Estudo do genoma do vírus causador da mionecrose infecciosa em camarões e desenvolvimento de métodos para detecção de diferentes variantes

Shrimp farming is one of the activities that contribute most to the growth of global aquaculture. However, this business has undergone significant economic losses due to the onset of viral diseases such as Infectious Myonecrosis (IMN). The IMN is already widespread throughout Northeastern Brazil and affects other countries such as Indonesia, Thailand and China. The main symptom of disease is myonecrosis, which consists of necrosis of striated muscles of the abdomen and cephalothorax of shrimp. The IMN is caused by infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV), a non-enveloped virus which has protrusions along its capsid. The viral genome consists of a single molecule of double-stranded RNA and has two Open Reading Frames (ORFs). The ORF1 encodes the major capsid protein (MCP) and a potential RNA binding protein (RBP). ORF2 encodes a probable RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and classifies IMNV in Totiviridae family. Thus, the objective of this research was study the IMNV complete genome and encoded proteins in order to develop a system differentiate virus isolates based on polymorphisms presence. The phylogenetic relationship among some totivirus was investigated and showed a new group to IMNV within Totiviridae family. Two new genomes were sequenced, analyzed and compared to two other genomes already deposited in GenBank. The new genomes were more similar to each other than those already described. Conserved and variable regions of the genome were identified through similarity graphs and alignments using the four IMNV sequences. This analyze allowed mapping of polymorphic sites and revealed that the most variable region of the genome is in the first half of ORF1, which coincides with the regions that possibly encode the viral protrusion, while the most stable regions of the genome were found in conserved domains of proteins that interact with RNA. Moreover, secondary structures were predicted for all proteins using various softwares and protein structural models were calculated using threading and ab initio modeling approaches. From these analyses was possible to observe that the IMNV proteins have motifs and shapes similar to proteins of other totiviruses and new possible protein functions have been proposed. The genome and proteins study was essential for development of a PCR-based detection system able to discriminate the four IMNV isolates based on the presence of polymorphic sites

Agregação familiar e resultados maternos e perinatais da pré-eclâmpsia severa em população do Rio Grande do Norte

To determine whether there is familiar aggregation of severe preeclampsia in a Brazilian population from Rio Grande do Norte and to characterize the maternal and perinatal outcomes in the studied population. Methods: A case control study was performed with 412 participants who were admitted at Maternidade Escola Januário Cicco (MEJC) for medical care. Of these, 264 subjects presented normal blood pressure and 148 were cases. Cases were composed of eclampsia (n=47), HELLP Syndrome (n=85) and Eclampsia associated with HELLP syndrome (n=16). The diagnosis of these illness were based on the citeria developed by National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working (2000). An interview was performed with each subject and questions related to personal and familiar history of hypertension, preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and eclampsia. Statistical analysis was performed and comparison of median and mean between cases and controls were performed, with the level of significance of 5%. The Odds-Ratio was determined to estimate the risk of preeclampsia within the families. Results: There were no difference in the demographic data between cases and controls. Previous history of chronic hypertension and preeclampsia was more frequent in the case group. Headaches were more frequent in eclampsia and epigastric pain in the HELLP syndrome cases. Bleeding and oliguria were more frequently found in the eclampsia associated with HELLP syndrome cases. Acute Renal insufficiency was a common complication in the case group, but these cases did not evolve to chronic renal insufficiency. The maternal mortality was 0.4% and the perinatal mortality was high, 223 per 1,000 live births. The 111 risk of a woman to develop preeclampsia whose mother has hypertension or had preeclampsia was respectively 2.5 and 3.5. This risk was increased 5 times, when a sibling has hypertension and 6 times when both sibling and mother had previous history of preeclampsia. Conclusions: This study confirms that there is familiar aggregation of preeclampsia in this Brazilian population. The potential for cardiovascular complications due to development of chronic hypertension indicates the need of closely follow up of women who develop preeclampsia

