Immunohistochemical, tomographic and histological study on onlay bone graft remodeling. Part II: calvarial bone

Objectives Little information is available on the molecular events that occur during graft incorporation over time. The calvarial bone (Cb) grafts have been reported to produce greater responses compared with other donor regions in maxillofacial reconstructions, but the scientific evidences for this are still lacking. The objectives of this study are (1) to study the morphological pattern of Cb onlay bone grafts and compare them with the biological events through immunohistochemical responses and (2) to establish the effects of perforations in maintaining the volume and bone density of the receptor bed. Material and methods Sixty New Zealand White rabbits were submitted to Cb onlay bone grafts on the mandible. In 30 rabbits, the receptor bed was perforated (perforated group), while for the remaining animals the bed was kept intact (non-perforated group). Six animals from each group were sacrificed at 5, 7, 10, 20 and 60 days after surgery. Histological sections from the grafted area were prepared for immunohistochemical and histological analyses. Immuno-labeling was found for proteins Osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa beta ligand (RANKL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), Type I collagen (COL I) and osteocalcin (OC). The tomography examination [computerized tomography (CT) scan] was conducted just after surgery and at the sacrifice. Results The histological findings revealed that the perforations contributed to higher bone deposition during the initial stages at the graft-receptor bed interface, accelerating the graft incorporation process. The results of the CT scan showed lower resorption for the perforated group (P < 0.05), and both groups showed high bone density rates at 60 days. This set of evidences is corroborated by the immunohistochemical outcomes indicating that proteins associated with revascularization and osteogenesis (VEGF, OPN, TRAP and ALP) were found in higher levels in the perforated group. Conclusions These findings indicate that the bone volume of calvarial grafts is better maintained when the receptor bed is perforated, probably resulting from more effective graft revascularization and greater bone deposition. The process of bone resorption peaked between 20 and 60 days post-operatively in both groups although significantly less in the perforated group. To cite this article:Pedrosa Jr WF, Okamoto R, Faria PEP, Arnez MFM, Xavier SP, Salata LA. Immunohistochemical, tomographic and histological study on onlay bone grafts remodeling. Part II: calvarial bone.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 20, 2009; 1254-1264.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01747.x.

Common Features in Vector Nonlinear Time Series Models

This thesis consists of four manuscripts in the area of nonlinear time series econometrics on topics of testing, modeling and forecasting nonlinear common features. The aim of this thesis is to develop new econometric contributions for hypothesis testing and forecasting in these area. Both stationary and nonstationary time series are concerned. A definition of common features is proposed in an appropriate way to each class. Based on the definition, a vector nonlinear time series model with common features is set up for testing for common features. The proposed models are available for forecasting as well after being well specified. The first paper addresses a testing procedure on nonstationary time series. A class of nonlinear cointegration, smooth-transition (ST) cointegration, is examined. The ST cointegration nests the previously developed linear and threshold cointegration. An Ftypetest for examining the ST cointegration is derived when stationary transition variables are imposed rather than nonstationary variables. Later ones drive the test standard, while the former ones make the test nonstandard. This has important implications for empirical work. It is crucial to distinguish between the cases with stationary and nonstationary transition variables so that the correct test can be used. The second and the fourth papers develop testing approaches for stationary time series. In particular, the vector ST autoregressive (VSTAR) model is extended to allow for common nonlinear features (CNFs). These two papers propose a modeling procedure and derive tests for the presence of CNFs. Including model specification using the testing contributions above, the third paper considers forecasting with vector nonlinear time series models and extends the procedures available for univariate nonlinear models. The VSTAR model with CNFs and the ST cointegration model in the previous papers are exemplified in detail,and thereafter illustrated within two corresponding macroeconomic data sets.

