970 resultados para DAILY LIFE
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RODRIGUES, M. P.; LIMA, K. C.; RONCALLI, A. G. A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal. Ciênc. Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82. 2008. ISSN 1413-8123.
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Na presença da estomia, o idoso pode apresentar maior grau de complicações e dificuldades no processo de adaptação, talvez porque a estomia envolva significados que dizem respeito à auto-imagem e à presença/aumento de dependência. Resgatar a necessidade do autocuidado do idoso em relação à saúde é fundamental para que, no cuidado, se obtenha sua participação e mobilização diária quanto à formulação do processo educativo em saúde. Este estudo tem como objetivos identificar as características do idoso estomizado, atendido em um serviço de estomaterapia e propor uma gerontotecnologia educativa que venha a contribuir no cuidado de idosos estomizados, à luz da Complexidade, de Edgar Morin. Foi realizada uma pesquisa, com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, tendo como local um serviço de estomaterapia, o qual possibilitou contato com fichas cadastrais e via telefone com os sujeitos e, depois, com o domicílio do idoso, no Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os sujeitos do estudo totalizaram 4 (quatro) idosos, sendo três mulheres e um homem. Foram utilizados, como instrumento, o formulário e o ecomapa, e como técnicas, a entrevista, a observação assistemática e a gravação. Foram respeitadas as normas éticas. A análise dos dados deu-se por: 1) leitura exaustiva dos dados; 2) apresentação dos casos e seus ecomapas tendo como suporte a Complexidade de Edgar Morin; 3) redescoberta de conceitos, a priori, que ilustraram a visão do idoso com estomia: ser humano idoso estomizado complexo, saúde complexa do idoso estomizado, cuidado complexo ao idoso estomizado e sua família. Por fim, elaborou-se uma cartilha educativa, junto ao idoso, como facilitadora para o autocuidado. Quanto aos resultados, verificou-se que cada idoso estomizado está permeado por situações pontuais e, a partir disso, percebeu-se diferentes concepções recursivas e formas de enfrentamento na adaptação. A aceitação da mudança corporal e psicológica mostrou-se mais fácil, quando se verificou apoio familiar, instrução técnica anterior ou presença de pessoas conhecidas. O enfrentamento da doença e a possibilidade da morte são aspectos presentes para os idosos e que limitam suas atividades de vida diária. Assim, surgiram conceitos que contemplaram o ser humano em sua totalidade, com incertezas e significados. A visão que transcende a complexidade da estomia engloba um cuidado que busca integrar a família do idoso com estomia, estimulando-o ao autocuidado e ao acolhimento diário, reforçando a auto-estima, como estratégia de recomeço em meio a desafios permanentes: ser idoso e ter uma estomia. Lançar um novo olhar sobre a temática idoso estomizado é complexo, exigindo abordagem multidimensional das características que o envolvem. Acreditase que mudanças favoráveis poderão advir após implementação de um programa de educação em saúde que contemple a singularidade das questões que envolvem o idoso estomizado e suas necessidades.
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RODRIGUES, Maisa Paulino; LIMA, Kenio Costa de; RONCALLI, Angelo Giuseppe. A representaçao social do cuidado no programa saúde da familia na cidade de Natal. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82, 2008.Disponivel em:
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This work investigates the using of kitchens of the apartments of PLANO 100 in Natal-RN, through one method s set of the functional and behavior evaluation. The theme was selected through of the emergence of the many questions that sought to understand what manners how individuals relates to the constructed space, what was the possible changes caused by these relation, also verifying how this space interferes in a daily life of theirs users. This research to search answers what to improve of the study s object and in futures production s architectonic too. The used approach combined an overview of new kinds of familiar arrangements and the evolution process of the brazilian s kitchens within social context of Brazil, with APO (Post-Occupation Evaluation), techniques through a physical space survey, questionnaires and interviews with users. Beyond to APO s implements were applied behavior setting s techniques too, what presented the most knowledge about to satisfactions levels pointed by the users
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Although functional recovery could be advocated as an achievable treatment goal, many effective interventions for the treatment of psychotic symptoms, such as antipsychotic drugs, may not improve functioning. The last two decades of cognitive and clinical research on schizophrenia were a turning point for the firm acknowledgment of how relevant social cognitive deficits and negative symptoms could be in predicting psychosocial functioning. The relevance of social cognition dysfunction in schizophrenia patients’ daily living is now unabated. In fact, social cognition deficits could be the most significant predictor of functionality in patients with schizophrenia, non-redundantly with neurocognition. Emerging evidence suggests that negative symptoms appear to play an indirect role, mediating the relationship between neurocognition and social cognition with functional outcomes. Further explorations of this mediating role of negative symptoms have revealed that motivational deficits appear to be particularly important in explaining the relationship between both neurocognitive and social cognitive dysfunction and functional outcomes in schizophrenia. In this paper we will address the relative contribution of two key constructs—social cognitive deficits and negative symptoms, namely how intertwined they could be in daily life functioning of patients with schizophrenia.
