Coaching knowledge, learning and mentoring in the Australian Football League

Understanding the work of Senior and Assistant Coaches in the AFL is important to better develop the next generation of performance coaches. Hence the focus of this research was to examine the knowledge, competences and learning of senior and assistant coaches in the Australian Football League. Specifically, the research sought to understand the ways in which Senior and Assistant Coaches in the AFL have come to know their “craft” with the particular aim of enhancing future coaching practice. Performance coaching is generally regarded as a cognitive activity and therefore “getting inside the heads” of AFL coaches will assist in our understanding of the complex coaching work in which they are engaged. In-depth interviews provided coaches an opportunity to reflect on their practices and how they learned their craft. Fundamental to this research was an understanding that the AFL and each club within the league be regarded as learning organizations and workplaces where learning takes place. Moreover the process of mentoring is regarded as a central learning process and a significant factor contributing to improved professional coaching practice. This applied research aims to inform coach development in Australian football, the annual review process (quality of performance) of employed coaches, and the recruitment of coaches in the AFL. Improving the quality of coaching in the AFL will, in turn, improve the performance of the players and teams, and subsequently enhance the continued development and sustainability of the game.

Solar photovoltaic assistance for LHB rail coaches

Awareness for the need of sustainable and eco-friendly mobility has been increasing and various innovations are taking place in this regard. A study was carried out to assess the feasibility of installing solar photovoltaic (PV) modules atop train coaches. Most long-distance trains having LHB coaches do not have self-generating systems, thus making power cars mandatory to supply the required power for lighting loads. Feasibility of supplementing diesel generator sets with power from solar PV modules installed on coach rooftops has been reported in this communication. Not only is there a conservation of fuel, there is also a significant reduction in CO2 emissions. This work has shown that the area available on coach rooftops is more than sufficient to generate the required power, during sunlight hours, for the electrical loads of a non-A/C coach even during winter. All calculations were done keeping a standard route as the reference. Taking the cost of diesel to be Rs 66/litre, it was estimated that there will be annual savings of Rs 5,900,000 corresponding to 90,800 litres diesel per rake per year by implementing this scheme. The installation cost of solar modules would be recovered within 2-3 years. Implementation of this scheme would also amount to an annual reduction of 239 tonnes of CO2 emissions.

Automatismos y racionalidad en la toma de decisiones para sustituir a un deportista en momentos decisivos

[ES] Cada vez más el deporte-espectáculo se está abriendo paso como objeto de estudio en los centros de investigación avanzada, como consecuencia de la necesidad de gestionar los altos presupuestos de las entidades deportivas.

Evolución del entrenamiento de fútbol en los últimos cincuenta años

[ES] El presente trabajo se centra en analizar la evolución que han sufrido los métodos y sistemas de entrenamiento en el futbol en los últimos cincuenta años. Con el objetivo de conocer que cambios se han dado, hacia que tendencias se ha movido el entrenamiento y que tendencias de entrenamiento se han dejado de emplear. También trataremos de explicar cómo y porque se han ido incorporando nuevos integrantes en los cuerpos técnicos de los equipos, desde los tiempos en los que solo había primer entrenador hasta actualmente, junto con el avance en el entrenamiento de la técnica, la táctica y la preparación física. Para ello, hemos realizado una revisión bibliográfica además de dos entrevistas.

Estudio de caso de Organización de Empresas: IBERDROLA y su Programa SAVIA

Fenómenos como la globalización y la tecnología traen consigo cambios que están alterando las reglas del juego en el mundo empresarial. La protagonista del panorama actual es la innovación y para trabajar en ello las claves del éxito son la motivación, el trabajo en equipo y un rol directivo que evolucione hacia el papel de Líder-Coach-Facilitador, afirmando la importancia de los factores organizacionales. Bajo estas premisas, a lo largo del documento se analizan las áreas organizativas de trabajo en equipo, de comunicación, de liderazgo y de motivación, reflejadas en una empresa referente como es IBERDROLA, que profundiza y recopila los aspectos mencionados en su modelo de competencias al que denomina Programa SAVIA. A partir de ahí y siguiendo el camino de la mejora continua, se plantearán unas propuestas personales.