Biodistribuição de samário -153- EDTMP em ratos TRATADOS com docetaxel

A dor óssea decorrente das metástases é um sintoma comum nos tumores avançados de mama e próstata. Nenhuma opção terapêutica isolada é completamente eficaz, e uma série de modalidades costuma ser empregada, entre eles a terapia com radiofármacos, como o samário153-etilenodiaminatetrametileno fosfonato (EDTMP-153Sm). O docetaxel, um taxano com ação sobre tumores avançados de mama e próstata, tem-se apresentado como uma nova opção de tratamento quimioterápico. Muitos pacientes fazem uso simultâneo de EDTMP-153Sm e docetaxel. Este estudo procurou avaliar a influência do docetaxel na biodisponibilidade de EDTMP-153Sm em ratos Wistar, aleatoriamente alocados em 2 grupos de 6 animais cada. O grupo DS (docetaxel/samário) recebeu docetaxel (15 mg/kg) intraperitoneal em dois ciclos com 11 dias de intervalo. Os ratos do grupo S (samário/controle) não foram tratados com docetaxel. Nove dias após a quimioterapia, todos os animais receberam 0.1ml de EDTMP-153Sm via plexo orbital (25μCi). Após 2 horas, os animais foram mortos, e realizaram-se análises de amostras de cérebro, tireóide, pulmão, coração, estômago, cólon, fígado, rim e fêmures. O percentual de radioatividade por grama (%ATI/g) de tecido de cada biópsia foi determinado em contador gama automático (Wizard-1470, Perkin-Elmer, Finland). No 9º dia após 2º ciclo de docetaxel, os ratos tiveram perda de peso significante, passando de 353.66± 22.8g (controle/pré-tratamento) para 314,50±22,09g (p<0.5). Os %ATI/g nos órgãos dos ratos tratados com EDTMP- 153Sm e docetaxel tiveram redução significante nos fêmures direito e esquerdo, rim, fígado e pulmão, quando comparados aos animais não tratados com docetaxel. Em conclusão, a combinação de docetaxel com EDTMP-153Sm foi associada à menor concentração do radiofármaco em órgãos alvo. Futuras investigações sobre o impacto do docetaxel na biodisponibilidade do EDTMP- 153Sm poderão complementar estes achados. Deve-se ressaltar o caráter multidisciplinar deste estudo, que contou com a participação ativa e com a troca constante de conhecimentos entre profissionais das áreas de Medicina Nuclear, Cirurgia, Oncologia, Biologia e Estatística

Fatores litogênicos em pacientes com litíase urinária de Fortaleza, Ceará

Lithiasis is considered a public health issue due to its high prevalence and rates of recurrence. Objective: To identify risk factors for lithiasis in kidney stone patients from Fortaleza, Brazil. In the first stage of the study, the medical records of 197 patients with urinary lithiasis covering the period 1996 2006 were analyzed with regard to clinical and metabolic data. In the second stage, 340 kidney stones were submitted to morphological examination under 10x magnification. According to the external morphology and the cut surface, the stones were classified as pure or mixed, and major and minor components were identified. In addition, the stone fragments of 25 patients treated with lithotripsy were submitted to morphological analysis. In the third stage, a subsample of 50 stones was used in a double-blind comparison of morphological and chemical findings. Results were expressed as concordant, partly concordant (discordant for minor components) or discordant (discordant for major components). The average age of first symptoms was 35.8±13.3 years, with no significant difference between the genders. The male/female ratio was 1:1.7. Recurrence was reported in 53.3% of cases. The main metabolic changes observed were hypernatriuria (80.7%), hypercalciuria (48.7%), low urine volume (43.7%), hyperoxaluria (30.5%) and hyperuricosuria (17.3%). Pure stones represented 34.7% of the total sample of 340 stones. The most common route of elimination was spontaneous for pure stones (49.1%) and surgical for mixed stones (50.5%). Pure stones consisted most frequently of calcium oxalate (OxCa) (59.3%) and uric acid (UA) (23.7%), the former prevalent in women, the latter prevalent in men. The most frequently observed component in mixed stones was OxCa (67.1%), followed by carbapatite (11.2%) and struvite (7.9%). The main components were OxCa and UA for men, and carbapatite and struvite for women. Nearly half (48%) the 25 analyzed fragments were pure, consisting of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) (56%), calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) (48%), phosphate (32%) and UA (20%). Four patients (16%) had infectious stones. In the chemical analysis of the subsample of 50 stones, the most 64 frequently observed major components were calcium (70%), oxalate (66%), ammonium (56%), urate (28%) and carbonate (24%). In the morphological analysis, the main components were calcium and magnesium phosphate (32%), COM (24%), UA (20%), COD (18%) and cystine (6%). Morphological and chemical findings were totally concordant for 38% of the stones, partly concordant in 52% and discordant in 10%. Conclusion: The risk factors for lithiasis in kidney stone patients from Fortaleza (Brazil) were hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria with or without hypernatriuria, hyperuricosuria and low urine volume

S-metolachlor efficacy on the control of Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis, and Panicum maximum in mechanically green harvested sugarcane

