991 resultados para Hipertensão - Diagnóstico
Resumo:
Coalho cheese is a typical product of the Northeastern Brazil, which is consumed both raw and cooked. The present work aimed to study the characteristics of artisanal and industrial processes in the production of coalho cheese sold in Natal / RN in order to evaluate its quality and consumer s profile. Four artisanal cheeses plants were monitored and a questionnaire was sent to different cheese industries. Besides this, eight cheese samples (four artisanal and four industrial) were evaluated in regard to the microbiological quality, physical-chemical and sensory attributes. The sensory acceptance was evaluated by using 108 non-trained panelists by using the hedonic scale. The consumer s profile survey was applied to 400 consumers of coalho cheese. The lack of hygiene control was detected at the artisanal cheese production, which uses raw milk as its raw material. Research has shown that the industrialized cheeses are made from pasteurized milk provided by their own production or by a third party, as observed in cheese making dairies. In general, the results indicate variation in the manufacturing process of coalho cheese, which results in the lack of product standardization. Regarding the physical-chemical analysis, most artisanal and industrial samples presented moisture content between 36 and 40 %, classified as medium moisture cheese, which is the only parameter that showed no significant difference (p>0.05). However, the water activity (Aw), pH and acidity results differed significantly. All artisanal samples showed coliform contamination at 35 °C, which confirms the poor hygienic conditions. In regard to coliforms at 45 °C, 75 % of artisanal coalho cheese samples had value higher than 103 MPN / g, a value above the lawful limits determined by RDC nº 12. Fifty percent of industrial coalho cheese samples showed coagulase-positive Staphylococcus values above the limit allowed by the RDC nº 12, indicating poor handling. The sensory evaluation revealed that the taste was the only parameter that showed significant difference, and this difference was only between two industrial brands. The consumer s survey showed that the coalho cheese flavor is the most important reason for buying this kind of cheese. Although coalho cheese is mainly bought in supermarkets, open street markets and country shops are still important selling points. It is concluded that there is no coalho cheese standardization in the RN state, which leads to variations in physical-chemical and sensory attributes. Moreover, it is necessary greater hygiene control in the production and handling procedures of coalho cheese.
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This work intends to develop an approach based through scientific criteria in the operational diagnosis of ponds of stabilization, starting from analyses accomplished in loco and in laboratory of 78 systems of sewer treatment through ponds of stabilization in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The objectives of the research are: to map, to evaluate and to diagnose the operational acting of the ponds of stabilization of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, through visits in loco and analyses laboratory; to build a SIG, through the map rain, locate the points of releases of sewages of the systems of existent ponds in Rio Grande do Norte, as well as operational data and his/her respective efficiency diagnosis in the removal of BOD and Coliforms Termotolerantes; to evaluate, in real scale, three systems of ponds of stabilization of RN in the operational efficiency for the parameters BOD5, COD, pH, Temperature, OD and Coliforms Termotolerantes. Of 78 ETEs of appraised RN just, 9% or 7 had maximum concepts in what concerns the removal of BOD and Coliforms Termotolerantes and 41% or 32, they had the worst concepts in term of operational efficiency. The flowing concentrations ETEs of RN of BOD and Coliforms were of 410mg/L and 2,50x107UFC/100ml, the predominant configuration is of the type F1+M1+M2, the relationship BOD/COD revealed for the sewer tributary characteristic biodegradable high. For the study of case of 3 ETEs, the best operational efficiencies in decreasing order were: Cidade (Municipal district), it Roça (State) and São Miguel (SAAE). The removals of final BOD were 51,6mg/L; 108,27mg/L and 62,6mg/L, tends efficiency of 82%; 74% and 81%. In term of coliforms removal in the final effluentes were 1,90x103UFC/100ml; 1,50x104UFC/100ml and 3,10x104UFC/100ml, tends efficiencies of 99,99%; 99,95% and 99,90%. In what it concerns the practice of agricultural reúso of cultures consumed raw, none of 3 ETEs assisted the parameters of the Resolution CONAMA 357/05, for other reúso practices, all assisted the categories B and C of OMS. For release in body receiving ETE Cidade just, they assist the demands of the resolution of CONAMA 357/05, by study of purification solemnity of the receiving body. The maintenance lack and operation; exclusive operator in ETEs and operation knowledge was the contributory factors for the operational fall in appraised ETEs of RN
