990 resultados para Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920)


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In this paper I discuss one of the most significant strategies in Spinoza’s theoretical approach against those that entrave its understanding in a very powerful way. As well as Descartes, Spinoza uses the inmediate or unreflexive experience for developing his conception of free will or the distinction between body and soul, but he does so in order to prove that the experience is useful to demonstrate some purely anti-Cartesian thesis that express the core principles of Spinozism.

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This dissertation investigates the atomic power solution in Finland between 1955 - 1970. During these years a national arrangement for atomic energy technology evolved. The foundations of the Finnish atomic energy policy; the creation of basic legislation and the first governmental bodies, were laid between 1955 - 1965. In the late 1960's, the necessary technological and political decisions were made in order to purchase the first commercial nuclear reactor. A historical narration of this process is seen in the international context of "atoms for peace" policies and Cold War history in general. The geopolitical position of Finland made it necessary to become involved in the balanced participation in international scientific-technical exchange and assistive nuclear programs. The Paris Peace Treaty of 1947 categorically denied Finland acquisition of nuclear weapons. Accordingly, from the "Geneva year" of 1955, the emphasis was placed on peaceful purposes for atomic energy as well as on the education of national professionals in Finland. An initiative for the governmental atomic energy commission came from academia but the ultimate motive behind it was an anticipated structural change in the supply of national energy. Economically exploitable hydro power resources were expected to be built within ten years and atomic power was seen as a promising and complementing new energy technology. While importing fuels like coal was out of the question, because of scarce foreign currency, domestic uranium mineral deposits were considered as a potential source of nuclear fuel. Nevertheless, even then nuclear energy was regarded as just one of the possible future energy options. In the mid-1960 s a bandwagon effect of light water reactor orders was witnessed in the United States and soon elsewhere in the world. In Finland, two separate invitations for bids for nuclear reactors were initiated. This study explores at length both their preceding grounds and later phases. An explanation is given that the parallel, independent and nearly identical tenders reflected a post-war ideological rivalry between the state-owned utility Imatran Voima and private energy utilities. A private sector nuclear power association Voimayhdistys Ydin represented energy intensive paper and pulp industries and wanted to have free choice instead of being associated themselves with "the state monopoly" in energy pricing. As a background to this, a decisive change had started to happen within Finnish energy policy: private and municipal big thermal power plants became incorporated into the national hydro power production system. A characteristic phenomenon in the later history is the Soviet Union s effort to bid for the tender of Imatran Voima. A nuclear superpower was willing to take part in competition but not on a turnkey basis as Imatran Voima had presumed. As a result of many political turns and four years of negotiations the first Finnish commercial light water reactor was ordered from the East. Soon after this the private nuclear power group ordered its reactors from Sweden. This work interprets this as a reasonable geopolitical balance in choosing politically sensitive technology. Conceptually, social and political dimensions of new technology are emphasised. Negotiations on the Finnish atomic energy program are viewed as a cooperation and a struggle, where state-oriented and private-oriented regimes pose their own macro level views and goals (technopolitical imaginaries) and defend and advance their plans and practical modes of action (schemata). Here, not only technologists but even political actors are seen to contribute to technopolitical realisations.

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Wydział Historyczny: Instytut Historii

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A menu from the Hotel Des Reservoirs with the date 9 June. There are some handwritten comments that include "Versailles" and "Note: One wing of this hotel occupied by German delegates to Peace Conference".

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Tabla de contenidos: Algunas cuestiones críticas y metodológicas en relación con el estudio de revistas / Verónica Delgado. El estudio de revistas culturales en la era de las humanidades digitales. Reflexiones metodológicas para un debate / Hanno Ehrlicher. La prensa en red: los periódicos de Francisco de Paula Castañeda / Claudia Roman. Leer (con) imágenes. Litografías y prensa periódica en los procesos de lectura y escritura a mediados del siglo XIX en el Río de la Plata / Hernán Pas. El Sud Americano. Notas para una historia material y visual de la prensa periódica ilustrada en el siglo XIX / Sandra M. Szir. El momento continentalista de Lugones: la Revue Sud-Américaine (1914) / Margarita Merbilhaá. Las biografías de hombres de ciencia en el proyecto intelectual de la Revista de Filosofía / Cristina Beatriz Fernández. Imagen y consumo en la Atlántida de los años veinte / Talía Bermejo. Para iluminar el sexo y el cuerpo. Revista Cultura Sexual y Física de Editorial Claridad / Laura Fernández Cordero. Escrituras de un lector de revistas y periódicos: los cuadernos de Angel Nuñez (1919-1920) / Geraldine Rogers. Enfrentamientos periodísticos en los comienzos de Noticias Gráficas / Sylvia Saítta. Suplemento de literatura: cultura impresa y ficción en la Revista Multicolor de los Sábados / María de los Angeles Mascioto. La revista Qué: prácticas editoriales y filiaciones estéticas en el inicio del surrealismo argentino / Armando V. Minguzzi. Las representaciones del magisterio en la prensa oficial: El Monitor de la Educación, 1900-1930 / Flavia Fiorucci. Gaceta Literaria: un artefacto editorial y una revista de pasaje en la trama de la cultura comunista latinoamericana de los años '50 / Adriana Petra. Desde La Plata hacia el mundo a través de Diagonal Cero / Silvia Dolinko. Los Libros: del estructuralismo al isabelismo con una escala latinoamericana / Marcela Croce. Las relaciones entre discurso crítico y política en la revista Los Libros / Fabio Espósito.

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v. 20 (1919-1920)

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Haft. 46 (1919-1920)

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5, 1919-1920

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At head of title: Deuxième Conférence de la Paix.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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At head of title: Secretaría de Industria, Comercio y Trabajo.