Elinkeino-, liikenne- ja ympäristökeskusten palvelutyytyväisyystutkimus 2015 : Yhteenvetoraportti

Asiakkaat ovat pääosin tyytyväisiä ELY-keskusten tarjoamaan palveluun ja annettuja arvosanoja voidaan pitää erittäin hyvinä. ELY-keskusten valtakunnalliset keskimääräiset tyytyväisyysarvosanat ovat pysyneet käytännössä ennallaan edellisvuoden tutkimukseen nähden. Tätä voidaan pitää erittäin positiivisena huomioiden ELY-keskuksiin kohdistuneet sopeuttamistoimet ja niiden toimintaympä-ristössä tapahtuneet muutokset vuoden 2015 Vuoden 2015 palvelutyytyväisyystutkimuksessa oli mukana ELY-keskusten rahoitus-, maksatus-, lupa- ja valvontapalvelut. Lisäksi erillisenä tutkimuskohteena mukana oli ensimmäistä kertaa yritysten kehittämispalvelut (analyysi-, konsultointi- sekä koulutuspalvelut). Tutkimukseen osallistui kaikki ELY-keskukset lukuun ottamatta Lapin ja Pohjois-Pohjanmaan ELY-keskuksia, joiden osalta palvelutyy-tyväisyyskyselyitä ei tehty vuoden 2015 aikana. Vastauksia tutkimukseen saatiin yhteensä lähes 3500 kappaletta. ELY-keskusten asiakkailta saamien ”palvelu kokonaisuudessaan” tyytyväisyysarvosanojen valtakunnallinen keskiarvo on kaikkien pal-veluiden osalta yli neljä (4,10) eli tyytyväisyys oli laskenut hienoisesti vuoden 2014 tuloksista (4,13). Asiakkaat ovat antaneet korkeim-mat tyytyväisyysarvosanat ”asiantuntemuksesta” sekä ”ystävällisyydestä”. Muita tekijöitä alhaisemmat arvosanat on annettu ”asian käsittelynopeudelle”. Rahoituspalveluiden osalta kokonaisarvosana (3,98) on laskenut hivenen. Koettu palvelun ystävällisyys on pysynyt korkealla tasolla, mutta tyytyväisyys käsittelynopeuteen on laskenut. Maksatuspalveluiden osalta kokonaisarvosana (4,16) on pysynyt ennallaan ja tyyty-väisyys käsittelynopeuteen on parantunut. Lupapalveluiden osalta kokonaisarvosana (4,17) on pysynyt ennallaan. Sen sijaan asiakkai-den tyytyväisyys asiantuntemukseen, ystävällisyyteen ja päätösten perusteluihin on laskenut selvästi. Lupapalveluiden muutokset nä-kyvät kaikkien vastaajien kokonaistuloksessa. Valvontapalveluiden osalta kokonaisarvosana (3,99) on laskenut hivenen. Yrityspalvelujen analyysi- ja konsultointipalveluissa parhaaksi koettiin mm. palvelun nopea ja vaivaton saatavuus sekä suora hyöty liiketoimintaan. Koulutuspalvelut taas saivat kiitosta sisällöistä ja koulutusten läpiviennistä. Sekä konsultointipalvelut että avainhenki-löille suunnatut koulutusohjelmat koettiin tehokkaaksi tavaksi kehittää yrityksen toimintaa. Asiakkaat odottavat sujuvaa asiointia ELY-keskuksen kanssa. Yhä useammalle asiakkaalle tämä tarkoittaa hyvin toimivia sähköisiä palveluita. Keskeiset asiakkaiden esille nostamat kehityskohteet liittyivät asioinnin koettuun työläyteen, prosessin monimutkaisuuteen tai vaikeuteen. Lisäksi hitaaksi koettu asian käsittelynopeus sai osakseen kritiikkiä. Nopeasti kasvava sähköinen asiointi tarvitsee tuek-seen hyvin saavutettavan monikanavaisen asiakaspalvelun, jonka edelleen kehittämiseen tulee panostaa. Lisätietoja tutkimuksen koordinointiin liittyvissä asioista saa Teija Junttilalta KEHA-keskuksesta.