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La dificultad que los alumnos encuentran en el aprendizaje de matemática viene siendo objeto de investigación por estudiosos en educación matemática, tanto en Brasil como en el exterior. El objetivo de este estudio consiste em investigar las dificuldades en el aprendizado sobre funciones matemáticas y la influencia de las concepciones alternativas a partir de los errores que los candidatos acerca de las cuestiones sobre funciones en la prueba objetiva de matemática del acceso a la universidad de los años de 2001 a 2008. Teniendo como cuestiones de estudio para alcanzar el objetivo propuesto: identificar la relevancia del tema funciones que son contemplados en las pruebas de acceso a la Universidad; asi como cuáles han sido los tipos de funciones más privilegiados y menos privilegiados; analizar si la contextualización de la pregunta y la presencia de elementos no textuales han influenciado en el aumento de tal dificultad; analizar si la representación semiótica agrega mayor exigencia a la pregunta; analizar respecto a la exigencia matemática de la pregunta; analizar lo que se refiere al desempeño de los candidatos para verificar cuál pregunta tuvo mejor desempeño y cuál el peor e identificar los errores más frecuentemente cometidos por los candidatos en esas pruebas. Las reflexiones de los estudiosos como: Radatz (1980), Cury (1994), Socas (1997), Borasi (1997), Franchi e Rincón (2004), Pochulu (2004) presentan las dificultades en el aprendizaje matemático, que aparecen a partir de los errores cometidos por los alumnos, quando estos errores reciben la influencia de las concepciones alternativas. El estudio que se presenta en esta disertación configura un análisis de los errores que los candidatos han cometido en las preguntas objetivas sobre el tema funciones de las pruebas de acceso a la Universidad de los años de 2001 a 2008, a partir de los relatorios de la Comissão Permanente do Vestibular COMPERVE/UFRN. Con la intención de alcanzar los objetivos propuestos para este estudio, fueran sido construidas categorías de análisis. Los resultados encontrados han sido: El tema funciones es el más frecuente entre los demás con (28,1%); el tipo de función priorizada durante esos años ha sido la función logarítmica con (24%); la contextualización de las preguntas exige una mayor comprensión por parte del candidato de lo que las situaciones directas; la caracterización semiótica posee elementos que estructuran esas preguntas que el educando debe saber asociar al texto; la exigencia matemática posibilitó analizar que el procedimiento medio ha sido el más requisitado; el desempeño de los candidatos ha sido en la mayoría bajo (50%); y los principales errores que ellos han cometido han sido de realizar traducciones incorrectas de las expresiones que aparecen en las situaciones-problema; utilizar todos los datos que aparezcan en el problema sin tomar en cuenta si el cálculo realizado responde a la pregunta solicitada; no interpretar coherentemente las informaciones del gráfico; decodificar incorrectamente los valores representados por literales en una recta numérica. Los resultados señalizan la necesidad de una revisión didáctico-metodológicas de la enseñanza de funciones a raíz de las cuales las dificultades en el aprendizaje se han presentado
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OBJETIVO: Estudar a confiabilidade, da versão em português, do questionário para o diagnóstico psicológico e psicossocial dos indivíduos com desordens temporomandibulares (RDC/TMD). MÉTODOS: Foram entrevistados 109 indivíduos, de ambos sexos, que demandaram atendimento junto à Clínica de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário de Araraquara, de janeiro a julho de 2006. Os questionários foram aplicados por um único examinador. Após duas semanas, o mesmo foi reaplicado em 36 indivíduos. Para avaliação da consistência interna do método, utilizou-se o Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach; para análise da reprodutibilidade intra-examinador, o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (ro) e a estatística Kappa (kapa), respectivamente às variáveis de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa. RESULTADOS: A consistência interna para as dimensões intensidade da dor crônica e incapacidade; limitação da função mandibular; sintomas físicos não-específicos, incluindo os itens de dor; sintomas físicos não-específicos, excluindo os itens de dor e depressão foi de 0,8479, 0,8971, 0,8673, 0,8080 e 0,9270 respectivamente, atestando ao método excelente validade interna. Obteve-se excelente concordância intra-examinador para as questões referentes ao tempo de presença da dor e sua gradação, e boa para a questão referente à dor presente. Os menores valores de kapa relacionaram-se aos itens de sintomas físicos e depressão. A percepção de estalos ou rangidos pelos indivíduos apresentou concordância regular bem como a questão referente à procura de profissional para tratamento da dor. As demais questões apresentaram reprodutibilidade boa e ótima, sendo que a maioria dessas apresentou nível máximo de concordância. CONCLUSÃO: A versão adaptada para o português mostrou-se confiável para detecção das alterações psicológicas e psicossociais associadas às desordens temporomandibulares.
