Revisión de los trabajos publicados sobre promoción de la salud en jóvenes españoles.

The objective of this study is to review the health promotion interventions on spanish youths published in Spanish in the 1995-2000 period and to describe them in accordance with the scope within which they have been carried out, the topics addressed, the methodology, the evaluation design used and the results obtained. Two hundred and fourteen intervention were identified. Illegal drugs were the topic on which the largest number of interventions were focused (29.8%), followed by alcohol (15.9%), the risk-related sexual behaviours (14.6%) and leisure time (12.6%). The activities carried out most often were: participation-based educational methods (30.7%), explanatory education methods (11.5%) and the preparation of educational materials (11%). In 80.8% of the cases, some evaluation of the health promotion activities was found. The type of evaluation employed most often was the process evaluation (73.7%), and the medium-long term results evaluation being those employed the least (2.2%). The evaluation methodologies used most often were questionnaires (28.2%). A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was employed in 13.2% of the cases. The four interventions in which the medium-long term impact was gauged had the purpose of preventing and reducing cigarette smoking and/or drinking and or marijuana smoking, all of these initiatives achieving a reduction in cigarette smoking. In conclusion, it seems necessary to improve the design of the evaluations of the health promotion initiatives addressed to young people in Spain and to increase the dissemination of the same by way of their publication.

A Formal Framework for Specifying, Reusing and Implementing Educational Settings. Third level

Aquest fitxer conté la ontologia que descriu un metamodel de l'especificació Open Service Interface Design v.2.0 proposada per OKI. Ha estat creada en OWL i estesa amb un conjunt de regles SWRL. S'adjunta també el conjunt de regles.

The framework for specifying, reusing and implementing educational settings. Level 1 & 2 integrated

This file includes the ontology of patterns of educational settings adapted to a given organization as part of a formal framework for specifying, reusing and implementing educational settings. It includes a description of such an ontology.

Prospective registry of symptomatic severe aortic stenosis in octogenarians: a need for intervention.

OBJECTIVE To study the factors associated with choice of therapy and prognosis in octogenarians with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS). STUDY DESIGN Prospective, observational, multicenter registry. Centralized follow-up included survival status and, if possible, mode of death and Katz index. SETTING Transnational registry in Spain. SUBJECTS We included 928 patients aged ≥80 years with severe symptomatic AS. INTERVENTIONS Aortic-valve replacement (AVR), transcatheter aortic-valve implantation (TAVI) or conservative therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES All-cause death. RESULTS Mean age was 84.2 ± 3.5 years, and only 49.0% were independent (Katz index A). The most frequent planned management was conservative therapy in 423 (46%) patients, followed by TAVI in 261 (28%) and AVR in 244 (26%). The main reason against recommending AVR in 684 patients was high surgical risk [322 (47.1%)], other medical motives [193 (28.2%)], patient refusal [134 (19.6%)] and family refusal in the case of incompetent patients [35 (5.1%)]. The mean time from treatment decision to AVR was 4.8 ± 4.6 months and to TAVI 2.1 ± 3.2 months, P < 0.001. During follow-up (11.2-38.9 months), 357 patients (38.5%) died. Survival rates at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months were 81.8%, 72.6%, 64.1% and 57.3%, respectively. Planned intervention, adjusted for multiple propensity score, was associated with lower mortality when compared with planned conservative treatment: TAVI Hazard ratio (HR) 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-0.93; P = 0.016) and AVR HR 0.56 (95% CI 0.39-0.8; P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Octogenarians with symptomatic severe AS are frequently managed conservatively. Planned conservative management is associated with a poor prognosis.

Evaluation de l'efficacité clinique de la prise en charge pédopsychiatrique par l'Antenne d'Intervention dans le Milieu pour Adolescents (AIMA)

