SAÚDE DOS LÍDERES RELIGIOSOS: A VOCAÇÃO EM SINTONIA COM A SAÚDE PESSOAL. UM OLHAR DE CUIDADOS SOBRE A SAÚDE DOS LÍDERES RELIGIOSOS NO CONTEXTO ATUAL

Este trabalho de pesquisa ocorre na área de concentração de Práxis Religiosa e Sociedade, no campo de conhecimento das Ciências da Religião, e versa sobre a saúde dos líderes religiosos no contexto atual, lançando um olhar de cuidados sobre este grupo, de forma que eles vivam sua vocação em sintonia com a saúde pessoal, exercendo-a em patamares seguros de saúde. Assim, no primeiro capítulo o conceito de saúde é desenvolvido através da história, abordando-o na esfera médica, teológica, filosófica e psicológica, fazendo uma avaliação da mudança de visão da saúde com o desenvolvimento da sociedade até os dias atuais. No segundo capítulo, a partir do desenvolvimento do conceito vocação, estabelece-se uma vinculação entre a preservação da saúde como preservação da vocação. Por fim, o terceiro capítulo aborda o olhar de cuidados sobre os líderes religiosos, propondo elementos para a melhora da saúde espiritual, emocional e física destes líderes, de forma a que o seu exercício vocacional seja realizado de forma plena e integral, englobando o líder religioso em toda a complexidade de seu ser.

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA FAMÍLIA NA RECUPERAÇÃO DE PACIENTES INTERNADOS NA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA

A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) é um setor do hospital destinado ao atendimento de pacientes em estado crítico, que requer cuidados complexos e controles rígidos e, por isso sempre gera um ambiente estressante, não só para a equipe que atende ao paciente mas também aos familiares e portanto induz muitas vezes ao processo de depressão. Estes fatores leva-nos a abordar a necessidade de humanização, no atendimento ao paciente, bem como de seus familiares. A preocupação com a humanização deve estar presente nas equipes de enfermagem como filosofia-diretriz e deve ser um indicador de qualidades desses serviços. Humanizar a UTI significa cuidar do paciente como um todo, englobando o contexto bio-psico-social, incorporando os valores sociais e da família, as esperanças, os culturais e as preocupações pessoais. A humanização deve fazer parte da filosofia da enfermagem. O ambiente físico, os recursos materiais e tecnológicos são importantes, porém não mais significativos do que a natureza humana. O pensamento em ações da equipe de enfermagem, alimentam a reflexão crítica e a construção de uma realidade mais humana e menos agressiva e hostil para as pessoas que diariamente convivem no hospital. A hospitalização altera a rotina não só do paciente mas também dos familiares. De certa forma, a própria hospitalização pode ser vivida como abandono ou morte, à medida que implica um afastamento das pessoas queridas, da casa, como também uma invasão de privacidade. Este trabalho procurou Identificar as necessidades dos familiares ou visitantes, frente à equipe de saúde durante o período de internação na UTI e avaliar o grau de satisfação em relação à qualidade das informações e ao suporte dados à família ou visitante. Os resultados indicam que no Hospital Heliópolis, onde o trabalho foi conduzido, os entrevistados estavam satisfeitos com a equipe multiprofissional pois os pacientes eram bem cuidados, havendo preocupação com os pacientes, e que os médicos, além de compreensivos e competentes, forneceram as informações de modo que eles pudessem compreender,. Porém deve-se ressaltar que 48% dos entrevistados apontam a necessidade de apoio psicológico.(AU)

Estratégias de cuidados por familiares de portadores de transtornos mentais severos residentes na zona rural do alto sertão paraibano

In the current configuration of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, family plays a key role in mental health care: shared responsibility and active participation in the process of rehabilitation of people with severe mental disorders. It´s considered that the family member who cares can help users in their daily tasks and articulating trajectories, networks and ways to potentiate social connections. This research was motivaded by interest in the subject and by the lack of research and studies about this reality in rural areas. This study aimed to identify ways of mental health care by relatives of severe mental disorder patients living in rural zone located at sertão of Paraiba. Methodologically was made a work with qualitative research structured in two moments. In the first one, was held a Documentary Research in CAPS II in order to identify: a) users living in rural that had a history of at least one psychiatric hospitalization, b) users who no longer use the reference service (CAPS II) for at least one year. The second stage consisted by home visits and semi-structured interviews with eleven families in rural areas. Results pointed out a profile composed by 56 users: 56 women and 26 men aged between 50 and 64 years, unmarried, without study, farmers and housewives, living six miles from CAPS II and carriers with severe mental disorders. Strategies and resources used by the families for mental health care were: religion, work, medication and help from relatives, neighbors and community. Factors related to non-use of substitute services were lack of internment in CAPS II and lack of money and transportation. The hospital, the house arrest, the police aid and religion were strategies used by family members as support to psychiatric crises. The data pointed to non-solving of care offered by psychosocial support network and the importance of redirecting practices aligned to the asylum model in favor of psychosocial strategies that aimed at rehabilitation and community participation in mental health care