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The most remarkable difficulty of audiovisual translation is related to the translation of dialogues, which are supposed to reproduce the features of a more or less spontaneous oral language. This paper aims to analyze the difficulties and the strategies adopted for the translation into Spanish of the film Entre les murs (2008). This film, which depicts the daily life of a group of students and their teachers, is known for being a reflection of a French social reality, namely the reality for young people who live in the suburbs, which constitutes a particular universe. From a linguistic point of view, this reality is defined by the use of an oral register, a language characteristic of young people and by the presence of slang, specially the so-called verlan.
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Recent studies concerning the landscape have investigated the most important activities that contribute for its modification and have tried to better understand the society through the marks left by its quotidian. It is understood that singular landscapes constitute the cultural patrimonies of the cities, once they are part of the daily life of the citizens and are present in their social representations. Some contemporary authors defend the preservation of the natural and urban landscape trying, specially, to keep its importance for the local population. Natal is a city where the ambient qualities are well defined and known by the beauty of the area where it is located. Situated just between a river and the sea, the city grew following its geographic characteristics. The Potengi River, the Atlantic Ocean and the vast dunes ecosystem represented natural limits to the urban expansion; at the same time they have favored the development of a landscape pattern marked by the dialectic between the natural elements and the human interventions. However, this relationship changed after the intensification of the high rising development process that took place since the 1960s. The urban legislation tried to preserve the features of the local landscape delimiting Areas for Controlling Building High , destined to protect the scenic value of some parts of the city. On the other hand, the civil construction sector has made constant pressure in sense to abolish or to modify this legal instrument, aiming profits that have increased, in the 1990s, because of the consumption and the qualification of the urban space for tourist activities. It is necessary the raising of new elements to stimulate the quarrel about the landscape preservation, the process of the urban space production and the best way for the legislation implementation. This work tries to raise elements about the subject at local level, in sense to use Natal City experience to contribute for the formulation of indicators to raise the question about the lack of measure for subjective values, for example the cultural and affective value of the landscape. The natural elements inserted in the urban profile, represent strong visual references and supply identity to the town; they are part of the collective imaginary and are detached in the social context of the city. Then, why the preservation of the landscape, that estimates the improvement in the quality of life, is not enough to justify the controlling building high already previewed as part of Natal City Legislation? These questions send us to the approach of the landscape, as a community patrimony, alerting that some of its significant esthetics attributes must be preserved as a legacy for the future generations
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The actor is an actor during all the phases of creation and development of his character. (S) He goes beyond the moment of interpreting. In this sense, in her (his) daily life, the actor may use her (his) potential to extract from reality the necessary elements for the work of creation. This is a theoretical research which focus on the concept of presence in the actor s work, stretching the concept beyond the scene, encompassing different components such as the body, the word, the silence, the technique and the acting as the actor s stance in regards to his own reality. The objective of such stance is to integrate him (her) self in the environment, balancing his (hers) inner life with the outside life flow. To reach this objective, the research drew theoretical resources from the concept of presence in the actor s work according to BROOK, BARBA, GROTOWSKI and MNOUCHKINE and the studies on reception theory in ISER, 1996; GUMBRECHT, 2010. Thus, the dialogue between reader and actor high lights both as receivers in this work. A practical description of a street theater Kamchàtka show, featured by the Kamchàtka Company is used as an example of the research on the presence. The elements localized in this show are: play, listening, word, silence, meaning, relationship with here and now and the effects of the said presence