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o controle em pré-emergência de Brachiaria decumbens, Digitaria horizontalis e Panicum maximum pelo herbicida S-metolachlor aplicado em pré-emergência em área de cana-de-açúcar colhida mecanicamente sem queima prévia das plantas, com e sem palha sobre o solo. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em esquema de parcela subdividida 7 x 2. Nas parcelas, foram estudados cinco tratamentos de herbicidas (S-metolachlor a 1,44, 1,92 e 2,40 kg ha-1; clomazone a 1,20 kg ha-1; e isoxaflutole a 0,188 kg ha-1) e duas testemunhas sem aplicação. Nas subparcelas, foi avaliada a manutenção ou não da palha de cana na superfície do solo. A eficácia do herbicida S-metolachlor não foi prejudicada pela presença de 14 ou 20 t ha-1 de palha de cana sobre o solo. Com a manutenção da palha, a dosagem de S-metolachlor para o controle adequado das plantas daninhas foi de 1,44kgha-1. No ambiente sem palha, o S-metolachlor controlou B. decumbens, D. horizontalis e P. maximum nas dosagens de 1.92, 1.44 e 1.92kgha-1, respectivamente. Nas duas condições de palha, os herbicidas clomazone e isoxaflutole foram eficazes para as espécies estudadas. O S-metolachlor não causou nenhum sintoma visível de intoxicação à cana-de-açúcar. O clomazone e o isoxaflutole ocasionaram injúrias visuais às plantas de cana. Os herbicidas estudados não afetaram o número de colmos viáveis por m², a altura e o diâmetro de colmos.

Ocorrência da Mosca-negra-dos-citros (Aleurocanthus woglumi ashby) (Hemiptera: aleyrodidae) em Pernâmbuco

This paper aimed to verify the presence of black-fly of citrus in the state of Pernambuco in Brazil and wordwide. The material with symptoms were collected in the metropolitan area of Recife/PE and subsequently led to the identification in the Insect Biology Laboratory of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE on February 4, 2011. The samples collected from the branches of citrus and bilocular, found the presence of eggs, nymphs, "pupae" and adults of Aleurocanthus woglumi, confirming its occurrence in the state of Pernambuco. The presence of blackfly of citrus had been detected in the city in the state of Pernambuco as Timbauba, Bom Jardim, Macaparana, Axes, Orobo, Sao Vincent Farrer and Itambe in citrus plants. Before that had a suspect in the Valley Siriji/PE, now it is in the metropolitan area of Recife, therefore we can confirm that the material collected and identified in the metropolitan area of Pernambuco is A. woglumi.

Influência do parasitismo pelo nematoide de galhas nos níveis de nutrientes em folhas e na fenologia de goiabeira 'Paluma'

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Produção de rúcula em hidroponia com diferentes concentrações de cobre

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

No caleidoscópio o estresse da equipe de enfermagem da UTI de um Hospital Universitário em Natal-RN

This study aimed to analyze stress on nursing staff of intensive care at the Teaching Hospital Onofre Lopes. The study sample consisted of thirty-eight (38) nursing professionals, including technicians and nurses working in the ICU of the hospital Data were collected between September to November 2011 in two stages.The first was the application of the Lipp Stress Symptoms Inventory (LSSI), which allowed us to measure the stress phase in which each team member was. After that, data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and analyzed according to the 2010 inventory guidelines proposed by the author. After this analysis it was possible to complete the second phase of the research, which consisted of a semi-structured interview designed for those workers who were in the second phase of stress, resistance. Data analysis was based on Bardin 2004 content analysis, enabling the creation of categories based on grouping the ideas present in the interviewees' statements. It was found that the study population was mostly female (78.9%) aged from 30 to 39 years (50%), married (52.3%) and with dual-employment (65.7%). The most predominant phase, according to the Lipp inventory, was the stress resistance, present in 44.7% of the team and having as most predominant physical symptoms the constant feeling of physical exhaustion, verified in 16.8% of the participants, and psychological, the excessive irritability and emotional sensitivity in 26.3%. Regarding the qualitative data it was possible to establish three categories and four subcategories, with the following categories: the stressors of the workplace, overwork and the interpersonal relationships of the nursing staff in the ICU. And as subcategories: Routine care in the ICU; Pressures and Individual Charges; double journey: professional reflections on daily life, the night shift nursing staff and the body suffers, the manifestations of stress; deficient communication between team members. Thus, this study allowed the visualization of the stress phenomenon on nursing staff of the Teaching Hospital Onofre Lopes as a kaleidoscope of thoughts, feelings and experiences perceived by these professionals in different areas of their lives. It was also verified that the strengthening of the stress theme among nursing professionals need to be exploited and stimulated in several nursing areas of discussion so these workers are encouraged to take better care of themselves so they can take care of others health