Metaanalys av vargforskningen i Sverige/Norgemellan åren 2000-2014

Vargens återkomst har gett upphov till olika attitydsyttringar, boende i vargområden är i regel mernegativa till vargen än de som bor utanför dessa områden. Genom att mäta vilka attityder som finnstill varg kan forskare ge incitament till makthavare om hur vargförvaltningen upplevs avallmänheten.Den här studien är en kartläggning av forskningsläget under åren 2000 – 2014 rörande attityder tillvarg i Sverige och Norge. De variabler/grupper av individer som forskare inom området använderför att mäta vem som har vilken attityd är jägare, djurägare, boende på landsbygd utanför vargområde, boende på landsbygd i vargområde, boende i stad med flera. Vi finner att studierna tar uppteorierna social representation, centrum och periferi och NIMBY (Not In My Backyard). Manproblematiserar dessa i varierande grad utifrån de teorier som används. Något vi menar ärproblematiskt då forskningen blir enkelspårig och grund. Vi vill se en bredare problematiseringutifrån de teorier som redan framkommit i forskningen och ifrågasätter varför inte fler teorier ochvariabler undersöks. Vi efterfrågar ett vidare perspektiv där forskaren exempelvis gör tolkningarutifrån olika samhälleliga maktfigurationer.

October 2012: Volume 2 Issue 1

In this Issue: Friends of Dacus Endowment Nears GoalDacus Library of Winthrop UniversityMedieval Manuscripts Acquired; Carlisle Recognized by Friends

O poeta de cordel e a Primeira República: a voz visível do popular

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o Acervo de Literatura de Cordel do poeta Leandro Gomes de Barros (1865-1918), relacionando seus temas principais aos acontecimentos políticos ocorridos no período conhecido na História do Brasil, como Primeira República. A fala do poeta funcionaria como um contraponto ao que se costuma afirmar sobre esse período, de que haveria um "emudecimento" em relação ao popular, apenas emergindo a voz das elites. O trabalho tenta demonstrar que, ao contrário, através dos poemas, o povo é informado de como funcionava o sistema político da época e que o poeta utilizando-se freqüentemente da paródia, da sátira e da alegoria, apresentava essas questões de maneira a ser facilmente assimiladas e compreendidas por seus leitores.

Catálogo dos livros de Horas da Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil

O presente trabalho objetivou identificar a coleção dos livros de horas da Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil, com vistas a produzir um catálogo. A coleção abrange nove livros manuscritos iluminados; neste trabalho, porém, foram identificados apenas os oito livros produzidos na segunda metade do século XV. Quatro desses livros são provenientes da Real Biblioteca – Casa do Infantado, que veio para o Brasil em 1808 com a família real portuguesa, tornando-se o núcleo inicial da Biblioteca Nacional brasileira. Na primeira parte apresentamos as considerações teóricas situando o período no qual o livro de horas se inscreve, destacando a sua importância, tanto na sociedade quanto no desenvolvimento da piedade do homem na cristandade medieval. Apresentamos também um breve histórico da Biblioteca Nacional, depositária da coleção dos livros de horas e, concluindo a primeira parte, os dados referentes à construção do catálogo. A segunda parte é o catálogo propriamente dito, onde os livros estão descritos obedecendo às normas internacionais vigentes, viabilizando o acesso, a divulgação e o intercâmbio de informações, promovendo assim a valorização e a preservação desses bens culturais e patrimoniais.

Atitude do consumidor para com o shopping center como local de compra: um estudo no Shopping Leste - Av. Aricanduva

Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, com testes de hipóteses, âmbito do comportamento do consumidor sob a ótica de Marketing, que se inicia com uma revisão da bibliografia a nível mundial e culmina com a pesquisa de campo levada a efeito no Shopping Center Leste - Av. Aricanduva, um shopping regional na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, o maior centro consumidor da América Latina e uma das três cidades maiores do mundo em número de habitantes

Concessão do serviço móvel celular na região metropolitana de São Paulo : um caso de avaliação de investimento

Trata da outorga de concessão de exploração do serviço móvel celular na região metropolitana de São Paulo, parte integrante do PND (Programa Nacional de Desestatização).Realiza uma avaliação financeira de investimento tomado por base perspectivas mercadológicas e parâmetros dos participantes da concorrência pública n 001/96 SFO/MC, a partir de uma modelagem por fluxo de caixa descontado (DCF)