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The activities developed in the coastal zone always arise the researchers interest, mainly when it is developed in fragile ecological areas, not observing the sustenable development laws. In this context, the analysis presented developed around the estuary of Curimatau river, located in the Eastern coast of Rio Grande do Norte state, integrates information provided by high resolution images of orbital remote sensing (IKONOS II, dated of July of 2003) and images of not-orbital remote sensing (Air photographs of DPU, dated of March of 1997) in a multitemporary perspective, diagnosising patterns of use and occupation, evaluating the main area´s impacts, together with the estuarian region fisiograph of Curimatau river. The use of high resolution images consequently allowed generates a precision cartography, facilitating the quantification of the evolution of the landscape and supporting decisions. Was possible yet, the definition of use areas, conservation areas and preservation areas; that were inserted in the concept of Potentialities: a fundamental element to management of vulnerable areas of the natural point of view. The information provided during the research had been stored in an Enviromental Georreferenced Data Base, constructed under the optics of Geographical Information Systems (GIS), that they facilitate the environment management Through fast access to information. The results were satisfactory, because permits the quantification of evolution of the landscape and the mapping. Beyond the geoenviromental diagnosis, was possible develop maps and matrixes that support the Rio Grande do Norte state costal Management.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer uma proposta de intervenção na Controladoria Geral do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, com o intuito de fortalecê-la, tendo como base a Emenda Constitucional nº 45/2009, que propõe a inserção das macrofunções do Controle Interno: Auditoria Governamental, Controladoria, Corregedoria, Ouvidoria e Carreiras Específicas para os órgãos de Controle Interno. Para dar suporte a proposta, foi feita uma revisão da literatura sobre controles públicos, controle interno governamental, macrofunções do controle interno e sobre carreiras públicas no Brasil. Para propor as mudanças foram realizados dois diagnósticos no órgão, por meio de entrevistas, e constatados problemas na área de gestão organizacional e de pessoal. Diante dos resultados apresentados por meio dos diagnósticos, foram propostas mudanças e feitas comparações entre a estrutura atual e a proposta, procurando evidenciar a vantagem da última sobre a primeira, em termos de eficiência operacional, economia de meio, economia de execução, amplitude no atendimento a população, proteção e combate à corrupção, fomento ao controle social, promoção da cidadania e justiça social
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The information tecnology (IT) has, over the years, gaining prominence as a strategic element and competitive edge in organizations, public or private. In the judiciary, with the implementation of actions related to Judiciário Eletrônico, information technology (IT), definitely earns its status as a strategic element and significantly raises the level of dependence of the organs of their services and products. Increasingly, the quality of services provided by IT has direct impact on the quality of services provided by the agency as a whole. The Ministério Público do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (MPRN) deployments shares of Electronic Government, along with an administrative reform, beyond these issues raised, caused a large increase in institutional demand for products and services provided by the Diretoria de Tecnologia da Informação (DTI), a sector responsible for the provision of IT services. Taking as starting point strategic goal set by MPRN to reach a 85% level of user satisfaction in four years, we seek to propose a method that assists in meeting the goal, respecting the capacity constraints of the IT sector. To achieve the proposed objective, we conducted a work in two distinct and complementary stages. In the first step we conducted a case study in MPRN, in which, through an internal and external diagnosis of DTI, accomplished by an action of internal consulting and one research of the user satisfaction, we seek to identify opportunities of change seeking to raise the quality perceived of the services provided by the DTI , from the viewpoint of their customers. The situational report, drawn from the data collected, fostered changes in DTI, which were then evaluated with the managers. In the second stage, with the results obtained in the initial process, empirical observation, evaluation of side projects of quality improvement in the sector, and validation with the managers, of the initial model, we developed an improved process, gazing beyond the identification of gaps in service a strategy for the selection of best management practices and deployment of these, in a incremental and adaptive way, allowing the application of the process in organs with little staff allocated to the provision of information technology services
