Person with Scarlet Fever Excluded from East Transport, and Taken to Hospital Artworks

postwar vesion of F 38331

"Polenschutz ist kein Geschenk"; To be Sent to Poland is Not a Privilege Artworks

Postwar version of F 38341

Collecting Planks for Kumbal (Small Room) Artworks

Postwar Version of F 39343

Arrival of Danish Jews in Theresienbad; Czech Gendarms Throwing Away Half Cigarette Stumps; Collecting Planks for Kumbal Artworks

postwar version of F 38346

Arrival of Danish Jews in Theresienbad Artworks

postwar version of F 38346

Competitors: Old Woman Looking for Potatos in the Rubbish, so do Birds and Rats Artworks

postwar version of F 38348

Mortality Rate: 150 People Died Daily Artworks

postwar version of F 38352

Arrival of Dutch Jews from Westerbork Artworks

postwar version of F 38354

Weddings of a Cook and a Cleaning Lady Artworks

postwar version of F 38358

Cooks Get Preferred Treatment at a Doctors Office Posters and Signs

postwar version of F 38360

Women Heat Up Soup Over Fire in a Hamburger Barrack Artworks

postwar version of F 38362

Men Secretely Sharing a Smoke Artworks

postwar version of F 38366

Die Bonke; News from the Frontline in Latrine B IV Posters and Signs

postwar version of F 38368

The right path : The autobiography of a survivor /

Account of the German occupation of Kecskemet; fate of Jews of Kecskemet; liberation; immediate postwar experiences in Kecskemet; memories of childhood in Kotaj and Kecskemet; move to Budapest; training as soccer player in Budapest; return to Kecskemet and work in printing shop; fate of family members during the holocaust; early years of World War II in Kecskemet; entry into forced labor; life in labor camp; escape and hiding; liberation by Red Army; return to Kecskemet under Soviet Ukrainian occupation; return to printing business in Kecskemet; courtship and marriage in April 1945; reuinion with two sisters; birth of daugher; move to Budapest in 1949; work as printer in Budapest; life in Budapest under Communist domination; anti-Semitism; uprising of 1956 in Budapest; flight to Vienna; life in Vienna; emigration to USA; life in New York; move to Los Angeles; started business in food preparation; coached soccer team.

Kirkko, Kekkonen ja kommunismi poliittisina kriisivuosina 1958-1962

This study explores the relationship of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland to communism and political power during the period of crises in Finnish foreign relations with the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1962. During this period the USSR repeatedly interfered in Finland´s domestic affairs and limited her foreign political freedom of action. The research subjects for this dissertation are the bishops of the Church of Finland and the newspaper Kotimaa, which can be regarded as the unofficial organ of the church at the time. A typical characteristic of the Church of Finland from the beginning of the twentieth century was patriotism. During the interwar years the church was strongly anti-communist and against the Soviet Union. This tendency was also evident during the Second World War. After the war the Finnish Church feared that the rise of the extreme left would jeopardize its position. The church, however, succeeded in maintaining its status as a state church throughout the critical years immediately following the war. This study indicates that, although the manner of expression altered, the political attitude of the church did not substantially change during the postwar period. In the late 1950s and early 1960s the church was still patriotic and fear of the extreme left was also evident among the leaders of the church. The victory of the Finnish People's Democratic League in the general election of 1958 was an unwelcome surprise to the church. This generated fear in the church that, with Soviet support, the Finnish communists might return to governmental power and the nation could become a people's democracy. Accordingly, the church tried to encourage other parties to set aside their disagreements and act together against the extreme left throughout the period under study. The main characteristics of the church´s political agenda during this period of crisis were to support the Finnish foreign policy led by the president of the republic, Urho Kekkonen, and to resist Finnish communism. The attitude of Finnish bishops and the newspaper Kotimaa to the Cold War in general was generally in agreement with the majority of western Christians. They feared communism, were afraid of the USSR, but supported peaceful co-existence because they did not want an open conflict with the Soviets. Because of uncertainties in Finland's international position the Finnish Church regarded it as necessary to support the Finnish policy of friendship towards the USSR. The Finnish Church considerer it unwise to openly criticize the Soviet Union, tried resist the spread of communism in Finnish domestic policy. This period of foreign policy crises was principally seen by the church as a time when there was a need to strengthen Finland's unstable national position.