800 resultados para Creative ability -- Psychological aspects
Resumo:
Este proyecto es un programa para trabajar diferentes temas de salud para alunmos/as de 1º y 2º de la E.S.O. en las tutorias del centro.
Resumo:
Un estudi troba diferències en els criteris per triar parella que apliquen les dones que prenen anticonceptius orals i les dones que no
Resumo:
Teaching in sports with technique and tactic has brought different proposals in last years. From teaching games for understanding (TgfU), it has suggest some activities in teaching of sport, emphasizing the integrate teaching, and now is the moment for analysis and reflection, with enough time to prove if the contribution theory and practices help to know this model of teaching
The transtheoretical model in weight management: Validation of the Processes of Change Questionnaire
Resumo:
Objective: The processes of change implied in weight management remain unclear. The present study aimed to identify these processes by validating a questionnaire designed to assess processes of change (the P-Weight) in line with the transtheoretical model. The relationship of processes of change with stages of change and other external variables is also examined. Methods: Participants were 723 people from community and clinical settings in Barcelona. Their mean age was 32.07 (SD = 14.55) years; most of them were women (75.0%), and their mean BMI was 26.47 (SD = 8.52) kg/m2. They all completed the P-Weight and the stages of change questionnaire (SWeight), both applied to weight management, as well as two subscales from the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 and Eating Attitudes Test-40 questionnaires about the concern with dieting. Results: A 34-item version of the PWeight was obtained by means of a refinement process. The principal components analysis applied to half of the sample identified four processes of change. A confirmatory factor analysis was then carried out with the other half of the sample, revealing that the model of four freely correlated first-order factors showed the best fit (GFI = 0.988, AGFI = 0.986, NFI = 0.986, and SRMR = 0.0559). Corrected item-total correlations (0.322-0.865) and Cronbach"s alpha coefficients (0.781-0.960) were adequate. The relationship between the P-Weight and the S-Weight and the concern with dieting measures from other questionnaires supported the validity of the scale. Conclusion: The study identified processes of change involved in weight management and reports the adequate psychometric properties of the P-Weight. It also reveals the relationship between processes and stages of change and other external variables.
Resumo:
En los últimos 50 años se han producido importantes cambios en el patrón epidemiológico. El aumento de la esperanza de vida y el descenso de la natalidad han originado un envejecimiento de la población y una mayor prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas. Aunque el envejecimiento es un fenómeno universal, en España, se está produciendo a una velocidad mayor que en otros países. Se espera que la población mayor de 80 años aumente su tamaño en un 66% entre 1986 y 2010. La mayor parte de los cuidados que necesitan las personas con enfermedades crónicas o invalidez, se dispensan en el núcleo familiar y aunque desde la década de los 80 se observa una mayor preocupación por los cuidadores informales no existe un sistema de apoyo institucional eficaz. A través de una revisión bibliográfica de los últimos 5 años, se analiza la situación actual en nuestro país y se reflexiona sobre el futuro de estos cuidados, debido a los cambios profundos que se están produciendo en las formas de vida de la familia. También se hace hincapié en las repercusiones físicas, psicológicas y sociales que tiene el hecho de cuidar para el cuidador principal y sobre el proceso de atención a la familia que deberían desarrollar los profesionales, especialmente la enfermera.
Resumo:
En los últimos 50 años se han producido importantes cambios en el patrón epidemiológico. El aumento de la esperanza de vida y el descenso de la natalidad han originado un envejecimiento de la población y una mayor prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas. Aunque el envejecimiento es un fenómeno universal, en España, se está produciendo a una velocidad mayor que en otros países. Se espera que la población mayor de 80 años aumente su tamaño en un 66% entre 1986 y 2010. La mayor parte de los cuidados que necesitan las personas con enfermedades crónicas o invalidez, se dispensan en el núcleo familiar y aunque desde la década de los 80 se observa una mayor preocupación por los cuidadores informales no existe un sistema de apoyo institucional eficaz. A través de una revisión bibliográfica de los últimos 5 años, se analiza la situación actual en nuestro país y se reflexiona sobre el futuro de estos cuidados, debido a los cambios profundos que se están produciendo en las formas de vida de la familia. También se hace hincapié en las repercusiones físicas, psicológicas y sociales que tiene el hecho de cuidar para el cuidador principal y sobre el proceso de atención a la familia que deberían desarrollar los profesionales, especialmente la enfermera.