Controlling full penetration in MAG welding by the application of infrared thermography and neural network

In this study, an infrared thermography based sensor was studied with regard to usability and the accuracy of sensor data as a weld penetration signal in gas metal arc welding. The object of the study was to evaluate a specific sensor type which measures thermography from solidified weld surface. The purpose of the study was to provide expert data for developing a sensor system in adaptive metal active gas (MAG) welding. Welding experiments with considered process variables and recorded thermal profiles were saved to a database for further analysis. To perform the analysis within a reasonable amount of experiments, the process parameter variables were gradually altered by at least 10 %. Later, the effects of process variables on weld penetration and thermography itself were considered. SFS-EN ISO 5817 standard (2014) was applied for classifying the quality of the experiments. As a final step, a neural network was taught based on the experiments. The experiments show that the studied thermography sensor and the neural network can be used for controlling full penetration though they have minor limitations, which are presented in results and discussion. The results are consistent with previous studies and experiments found in the literature.

Recueil de documents relatifs à Toulouse. Copies.

Contient : 1 Notes concernant Toulouse et autres villes : « De fundacione urbis Tholose... De aliarum urbium antiquarum fundacione... ». En latin et en français ; 2 « Description faicte par manière de repertoire des procès, documens, escriptures, vidimus, lectres, privilièges et autres choses estans de present dans les archieux de la maison commune de Thoulouse, et ce par honnorable homme messire Bernard de Gailhac, licencié ez loix, assesseur de nobles seignieurs les capitolz de la ville et cité de Tholose et commis par eulx à ce faire una mecum Maturino Foresterii, notaire ordinaire de la court desd. capitols et escrivain du present repertoire, par lesd. seignieurs à ce depputé, faict et commancé le XXIIe jour du moys de janvier, l'an mil quatre cens quatrevingtz et quatorze... Et premièrement au premier armaire des susd. archieux, signé devant par lectre A, trouvarez tout ce que s'ensuyt... » ; 3 « S'ensuit une autre description et repertoire des privileges, arrestz, instrumens, documens, et de toutes les autres lettres estans au livre blanc de la Maison commune de Tholose, par manière de recolection des matières qui sont dedans led. Livre Blanc, et coadunation d'icelles, ainsi comme il peult apparoir cy après... » ; 4 « Arrestum super forma electionis capitulariorum Tholose ». En français ; 5 « Ordo doctorum Academiae Tolosanae decrevit proxime, quod nos proscribere jussi sumus ut omnes studiosi adolescentes quicumque ipsis doctoribus operam dare volent publice profiteantur qui sint et unde domo... Datum kalendis januariis, anno 1582. FRANCISCUS ROALDUS, rector ». En latin. Pièce imprimée, au dos de laquelle sont écrits : « Capita jurisjurandi ex formula praescripta iis qui in matriculatis haberi volunt, et in tabulas publicas Academiae Tolosanae referri » ; 6 « Extraict des regestres de parlement » de Toulouse, concernant les « docteurs regens èz » Universités situées dans le ressort dudit parlement et les écoliers de l'Université de Toulouse. 18 août 1582. « Ainsi signé : Du Tornoer ». Pièce imprimée

Figures of Time : Preemptive Narratives in Recent Television Series

Faute de droits d'auteurs pour les captures d'écrans, mon document ne contient pas d'images. Si vous voudriez consulter ma thèse avec les images, veuillez me contacter.

Tratamiento de hipertrigliceridemia con terapia botánica y fibratos

Debido al aumento que ha venido presentado la práctica de la medicina tradicional en los últimos años, la OMS presenta en el 2003 la estrategia sobre la práctica de la medicina tradicional a los países en los cuales este tipo de medicina es más frecuente año tras año. Las plantas se han ido clasificando y han recibido denominación botánica, también han sido químicamente analizadas para poder distinguir sus componentes y diferenciar sus principios activos. Los Fibratos son fármacos utilizados ampliamente en la práctica clínica para la regulación de los lípidos y reducción del riesgo cardiovascular. A ellos se les atribuye una disminución promedio en los niveles de triglicéridos del 36%.