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The search which it aim was to analyze the Periodontal Disease as a risk factor for the development of the Stable Angina Pectoris. For that, 120 patients (52 blokes and 68 wenches ), ages ranging from 40 to 65 years old, and attended to the Hemodinamic´s Sector of the Natal Hospital Center, showing the historic of Angina Pectoris to accomplishment of cinecoronariografhy. Before the accomplishment of this exam, the patients were submitted to interview, to investigate the possible risk factors for the Cardiovascular diseases , and it was followed of clinical periodontal examination to evaluate the presence of Periodontal Disease. After the cinecoronariography, the patients who presented diagnosis of important arterial obstruction (above 70%) were enrolled to the case grup. However the individuals with arteries free of obstruction, or obstrution below 30%, were considered without historic of Cardiovascular disease and therefore enrolled for the control grup. The groups were paired by the variables age and gender. From the analysis of the results, a did not observed statisticment the significant association between the presence of the Periodontal Disease, probing depth, periodontal attachment level, severity and extension index of the Periodontal Disease, besides the visible plaque index (VPI) an gingival bleeding index (GBI) regarding to the existence of Stable Angina Pectoris. Nevertheless , it was identified statisticment the significant association between the sistemic arterial hypertension , seric level of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides, showing all of them, classic risk factors appointed by the literature. Therefore, it was conclued that Periodontal Disease did not represent association with the StableAngina Pectoris at least among the studied population
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Esse estudo se propôs a avaliar um método auxiliar de diagnóstico (DIAGNOdent®) na predição de cárie de dentina em dentes decíduos, através de validação histológica e de microdureza. Verificando possíveis diferenças entre os valores obtidos através do método auxiliar, além de determinar um ponto de corte para parada de remoção de tecido cariado. A amostra do estudo foi de 15 crianças que apresentaram 21 cavidades de cárie, tratadas e analisadas desde antes da realização da restauração até quando da exodontia do elemento dentário. Os espécimes foram analisados através do DIAGNOdent® antes da abertura das cavidades, após a remoção do tecido cariado e depois da reabertura das cavidades que se deu após a exodontia dos elementos dentários. Posteriormente, receberam preparo metalográfico para realização de testes de microdureza e microscopia óptica que serviram como forma de validação para as mensurações obtidas pela fluorescência a laser. Houve diferença significativa entre os valores DIAGNOdent® encontrados antes da abertura da cavidade e os demais (p < 0,0001). Havendo correlação significativa (r = 0,432 ; p = 0,019) apenas para as aferições obtidas antes da abertura das cavidades e quando do término da remoção do tecido cariado. Para a microdureza, as médias axiais foram significativamente maiores que as pulpares, existindo correlação entre a microdureza pulpar e os valores do DIAGNOdent® após a reabertura (r = - 0,472 ; p = 0,002). Valores de 15,38% para a sensibilidade, 100% para a especificidade, 100% para o valor preditivo positivo e 71,79% para o valor preditivo negativo, foram obtidos quando se utilizou um ponto de corte de 30 para fluorescência a laser, tendo como padrão-ouro a microdureza pulpar. Partindo da média dos valores de fluorescência a laser obtidos após a remoção do tecido cariado e acrescentando-se um desvio-padrão a esta, o método indicou o valor de 19 como ponto de corte para cessar a remoção de dentina. Concluiu-se que, nas condições analisadas, o método auxiliar de diagnóstico (DIAGNOdent®) é um método acurado na predição de cárie de dentina em dentes decíduos. Além disso, o método comprovou que o padrão usual de remoção de dentina garante a remoção do tecido cariado
