Strategies for the successful implementation of viral laboratory automation.

It has been estimated that more than 70% of all medical activity is directly related to information providing analytical data. Substantial technological advances have taken place recently, which have allowed a previously unimagined number of analytical samples to be processed while offering high quality results. Concurrently, yet more new diagnostic determinations have been introduced - all of which has led to a significant increase in the prescription of analytical parameters. This increased workload has placed great pressure on the laboratory with respect to health costs. The present manager of the Clinical Laboratory (CL) has had to examine cost control as well as rationing - meaning that the CL's focus has not been strictly metrological, as if it were purely a system producing results, but instead has had to concentrate on its efficiency and efficacy. By applying re-engineering criteria, an emphasis has had to be placed on improved organisation and operating practice within the CL, focussing on the current criteria of the Integrated Management Areas where the technical and human resources are brought together. This re-engineering has been based on the concepts of consolidating and integrating the analytical platforms, while differentiating the production areas (CORE Laboratory) from the information areas. With these present concepts in mind, automation and virological treatment, along with serology in general, follow the same criteria as the rest of the operating methodology in the Clinical Laboratory.

In vivo reprogramming of circuit connectivity in postmitotic neocortical neurons.

The molecular mechanisms that control how progenitors generate distinct subtypes of neurons, and how undifferentiated neurons acquire their specific identity during corticogenesis, are increasingly understood. However, whether postmitotic neurons can change their identity at late stages of differentiation remains unknown. To study this question, we developed an electrochemical in vivo gene delivery method to rapidly manipulate gene expression specifically in postmitotic neurons. Using this approach, we found that the molecular identity, morphology, physiology and functional input-output connectivity of layer 4 mouse spiny neurons could be specifically reprogrammed during the first postnatal week by ectopic expression of the layer 5B output neuron-specific transcription factor Fezf2. These findings reveal a high degree of plasticity in the identity of postmitotic neocortical neurons and provide a proof of principle for postnatal re-engineering of specific neural microcircuits in vivo.

Pakettitoimitusten logistinen kehittäminen asiakaslähtöiseksi

Työn tavoitteena oli selvittää mahdollisuuksia ohjata pakettia uudelleen sen jälkeen, kun lähettäjä on luovuttanut paketin Postin kuljetettavaksi. Lähtökohtana työlle oli, että uudelleenohjaus suoritettaisiin matkapuhelimella, koska se suuren penetraationsa ansiosta tavoittaa mahdollisimman monen vastaanottajan. Ensin selvitettiin nykyinen Postin pakettiprosessin toiminta haastattelemalla asiantuntijoita ja perehtyen toiminnan kuvauksiin. Työssä pyrittiin ottamaan asiakaslähtöinen näkökanta, jonka pohjaksi tutustuttiin Postille tehtyihin kattaviin asiakastutkimuksiin. Asiakkaiden tarpeet kasvavat ja muuttuvat entistä yksilöllisimmiksi. Paketin uudelleenohjauksella voitaisiin asiakkaan toivomuksesta muuttaa paketin toimitusosoitetta, -aikaa tai tehdä kotiinkuljetustilaus. Asiakasta informoidaan saapuvasta lähetyksestä saapumisilmoituksella, jonka perusteella uudelleenohjaus voitaisiin tehdä. Toinen tapa olisi kertoa ennakkoon, että haluaa kaikki saapuvat lähetykset vastaanottaa tietyllä tavalla haluttuna ajankohtana. Uudelleenohjaus ei ole teknisesti vaikeaa, mutta toiminnallisen prosessin aikaansaaminen on vaikea tehtävä. Paketin uudelleenohjaus on varteenotettava mahdollisuus luoda Postin asiakkaille lisäarvoa ja yksilöllistä palvelua. Se vaatii kuitenkin pakettiprosessin muutoksia niin lähettäjälle, vastaanottajalle kuin Postille.

