Notre Joffre, maréchal de France . Lettre-préface autographe du maréchal. Illustrations de G. Dutriac

Comprend : Lettre-préface autographe

L'Église de Brou, poème, par M. G. de Moyria,... précédé d'une introduction par M. Edgar Quinet, suivi de stances sur le même sujet par MM. L. Bruys et X. Marmier

Comprend : Notre-Dame de Brou ; Stances ; Introduction

Origins, evolution, and phenotypic impact of new genes.

Ever since the pre-molecular era, the birth of new genes with novel functions has been considered to be a major contributor to adaptive evolutionary innovation. Here, I review the origin and evolution of new genes and their functions in eukaryotes, an area of research that has made rapid progress in the past decade thanks to the genomics revolution. Indeed, recent work has provided initial whole-genome views of the different types of new genes for a large number of different organisms. The array of mechanisms underlying the origin of new genes is compelling, extending way beyond the traditionally well-studied source of gene duplication. Thus, it was shown that novel genes also regularly arose from messenger RNAs of ancestral genes, protein-coding genes metamorphosed into new RNA genes, genomic parasites were co-opted as new genes, and that both protein and RNA genes were composed from scratch (i.e., from previously nonfunctional sequences). These mechanisms then also contributed to the formation of numerous novel chimeric gene structures. Detailed functional investigations uncovered different evolutionary pathways that led to the emergence of novel functions from these newly minted sequences and, with respect to animals, attributed a potentially important role to one specific tissue--the testis--in the process of gene birth. Remarkably, these studies also demonstrated that novel genes of the various types significantly impacted the evolution of cellular, physiological, morphological, behavioral, and reproductive phenotypic traits. Consequently, it is now firmly established that new genes have indeed been major contributors to the origin of adaptive evolutionary novelties.

Regions of mouse mammary tumor virus superantigen involved in interaction with the major histocompatibility complex class II I-A molecule.

To study the major histocompatibility complex class II I-E dependence of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) superantigens, we constructed hybrids between the I-E-dependent MMTV(GR) and the I-E-independent mtv-7 superantigens and tested them in vivo. Our results suggest that, although the C-terminal third mediates I-A interaction, additional binding sites are located elsewhere in the superantigen.

Perspectivas profissionais e educacionais em biblioteconomia e ciência da informação

O artigo analisa a área de biblioteconomia/ciência da informação em termos dos desafios e oportunidades atuais para os profissionais e para os programas de formação profissional. As desvantagens da denominação tradicional da profissão, usualmente associada à biblioteca e ao livro, são abordadas. Soluções adotadas por escolas, departamentos e entidades profissionais, especialmente na América do Norte e na Grã-Bretanha, são relatadas. Aponta oportunidades para profissionais de informação possuidores de habilidades diversificadas. Apresenta modelos que retratam a importação e exportação de conhecimento entre a biblioteconomia/ ciência da informação e outras áreas. Defende a necessidade de se promover a aplicação do conhecimento específico da área de biblioteconomia/ciência da informação em contextos e ambientes informacionais amplos.

Un solidus de la época de Severo III procedente de Esterri d'Aneu

Las circunstancias del hallazgo de esta moneda son completamente fortuitas. Se encontró junto al embalse de La Torrassa (La Guingueta), cerca de la localidad de Esterri d'Aneu, Pallars Sobira, provincia de LIeida, siendo sus descubridores los hijos de don Pascual Massanet. Las características de la moneda son las siguientes: es de oro y muy poco desgastada, prácticamente «flor de cuño», conservando casi su peso originario que es de 4,110 gr., siendo su diámetro de 21 mm. Las leyendas del anverso y del reverso se leen perfectamente.