Conhecimento e afeto ecológico: antecedentes do consumo ecológico

O desenvolvimento sustentável é um desafio multidimensional com implicações para todos os setores da sociedade. Do ponto de vista do marketing, a construção de um mercado verde significativo pode ser de grande importância neste desafio. Diante disto, compreender os antecedentes do consumo ecológico lança luz sobre como se dão os comportamentos de consumo ambientalmente orientados, oque pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de campanhas tanto educativas quanto comerciais. O presente estudo examina a influência de fatores emocionais e cognitivos nos comportamentos de compra ecológica. Para isso, um modelo conceitual foi construído a partir da literatura e submetido à verificação empírica, utilizandose levantamento para coleta de dados e Modelagem de Equações Estruturais para análise. Foi analisada uma amostra de 291 respondentes, levantada por meio eletrônico durante o mês de janeiro de 2010. Os achados desta pesquisa confirmam a emoção e o conhecimento subjetivo como antecedentes do consumo ecológico, mediadas pela atitude referente ao consumo ecológico e pela intenção de se engajar em tal comportamento. Sugestões de pesquisa futura são analisadas com base na teoria de marketing

Alienação e transcendência: a realidade e o devir humano: um estudo da práxis educativa à luz da teoria da alienação de Marx

Trata-se aqui de um estudo da teoria da alienação em Marx, e de uma reflexão sobre a prática educativa à luz dessa teoria. A investigação da teoria da alienação em Marx inclue um estudo dos interlocutores que o precedem na construção desse conceito. Na sistematização desta teoria em Marx, três obras são privilegiadas: Manuscritos econômicos e filosóficos de 1844, A ideologia alemã, Elementos fundamentais para a critica da economia politica (Grundrisse). Rompendo com a visão metafísica que pretende dar à alienação um significado ontológico e mistificador, Marx toma-a como uma forma histórica de relação humana e a analisa em suas múltiplas dimensões. A luz da teoria da alienação, empreende-se, na 2ª parte deste trabalho uma crítica à visão metafísica da educação, que reduz a alienação a uma questão cognitiva que se resolve no campo da consciência, sendo superável, portanto, no âmbito educativo. Opõe-se a essa perspectiva a noção de que a consciência não alienada só pode ser pensada como consciência de uma sociedade plenamente humana. Situada no contexto da sociedade alienada a educação tem como possibilidade contribuir como uma mediação prático-teórica para superação da alienação, desde que se articule com o conjunto das práticas sociais e políticas transformadoras.

A systematic component of the jump-risk premium in an AJD model

We develop an affine jump diffusion (AJD) model with the jump-risk premium being determined by both idiosyncratic and systematic sources of risk. While we maintain the classical affine setting of the model, we add a finite set of new state variables that affect the paths of the primitive, under both the actual and the risk-neutral measure, by being related to the primitive's jump process. Those new variables are assumed to be commom to all the primitives. We present simulations to ensure that the model generates the volatility smile and compute the "discounted conditional characteristic function'' transform that permits the pricing of a wide range of derivatives.

Avaliação do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças na rede básica de saúde utilizando o teste de Denver II: identificação de fatores de risco materno

