Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes internados na unidade de tratamento de queimaduras do Hospital Estadual de Bauru

Burns are frequent accidents, and they are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in our society. In Brazil, statistical data on such lesions are relatively scarce, and they are concentrated in a few treatment centers. Data on such accidents allow for specific care to be timely and properly taken in order to provide patients with a better prognosis, in addition to enabling the development of prevention programs as well as fire-prevention safety laws. To characterize the epidemiological profile of users at the Burn Treatment Unit of Bauru State Hospital. Collection of epidemiological data through the e-pront system and from charts of burned inpatients from April 2005 to April 2010. During the studied period, 906 hospitalizations of burned patients occurred, with an annual average of 181.2 individuals. Their mean age was 28.4 years, with a predominance of males. The mean hospitalization period was of 27.6 days, with a median of 16 days and a maximum of 216 days; 14.7% developed to death, with the highest mortality rate in the first two weeks of hospitalization. Second-degree burns were the most frequent; 36.8% of the patients burned less than 10% of their body surface, and there was a gradual frequency reduction when a larger burned surface was taken into account; the greater the affected areas, the higher the number of deaths; 91% resulted from thermal agents, 6% from electric and 2% from chemical agents; scalding was the major cause among all agents, followed by alcohol associated with fire and direct flame. The major area affected areas were the upper limbs. The study shows the need for educational and preventive measures, particularly for the young adult population, by means of educational programs and prevention campaigns

Susceptibilidade ao estresse e qualidade de carne de suínos suplementados com diferentes níveis de Ractopamina

The ractopamine is a β-adrenergic agonist used as a divider of energy in diets for finishing pigs. However, research shows that this additive may effect on welfare and meat quality. In this context, the aim was to evaluate the influence in three levels of inclusion of ractopamine (0, 5 and 10ppm) in commercial pigs diet (castrated, males and females, n = 340) for 28 days pre-slaughter on the welfare and meat quality. The wellbeing was assessed by the behavior of animals, number of skin damages, carcass damages and physiological stress (lactate, cortisol and creatinine phosphokinase). The evaluation of meat quality was performed by analyzing pH, color, drip and cooking loss, shear force and marbling of the longissimus dorsi muscle of 90 selected pigs. There was no influence of treatments on the behavior, the total number of skin damages and carcass damages or concentration of cortisol and lactate. However, levels of the enzyme creatine phosphokinase (CPK) increased in pigs supplemented with ractopamine. This shows that, somehow, this additive led to physiological changes in animals that consumed it. PH and drip loss did not change by the addition of ractopamine in the diet. In contrast, the Longissimus dorsi of pigs that received ractopamine presented less intense red color and no difference was found in L* and b*. The inclusion of ractopamine in the diet reduced the degree of marbling, cooking loss and tenderness of the muscle. Supplementation did not lead to behavioral change, increased incidence of injury, plasma cortisol and lactate and minimal impact on meat quality. However, there was evidence that the animals fed the additive suffered physiological changes

Diabete moderado induzido em diferentes fases da vida de ratas Wistar: repercussões na reprodução materna e na freqüência de anomalias fetais

Experimental models are necessary to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms not yet understood in humans. To evaluate the repercussions of the diabetes, considering two methodologies, on the pregnancy of Wistar rats and on the development of their offspring. In the 1st induction, female offspring were distributed into two experimental groups: Group streptozotocin (STZ, n=67): received the β-cytotoxic agent (100mg STZ/kg body weight - sc) on the 1st day of the life; and Non-diabetic Group (ND, n=14): received the vehicle in a similar time period. In the adult life, the animals were mated. After a positive diagnosis of pregnancy (0), female rats from group STZ presenting with lower glycemia than 120 mg/dL received more 20 mg STZ/kg (ip) at day 7 of pregnancy (2nd induction). The female rats with glycemia higher than 120mg/dL were discarded because they reproduced results already found in the literature. In the mornings of days 0, 7, 14 and 21 of the pregnancy glycemia was determined. At day 21 of pregnancy (at term), the female rats were anesthetized and killed for maternal reproductive performance and fetal development analysis. The data were analyzed using Student-Newman-Keuls, Chi-square and Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) Tests (p<0.05). STZ rats presented with increased rates of pre (STZ=22.0%; ND=5.1%) and post-implantation losses (STZ=26.1%; ND=5.7%), reduced rates of fetuses with appropriate weight for gestational age (STZ=66%; ND=93%) and reduced degree of development (ossification sites). Conclusion: Mild diabetes led a negative impact on maternal reproductive performance and caused intrauterine growth restriction and impaired fetal development