Standardized evaluation of algorithms for computer-aided diagnosis of dementia based on structural MRI: The CADDementia challenge

Algorithms for computer-aided diagnosis of dementia based on structural MRI have demonstrated high performance in the literature, but are difficult to compare as different data sets and methodology were used for evaluation. In addition, it is unclear how the algorithms would perform on previously unseen data, and thus, how they would perform in clinical practice when there is no real opportunity to adapt the algorithm to the data at hand. To address these comparability, generalizability and clinical applicability issues, we organized a grand challenge that aimed to objectively compare algorithms based on a clinically representative multi-center data set. Using clinical practice as the starting point, the goal was to reproduce the clinical diagnosis. Therefore, we evaluated algorithms for multi-class classification of three diagnostic groups: patients with probable Alzheimer's disease, patients with mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls. The diagnosis based on clinical criteria was used as reference standard, as it was the best available reference despite its known limitations. For evaluation, a previously unseen test set was used consisting of 354 T1-weighted MRI scans with the diagnoses blinded. Fifteen research teams participated with a total of 29 algorithms. The algorithms were trained on a small training set (n = 30) and optionally on data from other sources (e.g., the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle flagship study of aging). The best performing algorithm yielded an accuracy of 63.0% and an area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) of 78.8%. In general, the best performances were achieved using feature extraction based on voxel-based morphometry or a combination of features that included volume, cortical thickness, shape and intensity. The challenge is open for new submissions via the web-based framework: http://caddementia.grand-challenge.org.

The Cold War in retrospect : 25 years after its end

This special issue of Cold War History offers a retrospective on the end of the Cold War, 25 years after its peaceful conclusion. This peaceful conclusion is an achievement that cannot be celebrated enough, and we must continue to build international relations in conflict and co-operation on this awareness of our common humanity and our common human fallibility.

The career competencies of self-initiated and assigned expatriates: assessing the development of career capital over time

Building on a modern careers approach, we assess the effects of working abroad on individuals’ career capital. Given the dearth of longitudinal studies, we return to a sample of economics graduates in Finland eight years later. We measure changes in three dimensions of career capital; ‘knowing how’, ‘knowing whom’, ‘knowing why’ and find that company assigned expatriates learn more than self-initiated expatriates. All three career capital areas benefit from international experience and all are increasingly valued over time. Based on our findings we conclude that a dynamic notion of career capital acquisition and use is needed. Managerial implications include the need for a wider view of talent management for international businesses.

A comparison of the strength of biodiversity effects across multiple functions

In order to predict which ecosystem functions are most at risk from biodiversity loss, meta-analyses have generalised results from biodiversity experiments over different sites and ecosystem types. In contrast, comparing the strength of biodiversity effects across a large number of ecosystem processes measured in a single experiment permits more direct comparisons. Here, we present an analysis of 418 separate measures of 38 ecosystem processes. Overall, 45 % of processes were significantly affected by plant species richness, suggesting that, while diversity affects a large number of processes not all respond to biodiversity. We therefore compared the strength of plant diversity effects between different categories of ecosystem processes, grouping processes according to the year of measurement, their biogeochemical cycle, trophic level and compartment (above- or belowground) and according to whether they were measures of biodiversity or other ecosystem processes, biotic or abiotic and static or dynamic. Overall, and for several individual processes, we found that biodiversity effects became stronger over time. Measures of the carbon cycle were also affected more strongly by plant species richness than were the measures associated with the nitrogen cycle. Further, we found greater plant species richness effects on measures of biodiversity than on other processes. The differential effects of plant diversity on the various types of ecosystem processes indicate that future research and political effort should shift from a general debate about whether biodiversity loss impairs ecosystem functions to focussing on the specific functions of interest and ways to preserve them individually or in combination.

Genome-wide association study on dimethylarginines reveals novel AGXT2 variants associated with heart rate variability but not with overall mortality.

AIMS The purpose of this study was to identify novel genetic variants influencing circulating asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) levels and to evaluate whether they have a prognostic value on cardiovascular mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a genome-wide association study on the methylarginine traits and investigated the predictive value of the new discovered variants on mortality. Our meta-analyses replicated the previously known locus for ADMA levels in DDAH1 (rs997251; P = 1.4 × 10(-40)), identified two non-synomyous polymorphisms for SDMA levels in AGXT2 (rs37369; P = 1.4 × 10(-40) and rs16899974; P = 1.5 × 10(-38)) and one in SLC25A45 (rs34400381; P = 2.5 × 10(-10)). We also fine-mapped the AGXT2 locus for further independent association signals. The two non-synonymous AGXT2 variants independently associated with SDMA levels were also significantly related with short-term heart rate variability (HRV) indices in young adults. The major allele (C) of the novel non-synonymous rs16899974 (V498L) variant associated with decreased SDMA levels and an increase in the ratio between the low- and high-frequency spectral components of HRV (P = 0.00047). Furthermore, the SDMA decreasing allele (G) of the non-synomyous SLC25A45 (R285C) variant was associated with a lower resting mean heart rate during the HRV measurements (P = 0.0046), but not with the HRV indices. None of the studied genome-wide significant variants had any major effect on cardiovascular or total mortality in patients referred for coronary angiography. CONCLUSIONS AGXT2 has an important role in SDMA metabolism in humans. AGXT2 may additionally have an unanticipated role in the autonomic nervous system regulation of cardiac function.

