propriedades físico-químicas e estruturais, e no desempenho de três catalisadores automotivos comerciais à base de Pd/Rh, designados A, C e E. Esses sistemas foram submetidos a tratamento térmico a 1000C por 12 horas, sob três tipos de correntes gasosas, com a seguinte composição: N2, 14% H2O/N2 e 18% H2O/N2. A caracterização dos catalisadores consistiu das seguintes técnicas: FRX, ICP-OES, ATG-ATD, fisissorção de N2, TPD-H2 e TPR. A partir dos resultados obtidos para as amostras envelhecidas, foram constatados vários fenômenos característicos da degradação térmica, como sinterização da alumina e do óxido misto CeO2-ZrO2, transições de fases cristalina na alumina e segregação de fases no óxido misto. A avaliação da atividade catalítica foi realizada com base na reação de redução do NO pelo CO, e nas reações de oxidação do CO e do C3H8. Para os catalisadores C e E, os envelhecimentos acarretaram em perda de atividade, e os resultados da avaliação catalítica apresentaram uma boa correlação com as propriedades texturais e a redutibilidade desses catalisadores. Em contrapartida, para o catalisador A, os tratamentos térmicos o ativaram para todas as reações. Apesar de os três sistemas terem apresentado boa atividade frente à redução do NO pelo CO, foi observada, para todas as amostras, a formação indesejável de N2O em quantidades significativas, indicando que eles foram pouco seletivos na faixa de temperatura analisada

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Study of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Vanadate of Nickel(II) Coordination Complex with Pyrazine, Ni3(C4H4N2)3(V8O23)

Artículo científico: postprint

Mild Hydrothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Thermal Behavior, Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of (NH4)0.80Li0.20[Fe(AsO4)F]

postprint

Wastewater reuse in aquaculture: socially and environmentally appropriate wastewater treatment for Vietnam

Wastewater is reused and treated in four main types of farming in Vietnam: fish culture in 200 ha; rotation of rice and fish culture in 400 ha; land vegetables and aquatic vegetables.