Processo de cuidar de um centro de tratamento oncológico

The objective was to understand the process of caring for a center for cancer treatment from the perspective of nurses and patients. This is a qualitative research, xploratory and descriptive, performed in a cancer treatment center in Natal / RN / Brazil. Data collection occurred between August 2013 and February 2014, being effected by means of two techniques: photographic record and projective interviews with nurses and patients. Social actors included in the study were ten professional nursing and ten patients admitted to the surgical department of the institution. The criteria used for inclusion of professionals were: be professional in the field of nursing, being an employee of the hospital, to be inserted in the scale of nurses of the institution at the time of data collection. For the patients were included who had preserved their cognitive abilities and who were hospitalized and at any stage of treatment. We used content analysis proposed by Bardin, for the analysis of material collected during projective interview. The research followed the ethical and legal principles that govern scientific research on human beings, being conducted by the project approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the Northern League Against Cancer Riograndense with 295 673 and look CAAE 16104313.0.0000.5293. Referring to nurses, they demonstrated different views about care, which sprouted from a holistic, multidisciplinary approach and welcoming, as well as linked to the performance of procedures and compliance with the requirements technicality. Furthermore, these subjects also showed that care unfolds through the actions of management in carrying out the records in the humanization of care by meeting the needs of the patient and ambience. Front of patients, it is noteworthy that, for them, care happens through attitudes of caring and professional approach, and by performing procedures, being mentioned as a careless lack of structure of the institution and the discomfort caused by this condition factors. It was evident also that the actors involved in the care, the perception of professionals and patients, are represented by nurses, doctors, psychologists, nutritionists, as well as kitchen assistants and cleaners; beyond family companion, the individual himself as responsible for their care and volunteer caregiver. In this opportunity, it is concluded 9 that an understanding of care from the perspective of nurses and patients involves broad issues ranging from perceptions of care that embraces a dynamic complex elements and attitudes imbued with meanings, in which those involved can assume both the role of carers as care beings, even a carefully tied to prescribed routines and performing procedures. Thus, the findings described refer to reflections on the care provided to cancer patients and whether this, in fact, translates principles of a humane practice

Fundamentos dos cuidados com crianças e adolescentes: um olhar sobre o Rio Grande do Norte entre 1964 e 1988

Childhood and adolescence care has frequently caused theoretical and methodological discussions. At national level, the way of dealing with this public has always been on the agenda, either by maintaining a paternalistic treatment, or by coercive and repressive expression with which this public is treated. Given the above, this research presents a thorough study of social policies focused on children and adolescents in Brazil, with the overall purpose of investigating how this process of implementation of public policies for poor children and adolescents in the state of Rio Grande do Norte was. In previous studies, it was identified that there are no official records regarding the policy implementation process for this population in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. A retrospective study about the care towards children and adolescents in Brazil was held. It ranged from the XXVIII century, through the period of assistance, until the historical period in which the child started to be considered from the perspective of a policy. Thus, a certain period was framed, so that, through the historical research method, this study could focus on gathering data about the attention focused on childhood and adolescence in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, between the years 1964 and 1988. Data was listed from newspaper files that circulated in the state during period mentioned above. This time framing corresponds to the regency of the National Policy of Child Welfare. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, the implementation of institutions such as FUNBERN and then FEBEM did not differ from the national standard, since many projects and care programs for poor children and teenagers were executed in this period. The implementation of these institutions revealed the concern of the state in solving the problem of “minors” regarding to situations of abandonment or "delinquency" which they were involved with. However, the kind of protection provided by the state toward this population was based on the current ideology that supported the political system at the time: the military dictatorship. Thus, the main way to provide care to this population was through its institutionalization, through taking children to daycare centres and adolescents to “reeducational” institutes for “minors”.

