A note on the use of ground water for successful breeding of common carps in extremely cold climate

Common carps are known for prolific breeding habits but they generally do not breed in water with temperature value less than 20 degree C. During winter months of 1985 when the temperature ranged from 15.5-20.5 degree C, the common carps were successfully bred by using ground water having temperature of 25-26 degree C and the results are discussed.

Use of homeo drug for curing ulcerative syndrome in fishes

Fungal infection was observed in Catla catla and Labeo rohita cultured in two private fish farms. The later stage of the infection resulted in ulcerations followed by haemorrhage on the dorsal surface of the body. Initially, usual treatments of copper sulphate, potassium permanganate and common salt solution were tried, but no improvement was observed. Then repeated intramuscular injections of homeopathic drug Heaper Sulpher and Arnica spray were given with encouraging results. Infection reported in another farm was also successfully controlled using a similar treatment.

Studies on the use of alginates in frozen fishery products

Results of preliminary studies on the use of sodium alginate as a protective coating for fishery products showed that several varieties of fishes and shell fish had better keeping qualities when coated with sodium alginate.

On the use of different natural baits for sea-fishing in India

Rod and line, hand-line, trolling line and fish-traps are the different types of fishing gears wherein suitable fish baits are employed with a view to luring the catch. The coastal fishermen of India mostly use different types of natural fish-baits to catch fishes like Perches, Carangids, Sciaenids, Scombroids and Elasmobranchs. The reactions of the fishes caught to the different baits used are quite varied. Successful line fishing operations very much depend on the fish-baits. A detailed record of the variety of fishes caught, types of fishing and different baits used by the coastal fishermen of India has been made.

Use of different glazes in frozen oil sardines

This paper reports on the relationship between the seasonal variations in the oil content of the Indian oil sardines (Sardinella longiceps) and their frozen storage life at -l8°C and on the use of various chemicals and coating materials to extent their storage life. It is observed that there is an inverse relationship between the oil content and the frozen storage life- oil content varying from 10.33 to 42.43% (MFB) and storage life from 2 to 5 months. Extension of storage life is achieved by dipping in hydroquinone solution prior to freezing or by coating with agar after freezing. Data on changes in peroxide value, free fatty acids, moisture, drip and organoleptic characteristics during frozen storage are presented.

Mechanization of fishing craft and the use of improved fishing gear

Since the year 1925, attention has been focused periodically on the stagnation in the local fishing industry, and those who have studied the subject have been unanimous about the need to introduce modern fishing craft which are capable of working more fishing gear. This report outlines the stages through which the evolution of more effective fishing operations has progressed, both in the gradually increasing use of mechanical propulsion for boats and in the adoption of more modern gear and techniques by local fishermen. No reference is made in this report to the operation of deep-sea trawlers (Sivalingam, 1956) a phase of development which has hitherto not influenced the local fishing industry to any appreciable extent.

Use of dopamine antagonists on induced spawning of Indian major carps

To test the efficacy of the technique of using dopamine-antagonists with pituitary extracts, experiments were conducted in July/August '93, at the CIFE Fresh water Fish Farm, Powerkheda. In all, 35 sets (1 female x 2 male in each set) were tried individually. 19 sets were treated with Domperidone (DOM) and Carp Pituitary Extract (CPE) and they constituted the experimental sets, while the rest 16 were treated with CPE and formed the control sets. The breeding, complete ovulation and hatching was 84.2%, 87.5% and 85.7%, respectively in the experimental sets whereas it was 93.7%, 60% and 72.7%, respectively in case of control sets. Experimental sets yielded 1.20 lakh spawn/kg body wt. (female) as compared to 0.83 lakh spawn kg body wt. (female) received from control sets on average basis. When DOM was used at 50-60% there was 100% breeding success but when increased to 70%, breeding rate fell to 66%. In mass breeding of Catla in the circular hatchery DOM mixed with CPE in 50:50 ratio gave excellent results.

EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN COMBUSTION USE OF IN-CYLINDER IONISATION FOR THE INVESTIGATION AND CONTROL OF SPARK IGNITION ENGINES.

Ions generated during combustion have been used in three ways to give qualitative combustion information. Langmuir type probes have been inserted into the combustion chamber opposite the spark plug location. The centre electrode of the sparking plug itself has been used to produce an ionisation signal from the slightly ionised gases remaining after the flame front has departed. The spark discharge at ignition time has been used as an anemometer.