Myynnin raportoinnin kehittäminen kassajärjestelmähankkeen yhteydessä

Raportointi liittyy kiinteänä osana yrityksen jokapäiväiseen toimintaan. Raportoinnin sisältö ja muoto vaihtelevat organisaatiotasosta riippuen päivittäisen toiminnan tarkkailusta kuukausittaiseen tulosraportointiin. Raportointi voidaan toteuttaa operatiivisten järjestelmien kautta tai nykyisin entistä suositumpana vaihtoehtona on keskitetty raportointi. Uuden raportointijärjestelmän hankintaprojekti on usein koko yritystä koskeva investointi. Jos raportointijärjestelmällä on tarkoitus raportoida sekä operatiivista toimintaa että johdon tarpeita, on sen mukauduttava moneen tarkoitukseen. Aluksi on tärkeää määritellä tietotarpeet ja tavoitteet projektille unohtamatta riskien- ja projektinhallintaa sekä investointilaskelmia. Jos raportoidaan myös yrityksen ulkopuolelle, tulee ottaa huomioon mahdolliset säädökset sekä tietoturvallisuusnäkökulmat. Myös yrityksen toimintatapoja ja – prosesseja on syytä tarkastella kriittisesti ennen järjestelmähankintaa jolloin voidaan havaita uusia raportointikohteita, tai toimintatapoja voidaan uudelleen organisoida parhaan toimintatavan saavuttamiseksi. Raportointijärjestelmää hankittaessa turvaudutaan usein ulkopuoliseen ohjelmistotoimittajaan, joka integroi ja räätälöi järjestelmän yrityksen omiin tarpeisiin soveltuvaksi. Raportointijärjestelmän hankintaprojekti ei lopu käyttöönottoon vaan projektin alussa on huomioitava myös järjestelmän huomattavasti pisin elinkaari eli käyttö ja ylläpito. Raportointi-, kuten ei moni muukaan tietojärjestelmä, ole ikinä valmis sillä tarpeet ja toimintatavat muuttuvat ajan kuluessa ja käyttäjien tietoisuus lisääntyy.

Sellutehtaan toiminnan tukeminen sisäistä viestintää kehittämällä

Työssä haluttiin selvittää sellutehdasorganisaation sisäisen viestinnän nykytilaa ja siihen liittyviä haasteita. Lisäksi selvitettiin mitä viestintäkanavia ja -käytäntöjä tuotantotoimintaan liittyy ja miten niitä tulisi kehittää. Tutkimuksessa käytettiin kvalitatiivista tutkimusotetta. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin henkilökohtaisten teemahaastattelujen sekä ryhmähaastattelujen avulla. Teemahaastattelujen aineisto litteroitiin ja analysoitiin teema-alueitten mukaisesti. Ryhmähaastattelujen aineisto saatiin kirjaamalla olennaisimmat asiat keskustelujen aikana. Lopuksi saatu materiaali luokiteltiin ryhmiin haastattelukysymyksiin perustuen. Tutkimuksessa saatiin selkeä käsitys siihen mitä kanavia pitkin ja miten tuotanto-organisaatio viestii tällä hetkellä. Eri viestintäkanavien hyötyjen ja heikkouksien määrittämisen kautta voitiin arvioida mihin suuntaan viestinnän kehittämistä tulisi suunnata. Tulosten perusteella määriteltiin toimenpiteet, joiden kautta organisaatio saa parannettua tiedon kulun läpinäkyvyyttä ja lisättyä vuorovaikutusta organisaation eri toimijoiden välillä. Toimenpidesuositusten mukaan organisaation tulisi hyödyntää tehokkaammin käytössä olevaa sähköistä raportointijärjestelmää sekä kehittää palaveritoimintoja. Palautteenantoa, eli viestinnän kaksisuuntaisuutta tulisi korostaa, koska se vahvistaa ja ohjaa haluttua toimintaa. Tänä päivänä yritysten viestinnälliset tarpeet korostavat yhä enemmän yksilöllisiä vuorovaikutus- ja kommunikointitaitoja. Näiden taitojen osaamisen ja ymmärtämisen kautta on vasta mahdollista käyttää tehokkaasti viestintäteknologian tuomia etuja työyhteisöissä. Nämä taidot ovat myös pohjana muutostilanteista selviytymiselle.

