996 resultados para Favelas Aspectos sociais Rio de Janeiro (RJ)


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Streptococcus agalactiae isolates are more common among pregnant women, neonates and nonpregnant adults with underlying diseases compared to other demographic groups. In this study, we evaluate the genetic and phenotypic diversity in S. agalactiae strains from Rio de Janeiro (RJ) that were isolated from asymptomatic carriers. We analysed these S. agalactiae strains using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, as well as by determining the macrolide resistance phenotype, and detecting the presence of the ermA/B, mefA/E and lnuB genes. The serotypes Ia, II, III and V were the most prevalent serotypes observed. The 60 strains analysed were susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin and levofloxacin. Resistance to clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, rifampin and tetracycline was observed. Among the erythromycin and/or clindamycin resistant strains, the ermA, ermB and mefA/E genes were detected and the constitutive macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B-type resistance was the most prevalent phenotype observed. The lnuB gene was not detected in any of the strains studied. We found 56 PFGE electrophoretic profiles and only 22 of them were allocated in polymorphism patterns. This work presents data on the genetic diversity and prevalent capsular serotypes among RJ isolates. Approximately 85% of these strains came from pregnant women; therefore, these data may be helpful in developing future prophylaxis and treatment strategies for neonatal syndromes in RJ.

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The lethality of malaria in the extra-Amazonian region is more than 70 times higher than in Amazonia itself. Recently, several studies have shown that autochthonous malaria is not a rare event in the Brazilian southeastern states in the Atlantic Forest biome. Information about autochthonous malaria in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) is scarce. This study aims to assess malaria cases reported to the Health Surveillance System of the State of Rio de Janeiro between 2000-2010. An average of 90 cases per year had parasitological malaria confirmation by thick smear. The number of malaria notifications due to Plasmodium falciparum increased over time. Imported cases reported during the period studied were spread among 51% of the municipalities (counties) of the state. Only 35 cases (4.3%) were autochthonous, which represents an average of 3.8 new cases per year. Eleven municipalities reported autochthonous cases; within these, six could be characterised as areas of residual or new foci of malaria from the Atlantic Forest system. The other 28 municipalities could become receptive for transmission reintroduction. Cases occurred during all periods of the year, but 62.9% of cases were in the first semester of each year. Assessing vulnerability and receptivity conditions and vector ecology is imperative to establish the real risk of malaria reintroduction in RJ.

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OBJETIVO: Este trabalho aborda as conseqncias de laudos necroscpicos incompletos de baleados, nos casos em que no foi possvel o uso de recursos radiolgicos para localizar os projteis de arma de fogo. MATERIAIS E MTODOS: Foram analisados 8.185 laudos necroscpicos do Instituto Mdico-Legal Afrnio Peixoto, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, referentes demanda total de cadveres no perodo de 1º de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2001, dos quais 3.122 casos corresponderam a necropsias de baleados. RESULTADOS: Desses casos, 309 corpos foram sepultados contendo ainda, no seu interior, projteis de arma de fogo, podendo suscitar futuras indagaes judiciais. No mesmo perodo foram solicitadas 23 exumaes, 12 delas com a finalidade de recolher projteis. Foram calculados os gastos relacionados realizao de necropsias de baleados - R$ 996,85 - e custos alusivos realizao de exumaes com a finalidade de recolher projteis de arma de fogo - R$ 1.155,40, visando a estabelecer o montante financeiro que poderia ser poupado pelos cofres pblicos, a ser alocado para finalidades outras, se a percia mdico-legal de baleados, no exame inicial, obtivesse sucesso. CONCLUSO: Os resultados permitiram concluir que todos os atos necroscpicos de baleados devem seguir protocolos especficos, uma vez que percias incompletas exigem exumao posterior, com gastos adicionais desnecessrios.

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Ce mmoire interroge lhistoire, larticulation pratique et les effets de ce que lon appelle actuellement au Brsil lurbanisation intgratrice, un type dintervention tatique dans les favelas (bidonvilles) de Rio de Janeiro. Il sagit dune nime tentative de rgler le problme de la favela, consistant en lurbanisation de son territoire (insertion dinfrastructure publique, consolidation du cadre bti) et la lgalisation de son statut et de ses pratiques (octroi de droits de proprit foncire et insertion de rglementation publique). Officiellement, cest une manire de mettre fin lexclusion dont les populations faveladas sont victimes depuis lapparition des favelas Rio. Lanalyse est faite partir de ltude du PAC-Favelas, un programme du gouvernement fdral lanc en 2008, et son application dans la favela Rocinha. Il est propos de considrer lurbanisation intgratrice en tant que dispositif scuritaire ou biopolitique, cest--dire en tant quappareil de gouvernement de la population locale. travers le projet, on planifie de formaliser les conduites, daccrotre la circulation des ressources, de transformer les perceptions des rsidents, de contenir les excs et les risques associs la favela et de tendre vers la prise en charge entirement planifie en un mot, dassurer le passage vers lintervention permanente. Concrtement, cela revient pour ltat procder une slection, par des moyens lgitims ou indirects (le plan, la loi, le march), des individus et des pratiques dsormais admissibles sur le territoire. Lespace se rarfie, le contrle augmente et les prix montent : ne peut demeurer que celui qui a dj atteint un certain niveau de stabilit, relguant les plus prcaires devoir progressivement quitter le territoire. Urbaniser la Rocinha, cest un peu forcer son embourgeoisement en la rendant enfin scurise, civilise et rentable.