Alterations in the neuropsychomotor development of children are not rare and can manifest themselves with varying intensity at different stages of their development. In this context, maternal risk factors may contribute to the appearance of these alterations. A number of studies have reported that neuropsychomotor development diagnosis is not an easy task, especially in the basic public health network. Diagnosis requires effective, low-cost, and easy - to-apply procedures. The Denver Developmental Screening Test, first published in 1967, is currently used in several countries. It has been revised and renamed as the Denver II Test and meets the aforementioned criteria. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to apply the Denver II Test in order to verify the prevalence of suspected neuropsychomotor development delay in children between the ages of 0 and 12 months and correlate it with the following maternal risk factors: family income, schooling, age at pregnancy, drug use during pregnancy, gestational age, gestational problems, type of delivery and the desire to have children. For data collection, performed during the first 6 months of 2004, a clinical assessment was made of 398 children selected by pediatricians and the nursing team of each public health unit. Later, the parents or guardians were asked to complete a structured questionnaire to determine possible risk indicators of neuropsychomotor development delay. Finally the Denver II Developmental Screening Test (DDST) was applied. The data were analyzed together, using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software, version 6.1. The confidence interval was set at 95%. The Denver II Test yielded normal and questionable results. This suggests compromised neuropsychomotor development in the children examined and deserves further investigation. The correlation of the results with preestablished maternal risk variables (family income, mother s schooling, age at pregnancy, drug use during the pregnancy and gestational age) was strongly significant. The other maternal risk variables (gestational problems, type of delivery and desire to have children) were not significant. Using an adjusted logistic regression model, we obtained the estimate of the greater likelihood of a child having suspected neuropsychomotor development delay: a mother with _75 4 years of schooling, chronological age less than 20 years and a drug user during pregnancy. This study produced two manuscripts, one published in Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira , in which an analysis was performed of children with suspected neuropsychomotor development delay in the city of Natal, Brazil. The other paper (to be published) analyzed the magnitude of the independent variable maternal schooling associated to neuropsychomotor development delay, every 3 months during the first twelve months of life of the children selected.. The results of the present study reinforce the multifactorial characteristic of development and the cumulative effect of maternal risk factors, and show the need for a regional policy that promotes low-cost programs for the community, involving children at risk of neuropsychomotor development delay. Moreover, they suggest the need for better qualified health professionals in terms of monitoring child development. This was an inter- and multidisciplinary study with the integrated participation of doctors, nurses, nursing assistants and professionals from other areas, such as statisticians and information technology professionals, who met all the requirements of the Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte

A prática de atividade física de crianças e adolescentes com e sem epilepsia

The epilepsy is one of the neurological disorders more common in the pediatric period, and which interferes significantly in the psycho and social life of children and teenagers. The objective of this study was analyzing the practice of sedentary practices, physicals, traditional infant fun and games of children and teenagers with and without epilepsy. The study was prospective, transversal descriptive, done with 60 children and teenagers with epilepsy (Epileptic Group - EG) patients from Pediatric Neurology Clinic of the Centre Integrated Health Lineu Araújo and 60 children and teenagers without epilepsy (Control Group - CG) students from municipal public school, both of the two groups paired with the same age (age group 7 to 14 years) of both the genders (female = 25/41,6% and male = 35/58,3%) of the Teresina city Piauí. It was done two pattern questionnaires, one applied to children and teenagers of the EG and CG to identify the sedentary activities, physical and traditional infant games and other to the parents/responsible of the EG about the clinical and demographic information. The results permitted the elaboration of two manuscripts: a) the first one titled The Practice of Sedentary and Physical Activities of Children and Teenagers with Epilepsy which showed significant difference in the sedentary activities of playing with car toy (p=0,021) to the EG and reading to the CG (p=0,001); in the physical activities the school physical education (p=0,001) and riding a bike (p=0,014) to the CG; b) the second one The Practice of Infant Games and Fun the children and teenagers with and without Epilepsy in this one the playing with marble presented significant difference (p=0,016) to the CG, despite the girls of the two groups don t do this activity. Observing the distribution of frequencies, it was verified that in the play catch-up and hide-and-seek and burn the EG plays more than the CG both in female and male gender. The girls of the EG play less skip, 60 while the boys of the two groups don t play. Elastic jump the girls of the two groups play in a same frequency and the boys don t participate of this fun. The seizures were found to occur during: soccer (23,3%); hide-and-seek (6,6%) and running (3,3%). In the sedentary activities, seizures were reported to occur: resting and watching TV (18,3%), sleeping (36,0%); sitting (13,3%) and lying down (11,7%). Our results showed that the epileptic group and the controls group engage in the same activities, although the epileptic group participates less than the controls. Although the EG had presented a bigger percentage of generalized attacks, they don t occur during the practice of formal physical activities. The research was developed by a multidisciplinary team, and this contributed a lot to the realization of this study