Implantação da assistência humanizada ao parto em Juiz de Fora (1998-2001)

Trata-se de um estudo de natureza histórico-social do tempo presente. O objeto é a implantação do modelo humanizado de assistência ao parto em Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, no período de 1998 a 2001. Os objetivos do estudo são: descrever as circunstâncias de criação da Comissão Interinstitucional para Redução da Cesariana e Proteção ao Parto Normal; analisar as estratégias da Comissão Interinstitucional para Redução da Cesariana e Proteção ao Parto Normal e a implantação do modelo humanizado de assistência ao parto na cidade de Juiz de Fora; analisar os efeitos da participação das enfermeiras obstétricas no campo obstétrico. O estudo apoia-se nas noções teóricas de campo, habitus, poder simbólico, luta simbólica e capital do sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu. Na análise foi realizada a triangulação de dados, através da articulação da documentação oral e escrita à luz das noções teóricas. A criação da Comissão Interinstitucional para Redução da Cesariana e Proteção ao Parto Normal foi uma estratégia elaborada na esfera da gestão pública da cidade. Teve início no dia 26 de fevereiro de 1998 no Departamento de Programação e Acompanhamento SMS/JF. As estratégias utilizadas pela Comissão para implantar o modelo humanizado de assistência ao parto foram: a elaboração e a implantação de um Plano de Ação com ações de informações e sensibilização dos médicos e da população; formação de Recursos Humanos para implantar as práticas obstétricas humanizadas, com a criação do Curso de Especialização em Enfermagem Obstétrica; e a reconfiguração do campo obstétrico com o projeto de criação da Casa de Parto. Como efeitos da implantação do modelo humanizado de assistência ao parto foi evidenciado que, a partir de 2001, enfermeiras obstétricas, egressas do Curso de Especialização em Enfermagem Obstétrica/Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), começaram a ocupar espaços nas salas de partos de duas Maternidades da cidade, e em 2005, foi criada a Lei Municipal do Acompanhante.

Empatia e treinadores esportivos brasileiros: um estudo exploratório

A empatia é considerada uma característica humana que se constrói na relação entre as pessoas e está envolvida no estabelecimento de relacionamentos e interações sociais de qualidade. O termo empatia é usado para descrever sentimentos, expressões e comportamentos que qualificam o indivíduo a reconhecer, perceber e responder apropriadamente aos estados emocionais dos outros. A psicologia estuda a empatia em diversos contextos e em diferentes perspectivas teóricas. Entre essas correntes teóricas, a psicologia evolucionista, que embasa esse estudo, compreende a empatia como sendo uma habilidade evolutivamente importante para a sobrevivência da espécie humana ao aumentar a coesão grupal e para manutenção dos relacionamentos sociais. Particularmente, no contexto esportivo o estudo da empatia entre treinadores e atletas, em comparação com outras áreas da psicologia (como aconselhamento, terapia e educação), quase não existe, principalmente com treinadores brasileiros. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a empatia em treinadores esportivos brasileiros. Para responder a este propósito foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva e correlacional. Os dados foram obtidos de um total de cem treinadores que responderam ao Inventário de Empatia (IE) (Falcone et a.l, 2008), ao Questionário de Empatia no Contexto Esportivo (QECE) e ao Questionário de informações sociodemográficas. Os dados descritivos apontam que os treinadores participantes tinham idade média de 37,05 anos (DP = 8,27) e atuavam em média há 12,19 anos (DP = 8,52). Foram realizados Teste t de Student, com os dados coletados por meio do IE, e Qui-quadrado, com os dados coletados pelo QECE. Esses testes de comparações de médicas possibilitaram identificar os efeitos independentes das variáveis explicativas (ex-atleta, nível competitivo, categoria, nível de experiência, grau de instrução e sexo) sobre os escores do IE e do QECE. Houve diferença significativa para o fator TP (p = 0,044) e a variável ex-atleta, sendo o grupo de treinadores que não foram ex-atletas os que tiveram maior média nesse fator. Existiu diferença significativa para o fator sensibilidade afetiva (p = 0,019) e a variável experiência, sendo que a maior média encontrada está para os respondentes com pouca experiência. No fator Flexibilidade Interpessoal com relação à variável nível competitivo, houve diferença significativa (p= 0,038) sendo a maior média para treinadores da iniciação esportiva. Em síntese, esse estudo indica que treinadores que não foram atletas no passado têm maior possibilidade de compreender e atender as exigências dos atletas, treinadores menos experientes tendem a ter maior preocupação ou consideração pelas necessidades dos outros e uma tendência a agir de acordo com essas necessidades do que treinadores mais experientes e treinadores que atuam na iniciação esportiva demonstraram ter mais facilidade em aceitar pontos de vista diferentes do que treinadores do alto rendimento. Conclui-se que o fato do treinador ter sido atleta, a experiência e o nível competitivo contribuem de modo diferenciado na empatia dos treinadores, denominada de empatia esportiva que se desenvolve na ambivalência do contexto esportivo e mostra-se importante na relação treinador e atleta