Impacts de la réforme du réseau québécois de la santé et des services sociaux (2003) sur la représentation qu’ont les gestionnaires de leur travail

Cette thèse porte sur le travail des gestionnaires d’établissements de santé et de services sociaux québécois suite à la réforme de ce secteur mise en œuvre à partir de 2003 par le ministre de l’époque, Philippe Couillard. Le projet de réingénierie de l’État dans lequel s’inscrit cette réforme se fonde sur une certaine représentation des organisations publiques découlant du Nouveau Management Public (NMP). Concrètement la réforme a profondément modifié le contexte dans lequel œuvre le personnel d’encadrement des établissements de ce secteur. En effet, celle-ci a entraîné une modification majeure des structures des établissements composant le système de santé et de services sociaux québécois, des règles encadrant les relations du travail dans ces établissements, des conditions d’exercice du travail du personnel d’encadrement, ainsi que des responsabilités qui leur sont dévolues. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de cette recherche était de saisir les impacts de cette réforme sur la nature du travail des gestionnaires œuvrant dans les centres de santé et de services sociaux (CSSS). Privilégiant une approche microsociologique et adoptant une posture épistémologique compréhensive, nous nous sommes intéressés aux représentations qu’ont les gestionnaires de leur travail. C’est donc dire que nous avons cherché à comprendre comment les gestionnaires définissent leur travail en terme du rôle qu’ils jouent dans l’organisation. Sur le plan méthodologique, nous avons fait le choix de procéder à une étude de cas multiples. Nous avons sélectionné deux CSSS et y avons réalisé quarante-neuf entrevues semi-dirigées auprès de gestionnaires provenant de tous les secteurs et de tous les niveaux hiérarchiques. De manière à accéder aux représentations qu’ont les gestionnaires de leur travail, deux idéaux types représentant deux conceptions opposées du travail de gestion ont été créés. Ces idéaux types nous ont permis de constater que nous assistons actuellement à une homogénéisation de la représentation qu’ont les gestionnaires de leur travail. Ainsi, suite à la réforme Couillard, les gestionnaires d’établissements de santé et de services sociaux sont de plus en plus nombreux à adhérer à une représentation managériale de leur rôle. Surtout, cette thèse montre comment se réalise cette évolution. Il appert que la structure des CSSS entraîne des conditions d’exercice qui favorisent une certaine représentation du travail de gestion et font obstacle à une autre. Qui plus est, cette nouvelle structure et les conditions d’exercice qui en découlent ont bousculé les rapports de pouvoir au sein même de la catégorie des gestionnaires. Ce faisant, certains sous-groupes voient leur représentation valorisée et sont en mesure d’imposer celle-ci à leurs collègues. Si certains gestionnaires émettent des doutes quant à ces changements, il appert que très peu d’entre eux ont les moyens d’y résister.

ARMA modeling of time series based on rational approximation of spectral density function

This study is concerned with Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) models of time series. ARMA models form a subclass of the class of general linear models which represents stationary time series, a phenomenon encountered most often in practice by engineers, scientists and economists. It is always desirable to employ models which use parameters parsimoniously. Parsimony will be achieved by ARMA models because it has only finite number of parameters. Even though the discussion is primarily concerned with stationary time series, later we will take up the case of homogeneous non stationary time series which can be transformed to stationary time series. Time series models, obtained with the help of the present and past data is used for forecasting future values. Physical science as well as social science take benefits of forecasting models. The role of forecasting cuts across all fields of management-—finance, marketing, production, business economics, as also in signal process, communication engineering, chemical processes, electronics etc. This high applicability of time series is the motivation to this study.