Resistência de genótipos de abobrinha a Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biótipo B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Levantamento revela a predominância do Lettuce mottle virus em três regiões produtoras de alface no Estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Murcha por Ceratocystis em eucalipto: avaliação de resistência e análise epidemiológica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Interferência do hipoclorito de sódio na absorção de macro e micronutrientes nas culturas da soja e do feijão

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the sodium hypochlorite application in different levels in the fresh and dry biomass and in the uptake of macronutrients and micronutrients in plants of soybean and bean. The experiments were carried at the greenhouse of the "Departamento de Recursos Naturais/Ciência do Solo, FCA/UNESP, Botucatu/SP", in columns of rigid PVC with capacity to 1.0 liter of soil. The experimental design used in each experiment was entirely randomized, with 4 replications. The treatments in each experiment were constituted of 5 doses of sodium hypochlorite (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 L ha(-1)). The following parameters were evaluated: fresh and dry biomass, macro and micronutrients contents in the plants leaves. The levels of sodium hypochlorite did not reflect significantly on the fresh and dry biomass of soybean and bean. The soybean dry biomass presented significant difference among the level of sodium hypochlorite. Average contents of macro and micronutrients obtained in bean leaves were not affected by the levels of sodium hypochlorite. The sulphur contents in soybean leaves presented significant difference. The sodium hypochlorite did not affect negatively the macro and micronutrients contents in leaves of soybean and bean.

O conceito de liberdade em o ser e o nada de Jean-Paul Sartre

This dissertation aims to address the concept of freedom from the perspective of the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre with reference to the main work Being and Nothingness. After presenting the concept of freedom we will try to show that it is related to the notion of responsibility, which will lead, ultimately, to define the Sartrean philosophy as a philosophy of action. In the first chapter we will present in passing the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl, philosopher from which Sartre will develop his concept of freedom. The Husserlian notion of consciousness (intentionality) is the way to develop his analysis of Sartre phenomenon of being. From this analysis Sartre submits their concepts of being in-itself and being for-itself. Being initself is defined as the things of the world devoid of consciousness, are the things that surround us. The In-itself has as its main brand positivity: it is what it is, is all that can be said about him. In turn being For-itself is the very being of man, which differs radically from the In-itself. The For-itself has as its main intentionality, ie, its ability to project outside itself in existence. That's when Sartre shows that this type of being realizes its existence on the basis of a constant nihilation. Here comes the notion of anything. Among the relations of the For-itself with the surrounding world stands a very special: relationship between consciousnesses. It is when we discuss the issue of another. Intersubjectivity, through sartrean analysis of look, show that the For-itself assumes a new existential dimension: the being-for others. That's when Sartre will emphasize his notion of conflict. The conflict in intersubjectivity would come from the fact that you want to take another- For-itself as an object. Given this we will analyze what Sartre called the concrete relations with others. The philosopher submit such relations in the form of ducts and conduits assimilation of ownership. In the first my-self to try to "get lost" in the consciousness of another, ownership of my conduct in-itself tries to "take ownership" of the subjectivity of the other and try to treat others as things, as objects. In this sense Sartre examines the experiences of love, masochism, indifference, desire and sadism. Following this route we will enter the land of freedom itself, which is the major theme of our work. Since Sartre defines the For-itself as a being that is projected to create your way of being, it can only define it as freedom. The freedom of the For-itself is taken in terms of autonomy of choice. Once the For-itself has no way of being a thing as being in-itself, it just may be picking up, that is, making your being. Here Sartre speaks of the anguish that would be the symptom of freedom itself. The fact that the For-itself have to choose on whether the call as one being distressed. However, in most cases the For-itself tries to escape from the anguish of freedom and takes refuge in bad faith. After setting the man (For-itself) as freedom Sartre defends that he is totally responsible for what he does of himself. Once the philosopher holds that man is not predetermined, ie, does not have an a priori essence, his philosophy has as its basic assumption the action. If Sartre argues that the For-itself must constantly choose your way of being, the action is the basis on which man will exercise his own freedom. In this sense we conclude the work with an approach to work Existentialism is a Humanism, which represent the entry of the philosopher on the practical aspects of life