Crianças e investigação: aspectos teórico-metodológicos e cuidados éticos nas produções dos grupos de pesquisa da UFRN

The concepts of childhood are part of a cultural construction and vary throughout history politically, economically and socially. Nouns such as "childhood" and "child" did not exist as sense of unity in periods prior to modernity, reinforcing their historical character as concepts that have been socially constructed as profess the Historical Social Psychology, theoretical perspective which will support this research. The sociology of childhood distinguishes the terms and changes the approach toward the adult researcher approach with respect to children, aiming to give voice to the child. When it comes to defining the role of children in research, the researcher must take into consideration several relevant criteria such as age, gender, time, listening to the adults close to the children, the level of language and education and which children that will be heard in a group. It is from this discussion, considering the importance of children's participation in the research that are established the purpose of this work, namely, to analyze the theoretical and methodological aspects and ethical guidelines considered in the research process with children, by researchers at the UFRN, presenting as specific objectives: analyze and discuss, from research reports, the adopted ethical procedures and methods used in research with children. Set the goal, it was made a search of the UFRN Research Groups in SIGAA in order to select those which investigate children for participating in our survey. Among the centers of UFRN, we selected the Health Sciences Centre - CCSA, the Humanities Center, Letters and Arts - CCHLA, the Biosciences Center - CB and the Health Sciences Center - CCS, a total of 64 finalized reports to be analyzed. And here it is the observation that the foolish reports were not analyzed for ethical reasons as the guiding of this dissertation is the coordinator of the research group mentioned. In this study, we chose the documentary analysis of the finalized reports from UFRN research projects teachers / researchers as procedure to set up the corpus of the research. Data analysis was performed from the qualitative analysis in the following categories were established: the concept of childhood, concept of child, age of the subjects, the research context, theoretical and methodological care adopted and ethical care. It is hoped that this study will contribute with reflections on the ethical and theoretical and methodological care on research with children. The research showed how some of the results: significant number of reports excluded by repetition, most reports did not bring any closing remarks, no different procedures for children, with rare exceptions, the ethical issue was not mentioned in 50% of reports.

Assistência em cuidados paliativos a pessoa idosa na atenção primária a saúde

This study aims to understand the significance of palliative care for the elder health care professionals working in primary health care. Descriptive study of qualitative approach. Conducted in three health units of the Family and a core of support for Health, the Felipe Camarão neighborhood, District of Natal Health West, RN. Of the 25 participants, 19 are professionals of the Family Health Strategy and six of the Center for Support to Health, the majority being women, with minimal professional work experience, a year in primary health care. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, under CAAE no. 43895815.4.0000.5537. There were individual interviews between July and September 2015, with the use of questionnaire containing open and closed questions on the topic of study. Our results were recorded in MP4 and transcribed into written language, and analyzed using the open coding process medium in which the categories were interpreted and identified, followed by axial coding, where categories were developed and systematically related. Three categories emerged: enhancement of elder health professionals in palliative care, behavioral health professionals across care in palliative care in primary care and disjointed Meaning between palliative care and health professionals. The categories were interpreted and analyzed by the theoretical framework of social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. Regarding the valuation of subjective perception of professionals, it is clear the issue of the complexity of multiple relationships through various aspects of his central task: focus a philosophy of the world's reality, namely a phenomenology of natural attitude; Before the professional behavior were identified: the discovery and depth of assumptions through the structure, and meaning in a common sense, and at the meaning of the disconnection between the health professionals-including that reality imminent can be represented by individuality special interest of the experience. It follows that health professionals understand there is a difficulty facing the assistance in palliative care to the elderly in primary care, and this difficulty, characterized by the complexity of social interactions across the joint teamwork. Although, I believe that the articulation between the teams, work and family, is essential for the subsequent improvement of care in palliative care favoring the health context surrounding the Elder.

