Alterações posturais em atletas brasileiros do sexo masculino que participaram de provas de potência muscular em competições internacionais

Os esportes de alto nível determinam padrões corporais que extrapolam barreiras geopolíticas, sociais e culturais. Estas peculiaridades resultam em alterações posturais que estão associadas à eficiência do gesto desportivo, porém, em longo prazo, podem evoluir para processos mórbidos que limitam a prática de atividades físicas regulares. O objetivo da pesquisa foi descrever o perfil postural dos atletas que participam de provas de potência muscular e identificar processos anátomo-cinesiológicos responsáveis pelas principais alterações corporais. A casuística foi composta por 15 atletas do sexo masculino, especializados em provas de potência muscular. O protocolo para coleta de dados foi elaborado com base na proposta de: i) Kendall, para o exame físico e observacional, utilizando simetrógrafo e fio de prumo; ii) Souchard, para a análise postural em cadeia. As informações foram organizadas sob a forma de distribuição de freqüência absoluta e relativa. Os resultados apontaram que: i) o tornozelo em valgo (67%) foi a situação mais comum; ii) a rotação interna da pelve à direita (60%), seguida do lado oposto mais elevado (47%), pode estar relacionada com a corrida em curva que sobrecarrega a estrutura da pelve para a manutenção da velocidade com simultânea mudança de direção em função da força gravitacional; iii) a anteversão de pelve (73%) decorre da retração observada nos músculos flexores do quadril e extensores do joelho; iv) a alteração expressa no item iii contribui para a formação de hiperlordose lombar (73%) e desencadeia mecanismo compensatório de retração da cadeia posterior causando cifose torácica (53%) e cabeça em protrusão (73%). O diagnóstico precoce e a adoção de medidas profiláticas efetivas podem contribuir para o aumento da performance, bem como prevenir a ocorrência de lesões desportivas. Estudos envolvendo intervenção fisioterápica deverão avaliar se há redução dos efeitos crônicos que as alterações posturais decorrentes do treinamento causam ao atleta de alto nível.

A esfera como metáfora: representações do futebol no campo da literatura (leituras do tema no conto de ficção)

Football, understood as a phenomenon of sports practice and nearly universal coverage, can also be seen as a game whose operation circumvents the cultural universe of people who practice it. Much more than just a sport, so this game is a cultural phenomenon par excellence, bearing a communicational and aesthetic dimension whose occurrence has been spotted in various fields of scientific and cultural. Therefore, it is as game and as a phenomenon of culture, we intend to focus on football here as an object of study. Our aim is to investigate the sport in Brazil taking the Literature and Journalism as privileged instances of their representation in the media. Thus, the central idea of this research is to show when and how football has become a recurrent theme in Brazilian literature, starting with its journalistic approach until we get an overview of the aesthetic representation of the game, Literature as the main focus of attention and taking the genre of fiction story as material fact of their representation. With this approach, we intend to develop an overall view, overview of the literature about football in our country and at the same time, particularize this vision in some representative authors of it, like the writer-journalist Mario Filho (the historian, essayist on the modernization of chronic specific theme), José Lins do Rego (writer passionate about the game), Nelson Rodrigues (the esthetician that elevated the sport to the status of art by chronic), Lima Barreto (who along with Antonio de Alcantara Machado pioneered the formalized within the fiction) and the storytellers of the topic itself. In the end, we intend to infer the results of evaluations and reviews of books and authors listed, we have examined a wide sense, but also vertical (and which were focused on a socio-historical perspective and critical-aesthetic) within the assumption that seems be a homology between the way football practice amongst us will historically winning characteristics as to form a Brazilian school of football, and how our writers, journalists will be addressing the topic, which also would focus on creating a "Brazilian way" of telling literary football. The proof of this hypothesis operational work together with the development of historiography and the necessity arising from it, creating a "Guide to Reading football theme in fictional tale of Brazil" shut the focal perspective of this study

Inhibitory effect of propolis and bee venom on the mutagenicity of some direct- and indirect-acting mutagens

The antimutagenic effect of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) and honeybee (Apis mellifera) venom, both collected in the State of Sb Paulo, Brazil, was assessed by the Salmonella/microsome assay upon direct- and indirect-acting mutagens. EEP had inhibitory effect (in an ascending order) on the mutagenicity power of daunomycin (TA102), benzo(a)pyrene (TA100), and aflatoxin B-1(TA98) and the venom acted against the mutagenicity of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (TA98) and daunomycin (TA102). (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Determinação do perfil dos usuários e da composição química e nutricional da alimentação oferecida no restaurante universitário da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Brasil