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The oral manifestations due to HIV infection are, a lot of times, the first clinical signs of the disease. These injuries may also function as beepers and sentries of the curse and progression of the HIV infection and AIDS. The objective of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of the oral injuries in HIV positive patients, relating them with the CD4+ cells counting and the viral load in patients from the Hospital of Infected contagious Gizelda Trigueiro in Natal-RN. One hundred and one patients were evaluated, where after the clinical exam of the oral cavity, these ones were conducted to the peripheral blood collection for the counting of CD4+ lymphocytes. We observed a prevalence of 25,6%, that is, 31 cases. The Oral Candidiasis was the most commum injure, followed by Oral Hairy Leukoplakia, linear gingival erytema, lips herpes, gingivitis and periodontitis - HIV. The average counting of cells CD4+ of the injury carrying patients was of 250 cells/mm3. We did not observe relation between the presence of injuries and the viral load of the individuals
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This study arises with two questionings: what is the usefulness of a diagnosis in school? And what moves that demand for diagnosis? Such questions were drawn up in answer to a diagnostic demand produced in the context of our internship in Scholar/Educational Psychology. On the perspective of working these issues, we conducted a literature research on diagnosis, with regard to its history, as a review of the psychoanalytic literature about the subject. This venture led us to a new interrogation: what are the elaborations that teachers produce from the child diagnosis, which place her as having special educational needs? The need of deciding the method that would lead us to answer such question, taking as reference the psychoanalytic theory, led us to an incursion to the subject research in psychoanalysis. This tracking points us that, according to Freud, on what comes to psychoanalysis, theory and research go together and that psychoanalysis is not a totalitarian world vision. On Lacan, the research is from the analysand, research that always implies the analyst and its praxis. Such path forced us to position a change to question the positions we occupy, in this experience, guided by an analytical listening. To discuss our position, we started from two cases and submitted them to construction and analysis. As a result, we found out that there is no way to know in advance what will be done from a diagnosis, which will be its uses. Point we used to considerate devastating to a child. So, to us, all children that received a diagnosis would be destined to a tragedy and what the research has shown us is that not always, not all of them. Thus, more than knowing what moves the demand, the important is the subject uses and our position towards it so they can generate a work
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The high blood pressure is a multifactorial chronic disease which possesses emotional and social features in the illness appearance and evolution and in the adherence to the treatment which involves a decision-making through patient so that he or she process the necessary changes on harmful living habits. Adhesion, traditionally, it is referred to the patient to answer to the doctor orientations or of other health professional, about the appearance to the appointment with a doctor, about the use of medicine or lifestyle changes and maintaining this adhesion is the main problem to be overcame. It is expected the adhesion will ever be a continual, stable and satisfactory action, disregarding the complexity of subjectivity processes which permeate the sicken. This research aimed to investigate the difficulties which the person with high blood pressure has to adhere to the treatment, from the signification processes which give sense to the actions dealing with the adhesion. The study was carried out with 48 users of assistance program to the high blood pressure patient from Hospital Universitário from Natal RN, between 40-65 age. The answers were submitted to a double analysis process: 1) answer systematization in categories and codes and admission in statistical program SPSS (Statistical Package of Social Science), for generation of descriptive statistics; 2) Sense and signification analysis which permeated the deepener statement and interpretatively. The greater difficulties found are present on low-salt and law-calorie diets, in the dealing with everyday feeling and stress, being these factors cited as direct motive to the high blood pressure, regardless of interviewee s sex. It is observed there is not adhesion, but adhering, as an experienced everyday process. This work contributes with its results, assessing the used strategies by program with the aim of increasing the adhesion rates
