Managing innovation complexity: About the co-existence of innovation types

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the changing innovation management literature by providing an overview of different innovation types and organizational complexity factors. Aiming at a better understanding of effective innovation management, innovation and complexity are related to the formulation of an innovation strategy and interaction between different innovation types is further explored. The chosen approach in this study is to review the existing literature on different innovation types and organizational complexity factors in order to design a survey which allows for statistical measurement of their interactions and relationships to innovation strategy formulation. The findings demonstrate interaction between individual innovation types. Additionally, organizational complexity factors and different innovation types are significantly related to innovation strategy formulation. In particular, more closed innovation and incremental innovation positively influence the likelihood of innovation strategy formulation. Organizational complexity factors have an overall negative influence on innovation strategy formulation. In order to define best practices for innovation management and to guide managerial decision making, organizations need to be aware of the co-existence of different innovation types and formulate an innovation strategy to more closely align their innovation objectives.

Functional characterization and directed engineering of redox proteins for a rational improvement of Bioelectrochemical systems

In recent years, new methods of clean and environmentally friendly energy production have been the focus of intense research efforts. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are devices that utilize naturally occurring microorganisms that feed on organic matter, like waste water, while producing electrical energy. The natural habitats of bacteria thriving in microbial fuel cells are usually marine and freshwater sediments. These microorganisms are called dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB), but in addition to metals like iron and manganese, they can use organic compounds like DMSO or TMAO, radionuclides and electrodes as terminal electron acceptors in their metabolic pathways.(...)

Tax compliance and tax complexity in Portugal: essays on the perception of tax professionals

Tese de Doutoramento em Contabilidade.

Rational approximations of sectional category and Poincar�� duality

F��lix, Halperin, and Lemaire have shown that the rational module category Mcat and the rational Toomer invariant coincide for simply connected Poincar�� duality complexes. We establish an analogue of this result for the sectional category of a fibration.

Rational manipulation of mRNA folding free energy allows rheostat control of pneumolysin production by Streptococcus pneumoniae

Rational manipulation of mRNA folding free energy allows rheostat control of pneumolysin production by Streptococcus pneumoniae

Assessment of the effects of the expansion of the city of Estarreja on the rational land use

The management of urban environment, together with the preservation of the natural environment and the creation of a sustainable built environment, is a complex challenge for contemporary societies. In the name of progress, cities are contributing for the degradation of all surrounding ecosystems. Therefore there is an arising demand for developing new strategies and a new urban development paradigm settled in the search for the equilibrium between natural and built environments and efficient use of resources. The objective of this paper is to analyse how the urban expansion of the city of Estarreja took place in relation to the land use, based on the land capability classification maps of the area. Based in the results some sustainable development strategies that might be applied to the city are discussed. The obtained results demonstrate that the city has been growing faster then its population, consuming vast portions of land, since its growth as been occurring in a linear form. Despite this fact, results show that most of this expansion took place towards a territory of lower agricultural potential, when comparing to the location of its original settlement.

Understanding adaptation to pH in an industrially relevant glycoside hydrolase family 8 xylanase

Disserta����o de mestrado em Gen��tica Molecular

Tradu����o e valida����o para o portugu��s do Medication Regimen Complexity Index

FUNDAMENTO: A complexidade da farmacoterapia consiste de m��ltiplas caracter��sticas do regime prescrito, incluindo o n��mero de diferentes medica����es no esquema, o n��mero de unidades de dosagem por dose, o n��mero total de doses por dia e os cuidados na administra����o dos medicamentos. O Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) �� um instrumento espec��fico, validado e utilizado para medir a complexidade da farmacoterapia, desenvolvido originalmente em l��ngua inglesa. OBJETIVO: Tradu����o transcultural e valida����o desse instrumento para o portugu��s do Brasil. M��TODOS: Foi desenvolvido um estudo transversal envolvendo 95 pacientes com diabete do tipo 2 utilizando m��ltiplas medica����es. O processo de valida����o teve in��cio pela tradu����o, retrotradu����o e pr��-teste do instrumento, gerando uma vers��o adaptada chamada ��ndice de Complexidade da Farmacoterapia (ICFT). Em seguida foram analisados par��metros psicom��tricos, incluindo validade convergente, validade divergente, confiabilidade entre avaliadores e teste-reteste. RESULTADOS: A complexidade da farmacoterapia medida pelo ICFT obteve m��dia de 15,7 pontos (desvio padr��o = 8,36). O ICFT mostrou correla����o significativa com o n��mero de medicamentos em uso (r = 0,86; p < 0,001) e a idade dos pacientes (r = 0,28; p = 0,005). A confiabilidade entre avaliadores obteve correla����o intraclasse igual a 0,99 (p < 0,001) e a confiabilidade teste-reteste obteve correla����o de 0,997 (p < 0,001). CONCLUS��O: Os resultados demonstraram que o ICFT apresenta bom desempenho de validade e confiabilidade, podendo ser utilizado como ferramenta ��til na pr��tica cl��nica e em pesquisas envolvendo an��lise da complexidade da terapia.