Este estudo teve como objetivos determinar o perfil e o estado nutricional da clientela e a composição química e nutricional das refeições oferecidas no restaurante universitário da Universidade Estadual Paulista de Araraquara, Brasil. Realizou-se a determinação química do teor de proteínas, lipídios, carboidratos, fibra, cinzas e umidade de amostras das refeições fornecidas. A amostra populacional foi constituída de 403 usuários (212 mulheres e 191 homens). em relação ao perfil do usuário, constatou-se que 82,60% encontravam-se na faixa etária de 18 a 25 anos e 75,44% dos indivíduos apresentaram índice de massa corporal dentro da faixa de normalidade. em média, as refeições continham 4,74% de proteínas, 10,84% de lipídeos, 24,32% de carboidratos, 3,30% de fibras, 1,00% de cinzas e 55,00% de umidade. Os dados mostraram que as refeições do restaurante universitário continham excesso de proteínas e de energia e que se faz necessário realizar ajustes na sua composição para adequá-la ao perfil da clientela atendida.

Minimum size for the occurrence of vortex matter in a square mesoscopic superconductor

The study of superconducting samples in mesoscopic scale presented a remarkable improvement during the last years. Certainly, such interest is based on the fact that when the size of the samples is close to the order of the temperature dependent coherence length xi(T), and/or the size of the penetration depth lambda(T), there are some significant modifications on the physical properties of the superconducting state. This contribution tests the square cross-section size limit for the occurrence (or not) of vortices in mesoscopic samples of area L-2, where L varies discretely from 1 xi(0) to 8 xi(0).The time dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equations approach is used upon taking the order parameter and the local magnetic field invariant along the z-direction. The vortex configurations at the equilibrium can be obtained from the TDGL equations for superconductivity as the system relaxes to the stationary state.The obtained results show that the limit of vortex penetration is for the square sample of size 3 xi(0) x 3 xi(0) in which only a single vortex are allowed into the sample. For smaller specimens, no vortex can be formed and the field entrance into the sample is continuous and the total flux penetration occurs at higher values of H/H-c2(0), where H-c2(T) is the upper critical field. Otherwise, for larger samples different vortices patterns can be observed depending on the sample size. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Estudo da expressão imuno-histoquímica das proteínas MMP-9, MMP-13 e TIMP-1 em ameloblastomas e tumores odontogênicos ceratocistos

Ameloblastomas and keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOT) represent odontogenic lesions that, despite their benign nature, are distinguished by a distinct biological behavior, characterized by locally aggressive growth and recurrent episodes. The gnathic bone resorption caused by the growth of these lesions is a key to the expansion of the same, both being mediated by osteoclastic cells like enzymatic activity of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) factor. The expression of stimulatory factors and inhibitors of bone resorption has been correlated with the development of these lesions, with emphasis to some MMPs such as collagenases and gelatinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), among others. Based on the premise that stimulatory and inhibitory factors of osteolytic processes can be decisive for the growth rate of intraosseous odontogenic lesions, this experiment evaluated the immunoreactivity of MMP-9, -13 and TIMP-1 protein in the epithelium and mesenchyme of ameloblastoma and the KOT specimens, by a quantitative analysis of the immunoreactivity cells. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests with a significance level set at 5 %. Immunohistochemical expression of MMP-9, -13 and TIMP-1 was observed in 100% of cases both in the epithelium and in mesenchyme. The immunoreactivity in the epithelium of KOT and ameloblastomas revealed a predominance of score 3 for MMP-9 (p=0.382) and MMP-13 (p=0.069) and no statistically significance for TIMP-1, the latter being significantly higher immunoreactivity in ameloblastomas. In the mesenchyme, there was a higher score immunoreactivity of MMP-13 (p=0.031) in ameloblastomas in relation to KOT, whereas for MMP-9 and TIMP-1 no statistically significant difference (p=0.403 was observed, p=1.000). The calculation of the ratio of scores revealed expression of proteins in general, similarity of the lesions, a significant predominance of equal expression of TIMP-1 and MMP-9 was observed only in the epithelium of ameloblastoma. The marked immunostaining of MMP-9 , MMP-13 and TIMP-1 in epithelium and mesenchyme of the lesion indicate that these proteins involved in ECM remodeling required for tumor progression, however, specific differences in the expression of some of these proteins, are not sufficient to suggest differences in the biological behavior of ameloblastomas and KOTs