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El presente artículo muestra cómo Internet se convierte en una herramienta de comunicación importante para reconfigurar la red social primaria del adulto mayor, fracturada por efecto de la migración. En la investigación que le da origien, se pudo constatar que hoy esta red se encuentra dividida en red primaria natural, conformada por los parientes y amigos con los que comparte el día a día, y red primaria virtual, integrada por los parientes migrantes. El escrito centra su interés en presentar las características de la red primaria virtual en la que el adulto mayor se vio impelido a participar para satisfacer sus necesidades comunicacionales. Esta red cumple la función de mantener, pero no de extender, su red social primaria. Los resultados dan cuenta de 4 aspectos: las competencias digitales desarrolladas por el adulto mayor, la estructura, las funciones y los atributos de vínculo de la red primaria virtual. Para ello se acudió a autores como Cabrera, Castell; Madarriaga, Abello & Sierra; Narváez A.; Soto, Navarro & Sánchez; Tovar & Villarraga. La investigación fue de tipo etnográfico, con enfoque cualitativo. Se aplicaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Para el tratamiento de la información se utilizó la teoría Fundamentad, de Strauss & Corbin (2002).
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This thesis examines how married couples bought and created a modern home for their families in suburban Glasgow between 1945-1975. New homeowners were on the cusp of the middle-classes, buying in a climate of renters. As they progressed through the family lifecycle women’s return to work meant they became more comfortably ensconced within the middle-classes. Engaged with a process of homemaking through consumption and labour, couples transformed their houses into homes that reflected themselves and their social status. The interior of the home was focused on as a site of social relations. Marriage in the suburbs was one of collaboration as each partner performed distinct gender roles. The idea of a shared home was investigated and the story of ‘we’ rather than ‘I’ emerged from both testimony and contemporary literature. This thesis considers decision-making, labour and leisure to show the ways in which experiences of home were gendered. What emerged was that women’s work as everyday and mundane was overlooked and undervalued while husband’s extraordinary contributions in the form of DIY came to the fore. The impact of wider culture intruded upon the ‘private’ home as we see they ways in which the position of women in society influences their relationship to the home and their family. In the suburbs of post-war Glasgow women largely left the workforce to stay at home with their children. Mothers popped in and out of each other houses for tea and a blether, creating a homosocial network that was sociable and supportive unique to this time in their lives and to this historical context. Daily life was negotiated within the walls of the modern home. The inter-war suburbs of Glasgow needed modernising to post-war standards of modern living. ‘Modern’ was both an aesthetic and an engagement with new technologies within the house. Both middle and working-class practices for room use were found through the keeping of a ‘good’ or best room and the determination of couples to eat in their small kitchenettes. As couples updated their kitchen, the fitted kitchen revealed contemporary notions of modern décor, as kitchens became bright yellow with blue Formica worktops. The modern home was the evolution of existing ideas of modern combined with new standards of living. As Glasgow homeowners constructed their modern home what became evident was that this was a shared process and as a couple they placed their children central to all aspects of their lives to create not only a modern home, but that this was first and foremost a family home
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Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico.