Terap��utica racional, mediante indicadores de eficacia antimicrobiana, de la mastitis caprina utilizando marbofloxacina y cefquinoma. Rational therapeutics, indicators of antimicrobial efficiency in the mastitis goats using marbofloxacine and cefquinome

La producci��n de leche de cabra es considerada en nuestro pa��s, y en la provincia de C��rdoba, una alternativa productiva para el desarrollo sustentable y socio ��� econ��mico de la poblaci��n. Por otra parte, existe una mayor demanda del mercado nacional e internacional de esta leche, por lo que los productores deben garantizar la seguridad y calidad de la misma de acuerdo a las normas vigentes. Es por ello que el control y tratamiento de las diferentes enfermedades es de vital importancia tanto para maximizar la producci��n del hato como para cumplir con los c��nones de seguridad exigidos. En este contexto la mastitis caprina es una de las enfermedades que afecta la productividad del sector, y para controlarla una de las medidas a emplear es la terap��utica con antimicrobianos. Se trabajar�� en este proyecto con marbofloxacina y cefquinoma, estableciendo pautas racionales (eficaces y seguras) para su empleo en la afecci��n a nivel regional. Los indicadores de eficacia estar��n fijados de acuerdo a los par��metros integrados de farmacocin��tica (FC) y farmacodinamia (FD). Estos ��ltimos (FD) ser��n calculados a trav��s de la determinaci��n concentraciones inhibitorias m��nimas de cepas bacterianas aisladas de mastitis caprinas en C��rdoba. Se establecer��n los par��metros farmacocin��ticos a dosis ��nicas y m��ltiples para la marbofloxacina (5 mg/kg IV, IM) y cefquinoma (2 mg/kg IV, IM e IMM) a partir de muestras de suero y leche de cabras Anglo Nubian (n = 6 por antimicrobiano; dise��o cruzado en funci��n de la ruta de administraci��n). Se determinar��n sus concentraciones en dichos fluidos, por cromatograf��a l��quida de alta precisi��n. Los resultados FC/FD para ambos medicamentos se comparar��n con par��metros recomendados por expertos para cada tipo de antimicrobiano y se utilizar��n como medida para recomendar una terap��utica racional, fundamental para optimizar la posolog��a, garantizar la eficacia cl��nica, y reducir al m��nimo la selecci��n y propagaci��n de cepas resistentes de agentes pat��genos. The production of milk of goat is considered the province of Cordoba, a productive alternative for the sustainable development and partner - economically of the population. There is a major demand of the domestic and international market of this milk, for what the producers must guarantee the safety and quality of the same one of agreement to the in force procedure. It is for it that the control and treatment of the different diseases performs vital importance so much to maximize the production of the herd as to expire with the safety demanded. In this context the mastitis goat is one of the diseases that affect the productivity of the sector, and to control her one of the measures to using is the therapeutics with antimicrobial. One will be employed at this project with marbofloxacine and cefquinome, establishing rational guidelines (effective and sure) for his employment in the affection to regional level. The indicators of efficiency will be fixed in agreement to the integrated parameters of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodinamics (PD). The latter (PK) will be calculated across the determination inhibitory minimal concentrations of bacterial strains isolated of mastitis goat in C��rdoba. The parameters will be established pharmacokinetics to the only and multiple doses for the marbofloxacine (5 mg/kg the IV, IM) and cefquinome (2 mg/kg the IVth, IM and IMM), From samples of whey and milk of goats Anglo Nubian (n = 6 for antimicrobial; design crossed depending on the route of administration). Its concentrations will decide in the above mentioned fluids, for liquid chromatography of high precision. The results PK/PD for both antimicrobial will be compared with parameters recommended by experts for every type of antimicrobial and will be in use as measure for recommending a rational, fundamental therapeutics for optimizing the dosage, for guaranteeing the clinical efficiency, and to reduce to the minimum the selection and spread of resistant of pathogenic agents.

Ehrhart polynomials, successive minima, and an Ehrhart theory for rational dilates of a rational polytope

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. f��r Mathematik, Diss., 2011

The Barcelonnettes: an example of network-entrepreneurs in XIX century Mexico. An explanation based on a theory of bounded rational choice with social embeddedness

A theory of network-entrepreneurs or "spin-off system" is presented in this paper for the creation of firms based on the community���s social governance. It is argued that firm���s capacity for accumulation depends on the presence of employees belonging to the same social/ethnic group with expectations of "inheriting" the firm and becoming entrepreneurs once they have been selected for their merits and loyalty towards their patrons. Such accumulation is possible because of the credibility of the patrons��� promises of supporting newcomers due to high social cohesion and specific social norms prevailing in the community. This theory is exemplified through the case of the Barcelonnettes, a group of immigrants from the Alps in the South of France (Provence) who came to Mexico in the XIX Century.

Polynomial-time complexity for instances of the endomorphism problem in free groups

We say the endomorphism problem is solvable for an element W in a free group F if it can be decided effectively whether, given U in F, there is an endomorphism �� of F sending W to U. This work analyzes an approach due to C. Edmunds and improved by C. Sims. Here we prove that the approach provides an efficient algorithm for solving the endomorphism problem when W is a two- generator word. We show that when W is a two-generator word this algorithm solves the problem in time polynomial in the length of U. This result gives a polynomial-time algorithm for solving, in free groups, two-variable equations in which all the variables occur on one side of the equality and all the constants on the other side.

The complexity of random ordered structures

"Vegeu el resum a l'inici del document del fitxer adjunt."

Rational sabotage in cooperative production

In this paper we consider a model of cooperative production in which rational agents have the possibility to engage in sabotage activities that decrease output. It is shown that sabotage depends on the interplay between the degree of congestion, the technology of sabotage, the number of agents the degree of meritocracy and the form of the sharing rule. In particular it is shown that, ceteries paribus, meritocratic systems give more incentives to sabotage than egalitarian systems. We address two questions: The degree of meritocracy that is compatible with absence of sabotage and the existence of a Nash equilibrium with and without sabotage.