Contexte : Depuis les années 60, en lien avec la vague de désinstitutionalisation, un peu partout dans le monde, des équipes mobiles ont vu le jour. L'Antenne d'Intervention dans le Milieu pour Adolescents (AIMA) a été fondée en 2005, elle est destinée aux adolescents à haut risque psychopathologique qui échappent au système classique des soins pédopsychiatriques. Etant donné que ce dispositif est amené à se développer, il est souhaitable d'évaluer les résultats obtenus. Méthode : Etude ouverte prospective sur un échantillon comprenant 20 adolescents de 13 à 18 ans suivis par l'AIMA. Des données cliniques et sociodémographiques ont été collectées, différentes échelles ont été utilisées, dont l' « Health of Nation Outcome Scale for Children and Adolescents » (HoNOSCA) et la « Crisis Triage Rating Scale » en évaluation pré-­‐ et post-­‐suivi dans le milieu. L'effet de l'intervention est évalué à travers les données de l'HoNOSCA et de la « Crisis Triage Rating Scale » et nous avons également étudié l'effet dose-­‐réponse. Nous nous sommes intéressés à l'effet des événements de vie indésirables dans l'enfance sur les changements des scores de l'HoNOSCA. Résultats : On retrouve une nette amélioration clinique évaluée par l'HoNOSCA et de certains de ses sous-­‐scores (symptômes et contexte social). Par contre nous n'avons pas observé d'effet dose-­‐ réponse de l'intervention AIMA. L'amélioration de l'HoNOSCA est corrélée avec la diminution de la dangerosité et l'amélioration du réseau de soutien, mais pas avec la capacité à coopérer de l'adolescent. Les adolescents ayant subi plusieurs événements de vie indésirables pendant l'enfance bénéficient de manière significative de l'intervention de l'AIMA. Conclusion : Cette étude est en faveur de l'efficacité clinique de la prise en charge pédopsychiatrique par l'AIMA. Elle suggère que les adolescents ayant été confrontés à des événements de vie indésirables bénéficient grandement de ce type d'intervention. Ces conclusions mériteraient d'être confirmées par d'autres études (plus puissantes) et avec plus de sujets.

Iowa Educational Directory, 2003

Annual directory of PreK-12, area education agencies, universities, colleges, and the Iowa Department of Education

A versão simplificada do Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System e seu valor prognóstico

O estudo avalia a capacidade do Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS-28) de discriminar pacientes internados em UTI, prováveis de morrer daqueles possíveis de sobreviver e estabelecer a pontuação limiar para alta probabilidade de morte. Os resultados, obtidos da amostra de 200 pacientes internados em 14 UTIs do Município de São Paulo, mostraram que o TISS-28 apresentou associação com mortalidade (p=0,0001). O ponto de corte estabelecido foi 21. Encontrou-se que 80,88% dos que morreram tinham pontuação do TISS-28 maior ou igual, e 68,18% dos sobreviventes tinham pontuação menor que 21. Além disso, quanto ao valor prognóstico do TISS-28, constatou-se acurácia de 0,72.

Substrate metabolism, nutrient balance and obesity development in children and adolescents: a target for intervention?

Obesity results from the organism's inability to maintain energy balance over a long term. Childhood obesity and its related factors and pathological consequences tend to persist into adulthood. A cluster of factors, including high energy density in the diet (high fat intake), low energy expenditure, and disturbed substrate oxidation, favour the increase in fat mass. Oxidation of three major macronutrients and their roles in the regulation of energy balance, particularly in children and adolescents, are discussed. Total glucose oxidation is not different between obese and lean children; exogenous glucose utilization is higher whereas endogenous glucose utilization is lower in obese compared with lean children. Carbohydrate composition of the diet determines carbohydrate oxidation regardless of fat content of the diet. Both exogenous and endogenous fat oxidation are higher in obese than in lean subjects. The influence of high fat intake on accumulation of fat mass is operative rather over a long term. Several future directions are addressed, such that a combination of increased physical activity and modification in diet composition, in terms of energy density and glycemic index, is recommended for children and adolescents.

Therapeutic intervention scoring system-28 (TISS-28): diretrizes para aplicação

O Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28) é um instrumento que permite dimensionar carga de trabalho de enfermagem em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e estimar gravidade da doença. Apresenta-se nesta publicação as definições operacionais para sua aplicação, proposta por um grupo de especialistas na área, com vistas a uniformizar o significado de cada um dos itens e evitar vieses de interpretação.

Office of Treasurer of State Iowa Educational Savings Plan Trust, June 30, 2002

State Agency Audit Report

Office of Treasurer of State, Iowa Educational Savings Plan Trust, June 30, 2003

State Agency Audit Report

Educational Excellence Program for Fiscal Years 1999 - 2002

A Review of the Educational Excellence Program for Fiscal Years 1999 - 2002 and the Student Achievement and Teacher Quality Program for Fiscal Year 2002 within the Department of Education