Dynamical erosion of asteroid groups in the region of the Phocaea family

In a previous paper, the current state of knowledge of the region containing the Phocaea dynamical family was revised. Here, the dynamical evolution and possible origin of the Phocaea dynamical family and asteroid groups in the region are investigated. First, I study the case of asteroids at high eccentricity (e > 0.31). I find that these objects are unstable because of encounters with Mars on time-scales of up to 270 Myr. The minimum time needed by members of the Phocaea classical family to reach the orbital locations of these objects, 370 Myr, can be used to set a lower limit on the age of the Phocaea family.Next, attention is focused on the chaotic layer previously identified near the nu(6) secular resonance border. Using analytical and numerical tools, I find that the presence of the nu(6) secular resonance forces asteroids with vertical bar g-g(6)vertical bar < 2.55 arcsec yr(-1) to reach eccentricities high enough to allow them to experience deep, close encounters with Mars. Results of the analytical model of Yoshikawa and of my numerical simulations fully explain the low-inclination chaotic region found by Carruba.Finally, I investigate the long-term stability of the minor families and clumps identified in the previous paper, with particular emphasis on a clump only identifiable in the domain of proper frequencies (n, g, g - s) around (6246) Komurotoru. I find that while the clumps identified in the space of proper elements quickly disperse when the Yarkovsky effect is considered, the family around (19536) is still observable for time-scales of more than 50 Myr. The (6246) clump, characterized by its interaction with the nu(5) + nu(16) and 2 nu(6) - nu(16) secular resonances, is robust on time-scales of 50 Myr. I confirm that this group may be the first clump ever detected in the frequency domain that can be associated with a real collisional event.

Preconcentration and determination of Cu(II) in a fresh water sample using modified silica gel as a solid-phase extraction adsorbent

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Composição acarina em diferentes cultivares de pessegueiros [Prunus persica (L.)], em Presidente Prudente, estado de São Paulo

Objetivou-se, nesta pesquisa, estudar a ocorrência natural de ácaros fitófagos e predadores em diferentes cultivares de pessegueiro, no município de Presidente Prudente-SP, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado no período de dezembro de 2002 a fevereiro de 2006. Amostras quinzenais de 72 folhas foram coletadas ao acaso, de pessegueiros das cultivares Talismã, Doçura 2, Dourado 2, Tropical, Aurora 1 e Aurora 2. Coletou-se um total de 2.594 ácaros, sendo 2.092 fitófagos, 403 predadores e 99 de hábitos alimentares pouco conhecidos, com 35 espécies de ácaros de 16 famílias. Aculus fockeui ocorreu de maneira esporádica, não causando danos visíveis às plantas. A família Phytoseiidae apresentou a maior abundância e o maior número de indivíduos. O predador Euseius citrifolius foi o mais abundante. Não houve preferência dos ácaros nas cultivares de pessegueiro avaliadas.

Canaliculites: apresentação de série de casos atendidos na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP - com ênfase no tratamento realizado

A canaliculite é uma afecção rara da via lacrimal. Os autores apresentam uma série de cinco casos tratados na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP, comentam os achados à luz da literatura pertinente e tecem considerações sobre o tratamento efetuado, ressaltando que a canaliculotomia pode ter bons resultados mesmo que o canalículo não receba suturas ou moldes.

Is urine interleukin-8 level a reliable laboratory test for diagnosing late onset sepsis in premature infants?

The present study is aimed to determine serum and urine interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in premature infants with late onset sepsis (LOS) and to evaluate if urine IL-8 is a useful test for LOS diagnosis. Fifty-six premature infants admitted to the NICU over 1 year had serum and urine IL-8 determined by ELISA. They were divided into three groups: I definite sepsis, II probable sepsis and III non-infected. Results were expressed as mean or median. Differences between groups were assessed by ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Dunns Method. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were calculated and a receiver operator characteristic curve was constructed to determine serum and urine IL-8 accuracy. There were no differences between groups for birth weight, and gestational and post-natal age. Median serum and urine IL-8 levels were significantly higher in GI and GII: 929 x 906 x 625pg/ml; P=0.024, and 249 x 189 x 42pg/mgCr; P< 0.001. Optimal cut-off point was 625pg/ml for serum IL-8 with 69 sensitivity and 75pg/mgCr for urine IL-8 with 92 sensitivity. IL-8 can be determined in urine from premature infants with LOS and is an accurate and feasible diagnosis method.

