Measurement of the distributions of event-by-event flow harmonics in lead-lead collisions at = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

The distributions of event-by-event harmonic flow coefficients v_n for n=2-4 are measured in sqrt(s_NN)=2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using charged particles with transverse momentum pT> 0.5 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range |eta|<2.5 in a dataset of approximately 7 ub^-1 recorded in 2010. The shapes of the v_n distributions are described by a two-dimensional Gaussian function for the underlying flow vector in central collisions for v_2 and over most of the measured centrality range for v_3 and v_4. Significant deviations from this function are observed for v_2 in mid-central and peripheral collisions, and a small deviation is observed for v_3 in mid-central collisions. It is shown that the commonly used multi-particle cumulants are insensitive to the deviations for v_2. The v_n distributions are also measured independently for charged particles with 0.51 GeV. When these distributions are rescaled to the same mean values, the adjusted shapes are found to be nearly the same for these two pT ranges. The v_n distributions are compared with the eccentricity distributions from two models for the initial collision geometry: a Glauber model and a model that includes corrections to the initial geometry due to gluon saturation effects. Both models fail to describe the experimental data consistently over most of the measured centrality range.

Measurement of the jet radius and transverse momentum dependence of inclusive jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrtsNN=2.76 TeV with the AT detector

Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead-lead collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 mu b(-1), ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter system over the pseudorapidity interval vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38 < pT <210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-k(t) algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," R-CP. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. R-CP varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.

Religionsgespräch gehalten am Kurfürstlichen Hofe zu Hannover 1704 : nach einer hebräischen Handschrift ; [enth. die Abschrift von dem Buche Minchas Sikkaron von Joseph Statthagen]

hrsg. u. übers. von A. Berliner auf Veranl. von Aron Hirsch

Phylacterium oder Arganton und Philo im Schooße der wahren Glückseeligkeit. Betrift die treue Darstellung des übernatürlichen Wunders, welches am 25. August 1799 in Posen mit ausgezeichneter Pracht gefeiert ward; die Geschichte der Israeliten, und die zu wünschende bürgerliche Verbesserung derselben

von Wolf Meyer Dessauer

Festschrift zum 200jährigen Bestehen des israelitischen Vereins für Krankenpflege und Beerdigung Chewra-Kaddischa zu Königsberg i.Pr. 1704-1904

Chronik der religiösen und kulturellen Entwicklung der jüdischen Gemeinden in Deutschland am Beispiel der Chewra als eigenständige Gruppierung, die die Krankenpflege und das Beerdingungswesen zur Aufgabe hatte. Neben einer Darst. der Königsberger Grabinschriften in hebräischer Sprache finden sich im Anh. Vorschriften in Form von Satzungen für die Chewra-Mitglieder bzw. der Krankenpflege und den Ritualen bei der Bestattung

Stabilizing Lead Cathodes with Diammonium Salt Additives in the Deoxygenation of Aromatic Amides

Lead is efficiently protected against cathodic corrosion by the addition of diammonium salts in the electrolyte. The cationic coating of the cathode allows the efficient electroreduction of benzamides to benzylamines. The electrochemical deoxygenation of the amide is achieved without the use of oxophilic agents or sacrificial anodes. The surface of the lead cathode stays smooth and the cathode can be reused for multiple runs, providing <2.5 ppm of the crude product. Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal a shift in the onset potential of the hydrogen evolution reaction by −157 mV.

Measurement of long-range pseudorapidity correlations and azimuthal harmonics in √s_NN=5.02 TeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of two-particle correlation functions and the first five azimuthal harmonics, v 1 to v 5 , are presented, using 28 nb −1 of p+Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of √s NN=5.02 TeV measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Significant long-range “ridgelike” correlations are observed for pairs with small relative azimuthal angle (|Δϕ|<π/3 ) and back-to-back pairs (|Δϕ|>2π/3 ) over the transverse momentum range 0.4

4 GeV. The v 2 (p T ) , v 3 (p T ) , and v 4 (p T ) are compared to the v n coefficients in Pb+Pb collisions at √s NN=2.76 TeV with similar event multiplicities. Reasonable agreement is observed after accounting for the difference in the average p T of particles produced in the two collision systems.

Measurement of the centrality and pseudorapidity dependence of the integrated elliptic flow in lead-lead collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The integrated elliptic flow of charged particles produced in Pb+Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV has been measured with the ATLAS detector using data collected at the Large Hadron Collider. The anisotropy parameter, v2, was measured in the pseudorapidity range |η| ≤ 2.5 with the event-plane method. In order to include tracks with very low transverse momentum pT, thus reducing the uncertainty in v2 integrated over pT, a 1 μb−1 data sample recorded without a magnetic field in the tracking detectors is used. The centrality dependence of the integrated v2 is compared to other measurements obtained with higher pT thresholds. The integrated elliptic flow is weakly decreasing with |η|. The integrated v2 transformed to the rest frame of one of the colliding nuclei is compared to the lower-energy RHIC data.

Measurement of event-plane correlations in √s_NN=2.76 TeV lead-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of event-plane correlations involving two or three event planes of different order is presented as a function of centrality for 7 μb −1 Pb+Pb collision data at √s NN =2.76 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Fourteen correlators are measured using a standard event-plane method and a scalar-product method, and the latter method is found to give a systematically larger correlation signal. Several different trends in the centrality dependence of these correlators are observed. These trends are not reproduced by predictions based on the Glauber model, which includes only the correlations from the collision geometry in the initial state. Calculations that include the final-state collective dynamics are able to describe qualitatively, and in some cases also quantitatively, the centrality dependence of the measured correlators. These observations suggest that both the fluctuations in the initial geometry and the nonlinear mixing between different harmonics in the final state are important for creating these correlations in momentum space.

Does outmigration lead to land degradation? Labour shortage and land management in a western Nepal watershed

In Nepal, changing demographic patterns are leading to changes in land use. The high level of outmigration of men in the hills of Kaski District, Western Development Region of Nepal, is affecting the household structure but also land management. Land is often abandoned, as the burden on those left behind is too high. How do these developments affect the state of the land in terms of land degradation? To find out, we studied land degradation, land abandonment caused by outmigration, and existing sustainable land management practices in a subwatershed in Kaski District. Mapping was done using the methodology of the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT). While previous studies expected land abandonment to exacerbate slope erosion, we demonstrate in this paper that it is in fact leading to an increase in vegetation cover due to favourable conditions for ecosystem recovery. However, negative impacts are several, including the increase of invasive species harmful to livestock and a decline in soil fertility. Traditional land management practices such as terraces and forest management exist. To date, however, these measures fail to take account of the changing population dynamics in the region, making the question of how migration and land degradation are linked worth revisiting.