Towards real-time profiling of sprints using wearable pressure sensors

On-body sensor systems for sport are challenging since the sensors must be lightweight and small to avoid discomfort, and yet robust and highly accurate to withstand and capture the fast movements associated with sport. In this work, we detail our experience of building such an on-body system for track athletes. The paper describes the design, implementation and deployment of an on-body sensor system for sprint training sessions. We autonomously profile sprints to derive quantitative metrics to improve training sessions. Inexpensive Force Sensitive Resistors (FSRs) are used to capture foot events that are subsequently analysed and presented back to the coach. We show how to identify periods of sprinting from the FSR data and how to compute metrics such as ground contact time. We evaluate our system using force plates and show that millisecond-level accuracy is achievable when estimating contact times. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Phylogeography of the Northern Atlantic species Chondrus crispus (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) inferred from nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequences

Eighteen isolates of the red algae Chondrus crispus were collected from Northern Atlantic sites, together with C. ocellatus, C. yendoi and C. pinnulatus from the North Pacific. The nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was sequenced and compared, spanning both the ITS regions and the 5.8S rRNA gene. Percentage of nucleotide variation for C. crispus ranged from 0.3% to 4.0%. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum parsimony (MP), neighbor-joining (NJ) and minimum evolution methods. They showed that two main clades existed within the C. crispus samples examined and that suggested C. crispus had a single Atlantic origin. The clustering however did not follow the geographic origin. We hypothesized that the current distribution of C. crispus populations might be a result of three main factors: temperature boundaries, paleoclimate and paleoceanography. ITS data exhibited abundant molecular information not only for phylogeographical investigation but also for systematics studies.

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis of genetic variation of Chondrus crispus populations from North Atlantic

ISSR analysis was used to investigate genetic variations of 184 haploid and diploid samples from nine North Atlantic Chondrus crispus Stackhouse populations and one outgroup Yellow Sea Chondrus ocellatus Holmes population. Twenty-two of 50 primers were selected and 163 loci were scored for genetic diversity analysis. Genetic diversity varied among populations, percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) ranged from 27.0 to 55.8%, H(Nei's genetic diversity) ranged from 0.11 to 0.20 and I(Shannon's information index) ranged from 0.16 to 0.30. Estimators PPB, H and I had similar values in intra-population genetic diversity, regardless of calculation methods. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) apportioned inter-population and intra-population variations for C crispus, showing more genetic variance (56.5%) occurred in intra-population, and 43.5% variation among nine populations. The Mantel test suggested that genetic differentiation between nine C. crispus populations was closely related with geographic distances (R = 0.78, P = 0.002). Results suggest that, on larger distance scale (ca. > 1000 km), ISSR analysis is useful for determining genetic differentiations of C crispus populations including morphologically inseparable haploid and diploid individuals. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Entorhinal cortex volume in older adults: reliability and validity considerations for three published measurement protocols.