Semantic network analysis of ontologies

A key argument for modeling knowledge in ontologies is the easy re-use and re-engineering of the knowledge. However, beside consistency checking, current ontology engineering tools provide only basic functionalities for analyzing ontologies. Since ontologies can be considered as (labeled, directed) graphs, graph analysis techniques are a suitable answer for this need. Graph analysis has been performed by sociologists for over 60 years, and resulted in the vivid research area of Social Network Analysis (SNA). While social network structures in general currently receive high attention in the Semantic Web community, there are only very few SNA applications up to now, and virtually none for analyzing the structure of ontologies. We illustrate in this paper the benefits of applying SNA to ontologies and the Semantic Web, and discuss which research topics arise on the edge between the two areas. In particular, we discuss how different notions of centrality describe the core content and structure of an ontology. From the rather simple notion of degree centrality over betweenness centrality to the more complex eigenvector centrality based on Hermitian matrices, we illustrate the insights these measures provide on two ontologies, which are different in purpose, scope, and size.

Fujaba Days 2011

Fujaba is an Open Source UML CASE tool project started at the software engineering group of Paderborn University in 1997. In 2002 Fujaba has been redesigned and became the Fujaba Tool Suite with a plug-in architecture allowing developers to add functionality easily while retaining full control over their contributions. Multiple Application Domains Fujaba followed the model-driven development philosophy right from its beginning in 1997. At the early days, Fujaba had a special focus on code generation from UML diagrams resulting in a visual programming language with a special emphasis on object structure manipulating rules. Today, at least six rather independent tool versions are under development in Paderborn, Kassel, and Darmstadt for supporting (1) reengineering, (2) embedded real-time systems, (3) education, (4) specification of distributed control systems, (5) integration with the ECLIPSE platform, and (6) MOF-based integration of system (re-) engineering tools. International Community According to our knowledge, quite a number of research groups have also chosen Fujaba as a platform for UML and MDA related research activities. In addition, quite a number of Fujaba users send requests for more functionality and extensions. Therefore, the 8th International Fujaba Days aimed at bringing together Fujaba develop- ers and Fujaba users from all over the world to present their ideas and projects and to discuss them with each other and with the Fujaba core development team.

Estudo da hidrodinâmica de um novo separador líquido-líquido: aplicação ao sistema óleo-bruto/água produzida

This work aims to use a different hydrodynamic condition applied to a new design of mixer-settler on treating wastewater produced by petroleum industry, called MDIF (Misturador-Decantador à Inversão de Fases/ Mixer-Settler based on Phase Inversion MSPI). The use of this different hydrodynamic behaviour is possible due to vertical disposition of the device and the principle of Phase Inversion that controls the MDIF, providing the generation (creation) of a cascade of drops, into an organic layer, that works as micro-decanters, thus making possible the formation of a bed of non-coalesced drops, called Bed Formation . The use of this new hydrodynamics condition allows to increase the residence time of the oil carrier drops, into an organic layer, and the device can treat a greater volume of wastewater. In view of to get this condition it is necessary to operate at high throughput (58,6 m3.m-2.h-1). By results, the condition of Bed Formation is the best one to be used when MSPI operates with throughput up to 58,6 m3.m-2.h-1. The results using the condition of Bed Formation show that increasing the height of the bed of non-coalesced drops and/or decreasing the volumetric ratio (O/A) an increase of the separation efficiency is detected

Research on policies and institutions to support small and medium scale enterprise in the Caribbean: Trinidad adn Tobago report

The Government of Trinidad and Tobago continues to provide support to SMEs in order to enhance their international competitiveness. The increasing effects of globalization and the reality of several trade agreements require that local businesses attain and maintain a level of competitiveness which ensures their continued survival and growth. This report examines in detail the policy environment within which these enterprises operate. It also examines the role of the key implementing agencies such as the BDC and NEDCO for government’s policy on the sector and also the role of the respective line ministries. These organizations strive to deliver value added technical, financial and export promotion services to its clients on a subsidised basis. The services offered reflect five key business areas such as financing, training, technical assistance, trade assistance, business re-engineering, project management and export promotion. In the case of the BDC its services target six sectors: food and beverage, metal processing, leisure marine, including yachting, information and communication technology/electronics, printing and packaging and entertainment. These said sectors are identified by the government, on the basis of a study which was done by TIDCO, for the promotion of a cluster development strategy. In the case of NEDCO it targets the following sectors: art and craft, food and beverages, fashion and fashion accessories, culture and ecotourism, bed and breakfast operations, indigenous entertainment and light manufacturing.