Disparities in treatment rates of paediatric end-stage renal disease across Europe: insights from the ESPN/ERA-EDTA registry.

BACKGROUND Considerable disparities exist in the provision of paediatric renal replacement therapy (RRT) across Europe. This study aims to determine whether these disparities arise from geographical differences in the occurrence of renal disease, or whether country-level access-to-care factors may be responsible. METHODS Incidence was defined as the number of new patients aged 0-14 years starting RRT per year, between 2007 and 2011, per million children (pmc), and was extracted from the ESPN/ERA-EDTA registry database for 35 European countries. Country-level indicators on macroeconomics, perinatal care and physical access to treatment were collected through an online survey and from the World Bank database. The estimated effect is presented per 1SD increase for each indicator. RESULTS The incidence of paediatric RRT in Europe was 5.4 cases pmc. Incidence decreased from Western to Eastern Europe (-1.91 pmc/1321 km, P < 0.0001), and increased from Southern to Northern Europe (0.93 pmc/838 km, P = 0.002). Regional differences in the occurrence of specific renal diseases were marginal. Higher RRT treatment rates were found in wealthier countries (2.47 pmc/€10 378 GDP per capita, P < 0.0001), among those that tend to spend more on healthcare (1.45 pmc/1.7% public health expenditure, P < 0.0001), and among countries where patients pay less out-of-pocket for healthcare (-1.29 pmc/11.7% out-of-pocket health expenditure, P < 0.0001). Country neonatal mortality was inversely related with incidence in the youngest patients (ages 0-4, -1.1 pmc/2.1 deaths per 1000 births, P = 0.10). Countries with a higher incidence had a lower average age at RRT start, which was fully explained by country GDP per capita. CONCLUSIONS Inequalities exist in the provision of paediatric RRT throughout Europe, most of which are explained by differences in country macroeconomics, which limit the provision of treatment particularly in the youngest patients. This poses a challenge for healthcare policy makers in their aim to ensure universal and equal access to high-quality healthcare services across Europe.

Aboveground community and species-specific plant biomass from the Jena Experiment (Main Experiment, year 2004)

This data set contains aboveground community biomass (Sown plant community, Weed plant community, Dead plant material, and Unidentified plant material; all measured in biomass as dry weight) and species-specific biomass from the sown species of the main experiment plots of a large grassland biodiversity experiment (the Jena Experiment; see further details below). In the main experiment, 82 grassland plots of 20 x 20 m were established from a pool of 60 species belonging to four functional groups (grasses, legumes, tall and small herbs). In May 2002, varying numbers of plant species from this species pool were sown into the plots to create a gradient of plant species richness (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 60 species) and functional richness (1, 2, 3, 4 functional groups). Plots were maintained by bi-annual weeding and mowing. Aboveground community biomass was harvested twice in 2004 just prior to mowing (during peak standing biomass in late May and in late August) on all experimental plots of the main experiment. This was done by clipping the vegetation at 3 cm above ground in four rectangles of 0.2 x 0.5 m per large plot. The location of these rectangles was assigned prior to each harvest by random selection of coordinates within the core area of the plots (i.e. the central 10 x 15 m). The positions of the rectangles within plots were identical for all plots. The harvested biomass was sorted into categories: individual species for the sown plant species, weed plant species (species not sown at the particular plot), detached dead plant material (i.e., dead plant material in the data file), and remaining plant material that could not be assigned to any category (i.e., unidentified plant material in the data file). All biomass was dried to constant weight (70°C, >= 48 h) and weighed. Sown plant community biomass was calculated as the sum of the biomass of the individual sown species. The data for individual samples and the mean over samples for the biomass measures on the community level are given. Overall, analyses of the community biomass data have identified species richness as well as functional group composition as important drivers of a positive biodiversity-productivity relationship.