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This study is an environmental diagnosis of the Jundiaí-Potengi/RN estuarine system waters, using calculations of pollution indicator indices such as the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the Toxicity Index (TI). The samples were collected at twelve points on the estuary, at high and low tide, between August and November 2007, over four campaigns. The study area, located in a high impact region, has various activities on its banks such as: discharge of untreated or undertreated domestic and industrial sewage, shrimp farming, immunizer stabilization lakes, riverside communities, etc. All the parameters analyzed were compared to the limits of CONAMA Resolution No. 357 of 2005 for healthy and saline Class 1 waters. The results found prove the impact caused by various activities, mainly the parameters related to the presence of organic material, such as DQO, DBO, COT and thermotolerant colliforms. The IQA for most of the collection points was of medium quality. For the metals, although values above the Resolution limits were found, most of them were lower than the detection limits of ICP-OES used, indicating that they tend to be transported by the dynamic of the tides or rainfall and are deposited in bottom sediments, resulting in a TI of 1.0 in this water, when they are absent, which occurs in most cases, or 0.0, when heavy metals are found in these waters
Resumo:
O nitrogênio é o elemento mais utilizado pela cultura do café e seu manejo é extremamente importante devido às perdas especialmente em épocas chuvosas. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, na região de Sud Mennucci (SP), e teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses e épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio sobre o teor de clorofila e de N nas folhas do cafeeiro, e calcular correlações com a produtividade. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos obedeceram o esquema fatorial 5 x 3, constituído pela combinação de cinco doses de N (0, 50, 150, 250 e 350 kg ha-1) aplicados na forma de uréia em três épocas de aplicação (aplicação única em dezembro; duas aplicações: parceladas em novembro e janeiro e três aplicações: parceladas em novembro, dezembro e janeiro). Avaliaram-se os teores de clorofila e nitrogênio das folhas durante a frutificação e a colheita. A concentração de clorofila correlacionou-se positivamente com o teor de nitrogênio nas folhas e a produção de grãos se ajustou a uma função quadrática com as doses de N aplicadas, na qual a dose 210 kg ha-1 promoveu a máxima produção; a estimativa do teor de clorofila foi promissora para detecção de possíveis deficiências de nitrogênio.
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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Injeção inadvertida de medicamentos de uso não espinhal nos espaços peridural e subaracnóideo é uma complicação anestésica passível de ocorrer. Este relato apresenta um caso de injeção inadvertida de metoclopramida no espaço subaracnóideo. RELATO do CASO: Paciente do sexo feminino, 17 anos, 69 kg, IMC de 26.2, estado físico ASA I, 36 semanas e 4 dias de gestação, com diagnóstico de sofrimento fetal agudo, e indicação de cesariana. Apresentava freqüência cardíaca de 82 bpm, pressão arterial de 130 x 70 mmHg, SpO2 de 97%, ritmo cardíaco sinusal regular. A anestesia foi por via subaracnóidea com a associação de anestésico local e opióide, 15 mg de bupivacaína hiperbárica a 0,5% e 25 µg de fentanil. Após 5 minutos da instalação do bloqueio, a paciente referiu mal estar inespecífico. Aferidas pressão arterial, 190 x 120 mmHg, freqüência cardíaca, 145 bpm, e SpO2, 95%. Verificando-se as ampolas cujos conteúdos foram administrados encontrou-se uma de bupivacaína e uma de metoclopramida. O quadro se apresentou com cefaléia frontal intensa, visão turva, náuseas, vômitos e agitação inicial, que evoluiu para sonolência e torpor, além de hipertensão arterial e taquicardia. Foram administrados tramadol, dipirona, ondansetron e medidas de suporte. Após 30 minutos, a paciente apresentava-se assintomática, com PA de 150 x 100 mmHg e FC de 120 bpm. Recebeu alta para a enfermaria 140 minutos após permanência na SRPA, com total reversão dos bloqueios motor, sensitivo e autonômico, e normalização dos parâmetros hemodinâmicos. Recebeu alta hospitalar 48 horas após, sem apresentar seqüelas neurológicas, juntamente com o recém-nascido. CONCLUSÕES: Máxima atenção deve ser dada a qualquer medicamento administrado, seja qual for à via utilizada. Padronização de cores de ampolas, e dos locais de depósito, com o intuito de diminuir este tipo de acidente é recomendável.