Panorama de la agricultura de América Latina y el Caribe, 1990-2000 = Survey of agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1990-2000

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Agricultura y desarrollo rural en América Latina

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Raquianestesia contínua em paciente submetido à gastrectomia parcial. Relato de caso

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Due to the high incidence of technical and neurological complications, continuous spinal blocks were not performed for several years. With the advent of intermediate catheters the technique has been used more often and gaining acceptance among anesthesiologists. The objective of this report was to demonstrate the usefulness of the technique as a viable alternative for medium and major size surgeries. CASE REPORT: This is a 58 years old female patient, weighing 62 kg, physical status ASA I, with a history of migraines, low back pain, and prior surgeries under spinal block without intercurrence. The patient was scheduled for exploratory laparotomy for a probable pelvic tumor. After venoclysis with an 18G catheter, monitoring with cardioscope, non-invasive blood pressure and pulse oximetry was instituted; she was sedated with 2 mg of midazolam and 100 μg of fentanyl, and placed in left lateral decubitus. The patient underwent continuous spinal block through the median approach in L 3-L 4; 9 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine and 120 μ g of morphine sulfate were administered. Inspection of the abdominal cavity revealed a gastric stromal tumor that required an increase in the incision for a partial gastrectomy. A small dose of hyperbaric solution was required for the entire procedure, which was associated with complete hemodynamic stability. Postoperative admission to the ICU was not necessary; the patient presented a good evolution without complaints and with a high degree of satisfaction. She was discharged from the hospital after 72 hours without intercurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Intermediate catheters used in continuous spinal blocks have shown the potential to turn it an attractive and useful technique in medium and large size surgeries and it can even be an effective alternative in the management of critical patients to whom hemodynamic repercussions can be harmful.

El cambio tecnológico en la agricultura parcelaria en Colombia

Examina el mejoramiento científico y tecnológico del medio rural de Colombia en los últimos años.

El financiamiento de la agricultura campesina: reflexiones generales

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Inserción de la agricultura latinoamericana en el mercado internacional: repercusiones para el desarrollo rural

Comenta algunos aspectos de la inserción en el mercado internacional de las agriculturas de la región, refiriéndose a sus repercusiones para el desarrollo rural y más específicamente para la agricultura familiar.

Investigación con enfoque de sistemas en la agricultura campesina ecuatoriana

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Agroindustria y pequeña agricultura: vínculos, potencialidades y oportunidades comerciales

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Agroindustria y pequeña agricultura: experiencias y opciones de transformación

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Interpretación ambiental del desarrollo de la agricultura latinoamericana

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La ingeniería genética y la intensificación de la agricultura argentina: algunos comentarios críticos

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Influência de fontes de nitrogênio no consumo e digestibilidade aparente total e parcial de novilhos alimentados com cana- deaçúcar

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen sources, using sugarcane supplemented with urea, corn gluten meal-60 or soybean meal. It was evaluated Intake, total and partial apparent digestibility were evaluated using four rumen and duodenal cannulated crossbred steers. The treatments were evaluated in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The total feces were collected to determine the apparent digestibility on the total intestinal tract. The indigestible acid detergent fiber (iADF) was used as marker of duodenal flux to determine ruminal and intestinal digestibility and dry matter daily flux. The DM, OM, CP, EE, DE, NDF, ADF and TC intakes and digestibility rates were influenced by nitrogen sources, and lower intake was observed in animals fed exclusively with cane sugar compared to animals fed the other experimental diets. Meanwhile the sources of nitrogen did not affect the total digestible nutrients (TDN) values. The RDP sources did not affect the total, ruminal, and intestinal nutrients apparent digestibility. However, the total, ruminal, and intestinal dry matter, and protein apparent digestibility were affected by the RDP sources.

Competitividad, sostenibilidad e inclusión social en la agricultura: nuevas direcciones en el diseño de políticas en América Latina y el Caribe

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Antecedentes generales sobre la agricultura de los países andinos

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Infraestructura de riego en la agricultura campesina del Ecuador

Examina los componentes de los proyectos de apoyo al riego parcelario en el Ecuador: organización, capacitación, asesoramiento técnico, obras de infraestructura, crédito y comercialización.