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Investigar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com coinfecção HIV/ tuberculose e apreender as mudanças impostas para viver simultaneamente com estas doenças transmissíveis. Métodos: Pesquisa com abordagem qualiquantitativa, realizada em ambulatório especializado em Fortaleza, Brasil, entre 2009 e 2010, com 34 coinfectados. Para coleta de dados foi utilizada uma escala de qualidade de vida, denominada HAT-QoL que possui 42 itens e questões abertas para possibilitar perceber as mudanças em face das doenças. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes tinha tuberculose na forma pulmonar, eram homens, com pouca escolaridade. A qualidade de vida mostrou-se prejudicada nos domínios relacionados às questões econômicas, sexuais e de sigilo. Ainda, foi evidenciado, que a coinfecção impõe mudanças no cotidiano que corroboram e ampliam o comprometimento da qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Vivenciar a coinfecção, mesmo com terapêutica adequada, produz alterações na vida dos infectados, cujas repercussões podem ser amenizadas com intervenções que promovam a saúde
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O objetivo dessa dissertação de mestrado em Educação é questionar, analisar e compreender alguns dos modos como a política pública de formação continuada em gênero e sexualidade para professoras/es das redes públicas abordam o tema da homofobia. A homofobia, em linhas gerais, relaciona-se a atitudes de violência (física, psicológica) e atitudes de interdição, controle e vigilância de comportamentos sexuais não-heterocentrados e/ou não representados pelos padrões identitários de gênero. Assim, o presente estudo, financiado pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul – FAPERGS, desenvolvido em três escolas Públicas Municipais de Ensino Fundamental dos municípios de Rio Grande e São José do Norte-RS, busca, sobretudo, perceber como esse tema se desdobra nos currículos, aqueles experimentados nos cotidianos das escolas dos sujeitos dessa investigação. Para tanto, seguimos como referencial teórico as contribuições de autoras/es que propõem problematizar a educação a partir de uma corrente de pensamento crítico e da Filosofia da Diferença. Como caminho metodológico, realizamos rodas de conversa nas escolas, análise de documentos e inserção no cotidiano de uma escola. As narrativas interessantes para a pesquisa denotam que no espaço escolar a homofobia ainda é um tema sensível e está engendrada com outras problemáticas, como racismo e classismo, e muitas vezes não é percebida; as formações continuadas necessitam estar diretamente ligadas ao cotidiano escolar, contribuindo para uma (re)significação dos fazeres pedagógicos.
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Résumé : Le vieillissement démographique est statistiquement indiscutable au Québec. Ce singulier trompeur masque les différentes manières de vieillir. Pour ceux qui ne parviennent pas à vieillir en santé, les solidarités familiales, comme les solidarités institutionnelles, c’est à dire publiques viennent en principe compenser ce qu’il est convenu de désigner de perte d’autonomie. Les politiques de santé publique au Québec organisent les services de soutien à domicile sous condition d’avoir estimé la situation de la personne avec l’outil d’évaluation multiclientèle (OEMC). Il est en usage dans l’ensemble du réseau de la santé et des services sociaux, et utilisé par les professionnels dont les travailleuses et les travailleurs sociaux (TS). Or, la gérontologie est peu soutenue dans la formation initiale des TS. Nous nous sommes interrogée sur les savoirs mobilisés par les TS quand ils évaluent. S’agissant des savoirs inscrits dans la pratique, nous avons orienté la recherche dans les théories de l’activité, la didactique professionnelle et le cadre conceptuel de la médiation. Nous avons étudié l’activité de professionnels en travail social expérimentés afin d’identifier certains des savoirs mobilisés pour les rendre disponibles à la formation des étudiant (e)s en travail social au Québec. Cent-cinquante heures d’observations et vingt-deux entretiens individuels et collectifs ont été réalisés avec des intervenants volontaires du service de soutien à domicile. Les résultats préliminaires de la recherche ont été présentés lors de groupes de discussion avec les TS ayant participé à la recherche, puis avec des enseignants en travail social. Nos résultats permettent de décrire les procédures de l’évaluation dans l’organisation du service d’aide à domicile et d’en différencier le processus de l’activité par laquelle le TS évalue l’autonomie fonctionnelle de la personne. Nous constatons que les savoirs mobilisés par les TS reposent