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O objetivo da dissertao foi obter um modelo de previso para os preos dos imveis, praticados no mercado imobilirio da cidade do Rio de Janeiro no ano 2000, utilizando a Metodologia do Preo Hednico (HPM), que deve reponder a duas questes: a) Quais so as caractersticas relevantes; b) Qual a forma de relacionamento entre os preos e as caractersticas. O modelo de previso foi obtido, com base em procedimentos economtricos, e teve duas etapas distintas. Na primeira etapa, de formulao do modelo, foram realizadas regresses paras as formas funcionais mais utilizadas pelos estudos na rea, a saber, a forma funcional linear, dupla logartmica e semilogartmica. Em seguida foi utilizado o procedimento de seleo de modelos geral para especfico. A segunda etapa consistiu na previso fora da amostra. Isto , a partir das formas funcionais reduzidas e utilizando-se dos coeficientes das variveis significativas, obteve-se os preos estimados e em seguida foram comparados com os preos efetivamente praticados pelo mercado. Calculou-se, ento, os Erro Quadrtico Mdio (EQM) e o Erro Absoluto Mdio (EAM) e com o auxlio dos testes de diagnsticos e igualdade de varincia, escolheu-se a forma funcional que melhor se adequou aos dados Desta forma, para um nvel de significncia de 5%, a forma funcional que melhor se adequou aos critrios estabelecidos foi a dupla logartmica e apresentou como resultado da estimao um R2=92,63% e dentre as caractersticas mais relevantes para estimao do preo do imvel pode-se destacar, entre outras, o tamanho do imvel como caractersticas fsicas; a ocorrncia de roubos como caractersticas de segurana, a quantidade disponvel de bens e servios destinados ao lazer como caractersticas de vizinhana e a disponibilidade ou no de servios de hotelaria como caractersticas dummies.

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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo a implantao de um Programa de Histria Oral na Cmara Municipal do Rio de Janeiro, com a constituio de um acervo de entrevistas gravadas sobre a histria do Legislativo do novo municpio formado com a fuso dos antigos estados da Guanabara e Rio de Janeiro, em 1975.Esse acervo servir no s como fonte de informao sobre o papel da Cmara Municipal na histria da cidade, a trajetria de seus vereadores e a lgica do processo legislativo, mas tambm como importante ferramenta de preservao e divulgao do passado e da memria da instituio.

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The Judicial Authority has more and more prominence for the principal place on the public discussion. His role performed as political institution and agency in charged of the jurisdiction installment has been object of discussion. Frequently diagnostics are made about a crisis that include the Judicial System. At the same way are made diverse changes, searching transform from formalities until the ritual of fill a job of Judge. Were certainly, by this point of view, far from the period that the judicial questions were corresponded to jurisconsult. The discussion has increased, calling to order not only jurisconsult but also members of Congress, press and of the civil organisms. Thus international organisms, despite their economic issues, entered at the discussion being watchful to the emergency reforms to be taken by the Judicial Authority. However, although the changes end the relative agreement of the emerging crisis, the Judicial System continue to be unknown. Still now with the beginning of the Juizados Especiais Criminais, the organizational form originated in 1995. The main core of the discussion about Juizados Especiais Criminais is centralized in isolated cases instead of a global analysis, resulting of the join between data and observations about historic series. The final object of this dissertation is centered on the analysis of the activities of the organizational variables of the Juizados Especiais Criminais da Comarca da Capital do Estado do Rio de Janeiro in its first years of functioning.

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The Brazilian public administration must act with efficiency, developing its activities with readiness and minimizing the use of resources. However, it has not been being able to work with increasing demand in solve complex problems. Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (TCERJ) is the entity responsible for the operational audit of the public institutions of Rio de Janeiro State and its Municipals districts, except for the Capital. It has detected itself that the society demand is superior to its operational capacity of assistance. This dissertation tries to know if the public works audits system adopted by TCERJ could be considered a viable system. Considering that the systems approaches represents the key to work with a reality more and more complex, the Viable System Modelo (VSM) was adopted as reference, having been developed by Stafford Beer with cybernetics basis. Finally, taking VSM as reference in the normative level, it could be affirmed that the studied system is not a viable system to verify that, the studied system is not a viable system yet.

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Esta dissertao tem por objetivo principal propor mecanismos para elaborao de uma poltica pblica visando erradicao da explorao sexual de crianas e adolescentes no chamado turismo sexual na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para tanto, faz-se reflexes tericas sobre o tema, considerando a situao de vulnerabilidade social na qual se encontra grande parte da populao. Alm disso, define-se o significado de polticas pblicas a fim de compreender como estas podem auxiliar na soluo do problema proposto. Como procedimentos de coleta das informaes, foram feitas entrevistas presenciais baseadas em roteiros no estruturados, que possibilitaram a construo de uma relao entre a reviso bibliogrfica realizada e a percepo in loco das profissionais do sexo sobre o assunto. A partir disso, foi possvel atingir ao objetivo final e propor temas para estudos futuros.