Assistência em cuidados paliativos a pessoa idosa na atenção primária a saúde

This study aims to understand the significance of palliative care for the elder health care professionals working in primary health care. Descriptive study of qualitative approach. Conducted in three health units of the Family and a core of support for Health, the Felipe Camarão neighborhood, District of Natal Health West, RN. Of the 25 participants, 19 are professionals of the Family Health Strategy and six of the Center for Support to Health, the majority being women, with minimal professional work experience, a year in primary health care. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, under CAAE no. 43895815.4.0000.5537. There were individual interviews between July and September 2015, with the use of questionnaire containing open and closed questions on the topic of study. Our results were recorded in MP4 and transcribed into written language, and analyzed using the open coding process medium in which the categories were interpreted and identified, followed by axial coding, where categories were developed and systematically related. Three categories emerged: enhancement of elder health professionals in palliative care, behavioral health professionals across care in palliative care in primary care and disjointed Meaning between palliative care and health professionals. The categories were interpreted and analyzed by the theoretical framework of social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. Regarding the valuation of subjective perception of professionals, it is clear the issue of the complexity of multiple relationships through various aspects of his central task: focus a philosophy of the world's reality, namely a phenomenology of natural attitude; Before the professional behavior were identified: the discovery and depth of assumptions through the structure, and meaning in a common sense, and at the meaning of the disconnection between the health professionals-including that reality imminent can be represented by individuality special interest of the experience. It follows that health professionals understand there is a difficulty facing the assistance in palliative care to the elderly in primary care, and this difficulty, characterized by the complexity of social interactions across the joint teamwork. Although, I believe that the articulation between the teams, work and family, is essential for the subsequent improvement of care in palliative care favoring the health context surrounding the Elder.

Conhecimento da doença renal crônica entre médicos conforme as diretrizes práticas

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem, with increasing prevalence in its terminal stage and one of the factors that can contribute is the failure to recognize the disease and its risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of medical residents (MR) and medical preceptors (MP) in hospitals in the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte in Natal-RN - Brazil, on the DRC, based on the policy of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO ). METHODS: Cross-sectional study where 64 MR (R1 = 32; R2 = 15; R3 = 17) and 63 MP answered a questionnaire divided into seven sessions that addressed aspects of the DRC since the setting up referral to a nephrologist. RESULTS: Only 20 participants (15.7%) reported using any guidelines for the management of CKD. The scores obtained by session were: Definition and classification (46.1 ± 47.8); Risk factors (70.5 ± 27.9); Laboratory evaluation (58.2 ± 8.8); Clinical action plan (57.6 ± 19.9); Reduction in proteinuria (68.3 ± 15.0); Complications (64.8 ± 19.9); Referral to a nephrologist (73.0 ± 44.6). There was a statistically significant difference between the knowledge of MR and MP in the sessions: Laboratory evaluation (MR 61.5 ± 8.4 vs 54.8 ± 7.9 MP; p <0.001); Reduction in proteinuria (73.1 ± 11.4 vs MR MP 63.5 ± 16.7; p <0.001) and Referral to a nephrologist (MR 81.2 ± 39.3 vs 64.5 ± 48.2 MP; p = 0.035). Among the MR, the R2 obtained the best score (63.9 ± 22.6 vs R1 R2 R3 71.9 ± 17.2 vs 63.5 ± 22.5, p = 0.445). It identified a low percentage of success of the doctors on the definition of CKD (MP = 46%; R1 = 40.6%; R2 = 60%; R3 = 52.9%; p = 0.623) and classification (MP = 34.9%; R1 = 53.1%, R2 = 60%; R3 = 52.9%; p = 0.158). CONCLUSION: The study showed that most doctors do not use any guidelines for clinical management of CKD and that there are gaps in knowledge on the subject, even among physicians who work in the university environment. In this sense, we propose the realization of mini-workshops for participants and students from boarding UFRN, using Case-Based Learning Strategy (CBL), with small group discussion, to strengthen the incorporation of CKD guidelines in undergraduate teaching and in clinical medical practice in general.

Conhecimento da doença renal crônica entre médicos conforme as diretrizes práticas