premièrement sur une connaissance fine du territoire, de l’outil d’évaluation et des institutions. Un deuxième registre de savoir concerne la conceptualisation de l’autonomie fonctionnelle par l’outil OEMC comme objet et domaine d’intervention des TS. Enfin, un troisième registre se réfère aux savoirs mobilisés pour entrer en relation avec les personnes âgées, avec leur entourage. Or, ces trois registres de savoir n’apparaissent pas dans le discours des TS et résultent de notre propre analyse sur leur pratique. L’évaluation de l’autonomie fonctionnelle analysée par le concept de médiation est révélatrice du rapport aux savoirs du TS. S’agissant de savoirs de la pratique, nous constatons que leur classification entre les catégories usuelles de savoirs théoriques ou pratiques était inopérante. Nous empruntons le vocabulaire de la didactique professionnelle : celui des invariants opératoires reliés à l’autonomie fonctionnelle et celui des schèmes d’activité reliés à l’activité d’évaluation. C’est ainsi que nous avons identifié deux moments dans l’évaluation. Le premier assemble la collecte des informations et l’analyse des données. L’autonomie fonctionnelle se décline dans des conditions d’existence de la personne sur l’axe allant de la mobilité à la cognition avec comme balises d’intervention la sécurité et l’intégrité de la personne. Dans ce processus itératif, le TS identifie avec la personne ce qui nuit à son quotidien. L’évaluation formule comment résoudre cette incidence, comment la perte d’autonomie pourrait être compensée. La collecte d’information et le raisonnement du TS est alors un mouvement itératif, les deux éléments du processus sont liés et en continu. Le second moment de l’évaluation apparait si, dans le processus itératif, le TS perçoit une dissonance. Il est essentiel d’en identifier la nature pour la prendre en compte et maintenir la finalité de l’activité qui consiste à évaluer l’autonomie fonctionnelle à des fins compensatrices. Le TS doit identifier l’objet de la dissonance pour pouvoir cerner avec la personne le besoin inhérent à la perte d’autonomie et envisager d’y remédier. La prise en compte de cette dissonance vient ralentir le déroulement de l’activité. Le raisonnement qui, jusque-là, était relié à la collecte d’informations s’en dissocie pour analyser ce qui vient faire obstacle à l’activité d’évaluation à partir de la situation. Les composantes qui génèrent la dissonance paraissent reliées à la quotidienneté, aux conditions de vie à domicile de la personne (cohérence/incohérence, refus de services, autonégligence, maltraitance, agressivité). La dissonance génère une activité plus complexe pour évaluer la situation. L’autonomie fonctionnelle se décline toujours sur l’axe mobilité/cognition avec comme balises d’intervention la sécurité et l’intégrité de la personne. Or, pour ce faire, les TS raisonnent selon trois schèmes. Dans les situations où, pour décider de la suite du dossier, il faut en référer à une norme (de service, de profession, etc.) le raisonnement est déontologique. Il est aussi des situations où le TS agit au regard de valeurs et de représentations qui relèvent de sa sphère personnelle. Nous désignons ce raisonnement d’instinctuel. Enfin, le TS peut naviguer entre ces deux orientations et choisir la voie du raisonnement clinique que nous qualifions d’éthique et se rapproche alors des pratiques prudentielles qui sont marquées par l’incertitude.
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A presente dissertação pretende contribuir para a compreensão dos processos de patrimonialização. Especificamente, exploram-se contextos quotidianos associados à prática do Cante Alentejano, delineando as suas reconfigurações e manifestações contemporâneas. A pesquisa é ancorada metodologicamente em investigação etnográfica na localidade de Santo Aleixo da Restauração (Moura). Neste contexto empírico, caracterizam-se os espaços sociais onde é desenvolvido o quotidiano do Cante Alentejano, de forma a perceber o dualismo entre a sua prática quotidiana e aquilo que é a sua patrimonialização, tal como é percepcionada pelos atores sociais locais; Abstract: This dissertation aims to contribute to the understanding of processes of heritagization. Specifically, we explore contexts of daily practice of Cante Alentejano and identify the current manifestations and reconfigurations of this practice. Methodologically, research is based in an ethnography conducted in the locality of Santo Aleixo da Restauração (Moura). In this empirical context, we analyse daily social spaces where Cante Alentejano has been developed, with the purpose of understanding the dualism between this daily practice and the process of patrimonialization, as i tis perceived by local social actors.