La figure de la sorcière dans la littérature du XIXe siècle (Jules Michelet, George Sand, Eliza Orzeszkowa)

The nineteenth century uncovered and analysed the tragic episodes of witch-hunting and ‘witch’ trials common in Renaissance Europe. Fascinating not only to historians, this subject also inspired men of letters who popularized the image of the witch as an old, ugly and evil person, who thus deserved her lot. Jules Michelet’s La sorcière of 1862 takes a very different approach. Simultaneously a literary and historical work, the book proved scandalous as it rehabilitated the figure of the witch, shedding favourable light on her image: it was the witch who was able to save a last spark of humanity in moments of despair; it was she who acted as comforter and healer to the people. In the context of nineteenth-century literature, certain works by female authors that focused on ‘witches,’ stand out. Whilst certain male authors (Michelet included) presented the witch as a figure from the past, who had finally perished in the 17th century, texts such as George Sand’s La petite Fadette (1848) or Eliza Orzeszkowa’s Dziurdziowie (1885), suggest that the end of witch trials did not imply an end to accusations, persecutions, and even executions of ‘witches’ – and, that in terms of culture, witchcraft or sorcery had not disappeared from the societies they knew.

GPR Reflection Profiles of Clark and Commonwealth Glaciers, Dry Valleys, Antarctica

Englacial horizons deeper than 100 m are absent within 100 MHz ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surface profiles we recorded on Clark and Commonwealth Glaciers in the Antarctic Dry Valleys region. Both glaciers show continuous bottom horizons to 280 m, with bottom signal-to-noise ratios near 30 dB. Density horizons should fade below 50 m depth because impermeable ice occurred by 36 m. Folding within Commonwealth Glacier could preclude radar strata beneath about 80 m depth, but there is no significant folding within Clark Glacier. Strong sulfate concentrations and contrasts exist in our shallow ice core. However, it appears that high background concentration levels, and possible decreased concentration contrasts with depth placed their corresponding reflection coefficients at the limit of, or below, our system sensitivity by about 77 m depth. Further verification of this conclusion awaits processing of our deep-core chemistry profiles.

Elegie als Frau Francisca, Freyinn von Arnstein, geb. Itzig, am 8. Juny 1818 uns entrissen wurde

(Verf.[[Elektronische Ressource]] : Riedinger)

Festschrift zum hundertjährigen Bestehen des Israelitischen Tempels in Hamburg 1818 - 1918

hrsg. von D. Leimdörfer

[Nicht-ärztliches Tagebuch: Januar - Mai 1752]

Handschrift

[Nicht-ärztliches Tagebuch: Juni - Dezember 1752]

Handschrift

An di remišin keisrlichi oich in Germanien und tzu Jerušalajim kiniglichi maiśṭeṭ ... : kunkuluzum fon 7. nowembr ... 1752 ... tzu der zochin Dawid Me'ir Juda ... enṭgegin ... Lib Aizik un Ziskind Zamuel Šṭerin ...

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