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem, with increasing prevalence in its terminal stage and one of the factors that can contribute is the failure to recognize the disease and its risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of medical residents (MR) and medical preceptors (MP) in hospitals in the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte in Natal-RN - Brazil, on the DRC, based on the policy of the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO ). METHODS: Cross-sectional study where 64 MR (R1 = 32; R2 = 15; R3 = 17) and 63 MP answered a questionnaire divided into seven sessions that addressed aspects of the DRC since the setting up referral to a nephrologist. RESULTS: Only 20 participants (15.7%) reported using any guidelines for the management of CKD. The scores obtained by session were: Definition and classification (46.1 ± 47.8); Risk factors (70.5 ± 27.9); Laboratory evaluation (58.2 ± 8.8); Clinical action plan (57.6 ± 19.9); Reduction in proteinuria (68.3 ± 15.0); Complications (64.8 ± 19.9); Referral to a nephrologist (73.0 ± 44.6). There was a statistically significant difference between the knowledge of MR and MP in the sessions: Laboratory evaluation (MR 61.5 ± 8.4 vs 54.8 ± 7.9 MP; p <0.001); Reduction in proteinuria (73.1 ± 11.4 vs MR MP 63.5 ± 16.7; p <0.001) and Referral to a nephrologist (MR 81.2 ± 39.3 vs 64.5 ± 48.2 MP; p = 0.035). Among the MR, the R2 obtained the best score (63.9 ± 22.6 vs R1 R2 R3 71.9 ± 17.2 vs 63.5 ± 22.5, p = 0.445). It identified a low percentage of success of the doctors on the definition of CKD (MP = 46%; R1 = 40.6%; R2 = 60%; R3 = 52.9%; p = 0.623) and classification (MP = 34.9%; R1 = 53.1%, R2 = 60%; R3 = 52.9%; p = 0.158). CONCLUSION: The study showed that most doctors do not use any guidelines for clinical management of CKD and that there are gaps in knowledge on the subject, even among physicians who work in the university environment. In this sense, we propose the realization of mini-workshops for participants and students from boarding UFRN, using Case-Based Learning Strategy (CBL), with small group discussion, to strengthen the incorporation of CKD guidelines in undergraduate teaching and in clinical medical practice in general.

Herramienta para búsqueda de casos médicos semejantes

Una de las tareas más comunes a las que se enfrentan los médicos es buscar historiales médicos, una tarea lenta y laboriosa que les arrebata tiempo útil. Este proyecto intenta reducir el tiempo dedicado a esa búsqueda permitiendo que, a partir del historial médico de un paciente, se encuentren otros casos similares dentro de la base de datos. Por eso, la base de datos con los documentos clínicos, en lenguaje natural en castellano, ha de ser procesada con las herramientas producidas por este proyecto. La aplicación está dividida en tres partes: la primera y la segunda se encargan de procesar los informes, dividiendo en campos y hallando los conceptos médicos respectivamente; la tercera parte es la que realiza las búsquedas de informes médicos similares.

Conocimientos y percepciones de los profesionales sobre los cuidados centrados en el desarrollo en las unidades de neonatología

El ingreso del recién nacido prematuro en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) supone estar expuesto a una serie de estímulos dolorosos y estresantes para los que no está preparado y que pueden tener un impacto negativo en su neurodesarrollo. Algunos tipos de cuidados aplicados al recién nacido y a la familia parecen mejorar el pronóstico de estos niños. Entre ellos tenemos los Cuidados Centrados en el Desarrollo (CCD), que son un grupo de intervenciones diseñadas para modificar el ambiente de la UCIN, minimizando de esa forma el estrés experimentado por el recién nacido prematuro e incorporando a la familia en su cuidado. La implementación de cuidados individualizados, basados en la observación de la conducta del recién nacido, parece una forma aún más eficaz de mejorar el pronóstico. Con este propósito surge el programa estandarizado de cuidados individualizados denominado NIDCAP (Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assesment Program). La implementación de este tipo de cuidados en las UCINs, especialmente del NIDCAP, requiere un esfuerzo importante de todos los profesionales implicados...

Qualidade dos cuidados em colonoscopia: ansiedade, dor, conforto e satisfação dos utentes

A colonoscopia é o exame preferencial na deteção de patologias do cólon e do reto. Contudo, no nosso país a adesão dos utentes é baixa e isso pode estar relacionado com diversos fatores onde se incluem a ansiedade, a dor e o conforto, importantes focos de atenção dos enfermeiros. Importa que os cuidados de saúde prestados neste âmbito sejam de qualidade, sendo fulcral a avaliação da mesma através da satisfação do utente. Pretendeu-se com este estudo determinar os níveis de ansiedade, dor, conforto e satisfação das pessoas submetidas a colonoscopia, descrever as relações entre as variáveis e compará-las face à utilização de sedação. Pretendeu-se ainda identificar os fatores clínicos e sociodemográficos que interferem nos níveis de ansiedade, dor e conforto. Desenvolveu-se um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e correlacional, através da aplicação de questionários a 60 utentes submetidos a colonoscopia numa instituição de saúde na região de Leiria. Os resultados revelaram a presença de um nível moderado de ansiedade associado à colonoscopia, independentemente de esta ser realizada com sedação. A realização da colonoscopia sem sedação é desencadeadora da dor, que se revelou como um fator inversamente relacionado com a satisfação. Concluímos assim que a colonoscopia é um exame causador de ansiedade, dor e desconforto, onde os enfermeiros podem intervir de forma a aumentar a satisfação com os cuidados.