Measuring the entorhinal cortex (ERC) is challenging due to lateral border discrimination from the perirhinal cortex. From a sample of 39 nondemented older adults who completed volumetric image scans and verbal memory indices, we examined reliability and validity concerns for three ERC protocols with different lateral boundary guidelines (i.e., Goncharova, Dickerson, Stoub, & deToledo-Morrell, 2001; Honeycutt et al., 1998; Insausti et al., 1998). We used three novice raters to assess inter-rater reliability on a subset of scans (216 total ERCs), with the entire dataset measured by one rater with strong intra-rater reliability on each technique (234 total ERCs). We found moderate to strong inter-rater reliability for two techniques with consistent ERC lateral boundary endpoints (Goncharova, Honeycutt), with negligible to moderate reliability for the technique requiring consideration of collateral sulcal depth (Insausti). Left ERC and story memory associations were moderate and positive for two techniques designed to exclude the perirhinal cortex (Insausti, Goncharova), with the Insausti technique continuing to explain 10% of memory score variance after additionally controlling for depression symptom severity. Right ERC-story memory associations were nonexistent after excluding an outlier. Researchers are encouraged to consider challenges of rater training for ERC techniques and how lateral boundary endpoints may impact structure-function associations.

Health coaching for glaucoma care: a pilot study using mixed methods.

INTRODUCTION: Adherence to glaucoma medications is essential for successful treatment of the disease but is complex and difficult for many of our patients. Health coaching has been used successfully in the treatment of other chronic diseases. This pilot study explores the use of health coaching for glaucoma care. METHODS: A mixed methods study design was used to assess the health coaching intervention for glaucoma patients. The health coaching intervention consisted of four to six health coaching sessions with a certified health coach via telephone. Quantitative measures included demographic and health information, adherence to glaucoma medications (using the visual analog adherence scale and medication event monitoring system), and an exit survey rating the experience. Qualitative measures included a precoaching health questionnaire, notes made by the coach during the intervention, and an exit interview with the subjects at the end of the study. RESULTS: Four glaucoma patients participated in the study; all derived benefits from the health coaching. Study subjects demonstrated increased glaucoma drop adherence in response to the coaching intervention, in both visual analog scale and medication event monitoring system. Study subjects' qualitative feedback reflected a perceived improvement in both eye and general health self-care. The subjects stated that they would recommend health coaching to friends or family members. CONCLUSION: Health coaching was helpful to the glaucoma patients in this study; it has the potential to improve glaucoma care and overall health.

La existencia de necesidades de información y comportamiento informativo en los entrenadores en deportes de combate

Este trabajo tiene como propósito esencial, realizar un acercamiento para detectar e identificar las necesidades de información y el comportamiento informativo de entrenadores en deportes de combate. Para ello se aplicó un cuestionario a instructores de aikido, boxeo, esgrima, judo, karate, kendo, lima lama, lucha y taekwondo seleccionados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por causalidad. En general encontramos que los principales temas de interés entre los instructores son: los programas de entrenamiento, nutrición y dietas de entrenamiento. Por otra parte, los entrenadores son más propensos a utilizar su experiencia, internet y cursos para obtener información. En contraste se nota que la biblioteca y los libros son poco usados.

Voices from higher up the ladder:Exploring the team leader role in call centres

This paper focuses on an under-researched employee category in the call centre literature-the team leader. The paper, drawing on data from nine Australian call centres, finds that the team leader role is integral to the effectiveness of call centres, yet it is a role that consists of considerable complexity and contradictions. The research demonstrates the critical role performed by team leaders: coach, mentor, trainer, performance evaluator, communicator and supervisor. It also shows team leaders as being far more positive about many of the features of the call centre work environment compared with those on the front line. However, there does appear to be a need for greater acknowledgement of their challenging role, the contradictions that are inherent in the job and the need, in many cases, for increased support being made available to assist. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.