The effects of the pressing step on the microstructure and aging of NdFeB bonded magnets

The effects of the compaction step on the (micro)structural features and aging behavior of polymer coated NdFeB-based bonded magnets is reported. Due to the fracture of the material during pressing, it is estimated an increase of at least 14% in the particles' area which is not coated. Such uncoated surfaces, when exposed to the environment, reduce the magnetic performance of the magnets aged/cured in air by 19% in the conditions evaluated in this investigation. Furthermore, XRD results interpreted by Rietveld analyses show a lattice parameter change in the tetragonal structure of the hard magnetic phase after pressing. Such change varies as a function of the height of the compacted part and it is ascribed to macro-elastic stress arising from the pressure distribution in the magnet. An aging/curing step during 24 h is able to relief such macro-elastic stress. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

La trasformazione dei processi legislativi nella società dell'informazione: dall'e-Legislation all'e-Parliament

The transformation of legislative processes in the Information society: from eLegislation to eParliament This research analyzes, by means of an interdisciplinary and comparative approach, the transformation of legislative processes produced by the introduction of new ICT technologies. The use of ICT in support of parliamentary activities is concerned with efficiency of parliamentary process and aims at more transparent procedures, improved access to documents, social participation and cooperation among institutions. With ICT Parliaments are now able to improve their efficiency and optimize their business; they can advance the dialogue with their citizen both, through the real access and the effective availability of information and, through new way of participation in the democratic process. Finally, sharing information, know-out, best practices and other records, Parliaments will be able to develop new information and knowledge and to strengthen the role and power of Institutions. Only through a global vision of the full process, re-thinking and develop rules and uniform standard and so implementing the new opportunities carrying out by ICT, it will be possible to put in practice concrete eParliament results. The Research goals are at least three: 1. To Analysed the legislative process and the ICT opportunities to understand the impact of the latter on the former. In particular to check up the problems that ICT can raise in relation of the constitutional principles ensuring the process itself. 2. To realized an abstract model representing the legislative process regardless of the form of government, chambers composition, legal system, etc. 3. To suggest standard, structural, linguistic and ontological, able to implement the new opportunities of sharing, cooperation and reuse among the many and various stakeholders of the democratic/legislative view.

Ottimizzazione del processo di imballaggio di Riuniti Odontoiatrici

La mia attività di tesi è stata svolta presso CEFLA Dental Group di Imola (BO). Essa ha trattato lo studio e il re-engineering del sistema attuale di imballaggio dei riuniti odontoiatrici ( vedi CAP 2 ),ponendo particolare attenzione all’utilizzo di materiali ecosostenibili e alla riduzione di tempi e costi. Il mio lavoro è stato suddiviso in quattro fasi ben distinte: la prima, all’interno dell’area produttiva, è servita per analizzare in dettaglio le varie fasi di montaggio dei gruppi e sottogruppi di alcuni modelli di riuniti dentali scelti come riferimento. A seguire, affiancato a operatori specializzati, ho assistito alle operazioni di imballaggio, stoccaggio in magazzino e carico. Nella seconda fase, ho raccolto anche una serie di informazioni utili all’analisi, tra cui i costi dei vari elementi dell’imballo, i tempi necessari all’operatore e infine lo storico dei reclami degli ultimi anni. Ho poi selezionato gli aspetti critici più ricorrenti. Durante la terza fase, ho eseguito la vera e propria analisi, proponendo alcune soluzioni di miglioramento. Infine nell’ultima fase ho valutato economicamente le varie soluzioni ipotizzate, focalizzandomi inoltre sui tempi di manodopera.

Ranking Software Artifacts

Reengineering and integrated development plat- forms typically do not list search results in a particularly useful order. PageRank is the algorithm prominently used by the Google internet search engine to rank the relative importance of elements in a set of hyperlinked documents. To determine the relevance of objects, classes, attributes, and methods we propose to apply PageRank to software artifacts and their relationship (reference, inheritance, access, and invocation). This paper presents various experiments that demonstrate the usefulness of the ranking algorithm in software (re)engineering.