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This study aimed to verify the type of Personnel Management adopted during the period between January 2005 and December 2008 at the Municipal General Attorneys Office (PGM-RJ) is compatible with the challenges of society and management people in the twenty-first century and why. To enable this conclusion, the means used were the research literature, documentary and field, through a process of self-ethnography. The literature review presented the evolutionary process and culture of public administration in Brazil, the new challenges of society and people management in the twenty-first century, the evolutionary process of managing people and its main approaches and models. The field research provided data wich related to them with the literature review, allowed to identify the predominant features of public administration and culture of PGM-RJ and the people management approaches identified. In addition, the study highlights that despite the effort in making changes and advances in the use of many different ideas of functionalist approach, the human resource practices adopted in the PGM-RJ during the period between January 2005 and December 2008 were not fully compatible with the challenges of society and people management in the twenty-first century.

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Esta dissertao procura analisar a metodologia de implementao da Gesto pela Qualidade Total na Administrao Pblica, a partir de um estudo de caso realizado na Controladoria Geral da Prefeitura da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Com esse propsito, a pesquisa emprica enfatiza a investigao das prticas e dos fenmenos organizacionais, luz da teoria da gesto contempornea, tendo como principais parmetros de anlise: a interpretao das dimenses culturais, a avaliao da produtividade administrativa e as estratgias de gesto. o estudo evidencia que a lgica intrnseca cultura administrativa nacional precisa ser considerada na adoo de novos modelos de gesto na administrao pblica.

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A descentralizao da Secretaria Municipal de Educao um marco no Sistema Municipal de Educao da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Aproveitando sua experincia como participante do processo de descentralizao, o autor disserta sobre as mudanas que foram implementadas, analisando se houve avanos em relao a participao do diretor de escola no processo decisrio e tambm se houve aumento do seu poder discricionrio. Foram realizadas entrevistas com professores e diretores de escola do Sistema Municipal de Ensino da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, para que, atravs de abordagem crtica, fosse possvel estabelecer se existiram alteraes significativas que proporcionassem a melhoria da qualidade de ensino.

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A consolidao da democracia e o fortalecimento das instituies em nosso pas, aliados a uma persistncia do patrimonialismo e do clientelismo nas relaes entre a sociedade civil e o Estado brasileiro, fazem emergir a necessidade do estabelecimento de uma cultura democrtica em que os cidados acompanhem permanentemente as principais aes dos governantes e gestores pblicos. O controle social sobre a administrao pblica revela-se de fundamental importncia para que os governos sejam responsivos e caminhem no sentido de perseguir o interesse pblico. As eleies, como mecanismo de accountability, mostram-se insuficientes para assegurar que os governantes implementem de forma eficaz, eficiente e efetiva as polticas pblicas de que a sociedade necessita. A presente pesquisa buscou responder como pode o Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (TCE-RJ), rgo de controle externo, fomentar e estimular o controle social exercido sobre os gestores dos rgos sob sua jurisdio. Para tal, este estudo utilizou-se de pesquisa de campo em outras Cortes de Contas com o objetivo de apontar possveis aes que o TCE-RJ possa implementar com vistas induo de cidadania e incremento do controle social. Verificou-se que o TCE-RJ pode ter, de fato, uma ao efetiva no estmulo sociedade fluminense com vistas ao incremento do controle das aes e polticas implementadas pelos gestores pblicos. O estudo sugere um conjunto de quatorze medidas que podem ser tomadas pelo TCE-RJ com este objetivo.

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This study discusses the preparation and execution of the Municipal Annual Budget Law of the City of Rio de Janeiro. It tries to show how the City historically evolved and how its administrative structure was built, leading to the offer of public services to a residing population of approximately six million people today. By using processes of supplementary credits to the Budget, comparing results of the budget execution along a four-year period and with charts related to these years, answers are searched to explain the reasons for amendments to the Annual Budget Law, which modify it and change part of its initial objectives, in spite of hours of previous planning work dedicated to its preparation. This research shows a City in its context and puts together a few data, through a survey of budget management actions, to report on the administrative complexity of metropolis like Rio de Janeiro, although without the intent of being definitive in terms of exhausting the issue.

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An increasing interest in society towards a tourist questions inspire studies for the new city plans. The objective of this plans is development the structure for attract more tourists. The objective of the present study is to investigate the impact of the new carnival street groups in South Zone in Rio de Janeiro. The study was based on quality data - two focus group one of them is a young person who lived in South Zone and the other with young person who lived in North Zone. Both groups has experience which street carnival. The focus groups agree with the idea of the South Zone street carnival is happiness, used of different fantasy, security and freedom, but disagree about the choice of many groups and the responsibility of organization. Both groups said the main problem is de size of groups and in the future this group limits the popular participation.