Improvement in embryo recovery using double uterine flushing

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of double uterine flushing on the recovery of embryos/ova in cattle. Two hundred and ten embryo recovery procedures were conducted using a double uterine flushing method, and the results were compared with 432 conventional single-flushing procedures. Cyclic Limousin (n = 403) and Guzera (n = 239) donor cows received an intravaginal progesterone releasing device and 2 mg of estradiol benzoate on Day 0. Between Days 5 and 9, donors received decreasing doses of FSH, which ranged from 200 to 300 IU (Bos indicus) and 300 to 500 IU (Bos taut-us). on the afternoon of Day 7, donors received an injection of 500 mu g cloprostenol and progesterone implants were removed 12 It later (morning of Day 8). Artificial insemination was performed between 14 and 26 h after first detection of behavioral estrus. Cows were randomly assigned to have embryos recovered by a double-flushing method (n = 210) or the conventional single-flushing procedure (n = 432). For the double-flushing procedure, after first flushing the whole uterus with 1 L of Dubelco's Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS), a Foley catheter was positioned in the uterine body to permit refilling of the uterus with fresh DPBS (80-150 mL). The catheter was closed with the plunger of a disposable 5 mL syringe, and the donors were allowed to rest in a holding area for 30 min. Thereafter, a second flush was performed to recover the solution remaining in the uterus. Animals from the control group were subjected to a single uterine flush. From 2 10 double-flushing procedures, 1409 viable embryos were recovered. In comparison, from 432 cows receiving the single-flushing procedure, 1993 embryos were recovered. Double flushing increased (P < 0.05) the number of embryos recovered per procedure compared to single flushing (6.7 +/- 0.4 versus 4.6 +/- 0.2, respectively; mean +/- S.E.M.). When double flushing was performed, average recovered embryos/ova increased (P < 0.05) from 8.3 +/- 0.4 to 12.7 +/- 0.7 in Limousin and from 7.9 to 11.5 in Guzera. Also, utilization of double flushing increased (P < 0.05) the number of viable embryos from 4.7 +/- 0.3 to 6.9 +/- 0.5 in Limousin and from 4.5 +/- 0.4 to 6.4 +/- 0.7 in Guzera. Mean total embryos/ova was similar (P > 0.05) between the control group and after the first uterine flushing in the double-flushing group; therefore, both flushings were conducted efficiently. In conclusion, double uterine flushing increased embryo recovery in cattle. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Toxicity of photodynamic therapy with LED associated to Photogem (R): An in vivo study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of Conventional and Resin-modified Glass-Ionomer Liner on Dentin Adhesive Interface of Class I Cavity Walls After Thermocycling

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the effect of glass-ionomer cement as a liner on the dentin/resin adhesive interface of lateral walls of occlusal restorations after thermocycling.Materials and Methods: Occlusal cavities were prepared in 60 human molars, divided into six groups: no liner (1 and 4); glass-ionomer cement (GIC, Ketac Molar Easymix, 3M ESPE) (2 and 5); and resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC, Vitrebond, 3M ESPE) (3 and 6). Resin composite (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE) was placed after application of an adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE) that was mixed with a fluorescent reagent (Rhodamine B) to allow confocal microscopy analysis. Specimens of groups 4, 5 and 6 were thermocycled (5 degrees C-55 degrees C) with a dwell time of 30 seconds for 5000 cycles. After this period, teeth were sectioned in approximately 0.8-mm slices. One slice of each tooth was randomly selected for confocal microscopy analysis. The other slices were sectioned into 0.8 nun x 0.8 mm beams, which were submitted to microtensile testing (MPa). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p < 0.05).Results: There was no detectedstatistical difference on bond strength among groups (alpha < 0.05). Confocal microscopy analysis showed a higher mean gap size in group 4(12.5 mu m) and a higher percentage of marginal gaps in the thermocycled groups. The RNIGIC liner groups showed the lowest percentage of marginal gaps.Conclusions: Lining with RMGIC resulted in less gap formation at the dentin/resin adhesive interface after artificial aging. RMGIC or GIC liners did not alter the microtensile bond strength of adhesive system/resin composite to dentin on the lateral walls of Class I restorations.

A NEW SPECIES of AFRICANA (NEMATODA: HETERAKIDAE) FROM LIZARDS of SOUTHERN AMAZON, BRAZIL

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)