O ritual simbólico do Ctrl+C (copiar ) e Ctrl+V (colar) no ensino médio

Nowadays, technology has a direct influence on the relationship student and teacher have with language. The internet is a powerful tool in helping work with the language and, through it, the knowledge comes to the student easily and intensely. Furthermore, this facility has enhanced and made visible what has been called, within the University community, "plagiarism generation." This work assumes that this generation has, in their written texts, symbolic movements similar to those of "copy and paste" applied to research work carried out by high school students. Taking this as starting point, this dissertation aims to analyze how high school students of the 1st year from a school in Natal (RN) construct texts, under the movements known as "Ctrl + c" and "Ctrl + v", with reference to the text of the "other". More specific issues are behind the general objective, namely: 1. how the student appropriates the source-text when he copies and pastes? 2. What are the categories of analysis that allow us to look analytically and theoretically for the "ctrl + c / ctrl + v" practice made by the student? 2. how the studies developed in the fields of "Genetic Criticism" (Grésillon, 1987), the "school manuscripts" (Calil, 2004) and "paraphrase" (Fuchs, 1982) may help in working with writing in the classroom standing as a possible way to minimize the copy and paste effects in the students texts? Thus, we observe the categories of analysis that allow us to look, theoretically and analytically, for the symbolic ritual of the "ctrl + c" (copy) and "ctrl + v" (paste) in high school. Our study shows that the student text is a "hybrid body" whose writing is a drawing entanglement because of the presence of the foreign text, verbatim, and the presence of linguistic elements to paraphrase the original text.This textual embodiment has, behind it, certain operations, namely: replacing, moving, adding and deleting statements. Given the specificity of the data and the research objectives, this study aligns with qualitative research methods (SILVERMAN, 2009) and falls within the knowledge field of Applied Linguistics, which is characterized especially by investigating problems, phenomena in which language in a real situation is taken as central (BRUMFIT, 1995).Theoretically, our work follows the approach of studies on the paraphrase (Fuchs, 1982, 1994a, 1994b; DAUNAY, 1997, 1999, 2002a, 2002b), the studies developed in the field of Genetic Criticism (Grésillon, 1987, 1994, 1992, 2008 ) and those developed by Eduardo Calil (2004) on "school manuscripts"

Vaga-lume na treva: a poesia de João Lins Caldas

This thesis analyses the poetry of João Lins Caldas (1888-1967), in Brazilian literature context, aiming at describing and understanding the main features of his poetry. Thus, this research presents a corpus to be worked on: the poems in Poeira do céu e outros poemas (2009). Our study is characterized by a biographical, historiographical and critical tendency, by trying to organize the manuscripts of the author and biographical aspects while analyzing his poems. It is showed the relation between Brazilian poetry written by some authors, since the parnasianism and symbolism period until the twentieth century. On the one hand, our analysis is based on the ideas and criticism by Antonio Candido (2006; 2002; 1985), discussing the process of formation of Brazilian literature and the procedure to analyse poetry. It is also based on the concept of poetry and resistance, developed by Alfredo Bosi (2000; 2002), and the notion of Brazilian matter, identified by Roberto Schwarz (1987, 1997, 1999). On the other hand, this work focuses on melancholy under the theoretical ideas of authors such as Aristotle (1998), Walter Benjamin (1984), Jaime Ginzburg (1997) and Moacyr Scliar (2003). This focus on melancholy contributes to a better understanding of one of the main themes found in the poems analysed. By studying the poetry of João Lins Caldas, it was perceived the relevance of melancholy and resistance in his verses. This can be seen in his dissonant language, characterized by the broken syntax in his verses, as well as contradictory images and complex meanings in his poetry. This causes the effect of unfamiliarity on the reader. His poetry is the result of a style that finds its place in the best moment of modern Brazilian poetry and reveals its singularity through the inverted syntax with powerful themes such as love, death, pain, delusion, loss, memory, nature and God. All of them are aspects of Brazilian historicity. Finally, the work of João Lins Caldas is part of a multifaceted poetry