Resumo:
Study of the changes in health habits of 105 cancer patients’ relatives and close friends after the diagnosis. The aim is to try to verify whether the knowledge of the disease has got some impact in the modification of their life styles. The emotional alterations influence in this change of behaviour has been analysed futhermore. An interview of own creation and HADS (Anxiety Hospital and Depression Scale of Zigmond and Snaith, 1983) instrument, in a Spanish and a Catalan version, were used with this aim. The results show that 21.1% of the participants presented positive changes in their health habits after the diagnosis of the relative or close friend and 11.5% showed negative changes. In relation to the role of the emotions, averages of anxiety (14,33; d.t.=4,98) and depressive (10,17; d.t.=4,93) symptoms were higher in those subjects who made negative changes than in those who did not make any change (9,32; d.t.=5,37 and 6,33; d.t.=4,64). In addition, the youngest participants, with more depressive symptoms and who visit the subject more often, are those who become more assets modifying health habits. The results suggest that emotional alterations, mainly depressive symptoms, are associated with negative change and, therefore, it would be suitable to lend some type of attention to these alterations in the population studied with the purpose of improving their present and future health
Resumo:
BACKGROUND: Patient-centered care (PCC) has been recognized as a marker of quality in health service delivery. In policy documents, PCC is often used interchangeably with other models of care. There is a wide literature about PCC, but there is a lack of evidence about which model is the most appropriate for maternity services specifically. AIM: We sought to identify and critically appraise the literature to identify which definition of PCC is most relevant for maternity services. METHODS: The four-step approach used to identify definitions of PCC was to 1) search electronic databases using key terms (1995-2011), 2) cross-reference key papers, 3) search of specific journals, and 4) search the grey literature. Four papers and two books met our inclusion criteria. ANALYSIS: A four-criteria critical appraisal tool developed for the review was used to appraise the papers and books. MAIN RESULTS: From the six identified definitions, the Shaller's definition met the majority of the four criteria outlined and seems to be the most relevant to maternity services because it includes physiologic conditions as well as pathology, psychological aspects, a nonmedical approach to care, the greater involvement of family and friends, and strategies to implement PCC. CONCLUSION: This review highlights Shaller's definitions of PCC as the one that would be the most inclusive of all women using maternity services. Future research should concentrate on evaluating programs that support PCC in maternity services, and testing/validating this model of care.
Resumo:
Per entendre l’experiència d’una pèrdua i dur a terme una intervenció amb una valoració holística del pacient amb dol, és útil conèixer que aquesta pèrdua és present a la vida humana i que tota persona és susceptible a viure-la. Cada pas que fem en el nostre camí perdem coses, des de persones a un objecte significatiu, fins a les coses més efímeres com és la joventut, els somnis o les idees que ens permeten l’enfrontament a les dures “realitats de la vida”L’objectiu d’aquest estudi és valorar el coneixement del concepte de dol, dol patològic i dóna a conèixer quin és el procés de dol a partir de la teoria de les etapes d’ Elisabet Kübler-Ross, Parkes i Worden com els pares de les tasques d’aquest procés. Per altra banda pretén, donar a conèixer la detecció d’un dol per així evitar la cronificació d’aquest i que el pacient pugui dur a terme un bonacompanyament del dolLa metodologia es realitzarà a partir d’un estudi d’anàlisis qualitatiu i quantitatiu, descriptiu i bivariant en els professionals d’infermeria de les àrees bàsiques de salut de la ciutat de Girona: Girona 1(CAP Santa Clara), Girona 2 (CAP Can Gibert del Pla), Girona 3 (CAP de Montilivi) i Girona 4(CAP Taialà)Per l’anàlisi estadística descriptiva i bivariant s’utilitzarà el programa SPSS v20 per l’anàlisi quantitativa i el programa N-Vivo 10 per l’anàlisi qualitativa. I per l’obtenció dels resultats es realitzarà una anàlisis descriptiva bivariant. Els resultats obtinguts en aquest estudi ens ajudaran a detectar necessitats relacionades amb la formació i l’aprenentatge dels professionals de l’atenció primària i la manca de recursos en relació al dol
Resumo:
En este estudio se compara la intervención psicológica por excelencia en casos de obesidad y sobrepeso, la intervención cognitivoconductual, con la intervención humanista. Mediante el seguimiento de tres grupos de investigación a los que se prescriben restricciones propias de una dieta hipocalórica, uno sometido a terapia humanista individual, otro sometido a terapia cognitivoconductual grupal y un tercero sometido a una formación nutricional (grupo de cuasicontrol), este estudio pretende determinar si un enfoque humanista y la atención pormenorizada a la idiosincrasia del cliente marcan la diferencia en el tratamiento de la obesidad y/o el sobrepeso.
Resumo:
Puesto que el título elegido para este artículo es poco preciso, conviene advertir al lector qué se encontrará en las siguientes páginas. Lo que sigue forma parte de un estudio en curso sobre la experiencia contemporánea del sufrimiento. De los distintos aspectos de dicho estudio se han seleccionado aquí dos cuestiones: la distribución social del sufrimiento y la construcción de la experiencia del sufrimiento en las sociedades tardocapitalistas. La razón última de la combinación de estas dos cuestiones es explicar la percepción que hoy se tiene del sufrimiento ajeno y, también, del sufrimiento propio.
Resumo:
Article que ofereix un recull de bibliografia relacionada amb l'educació emprenedora
Resumo:
¿Qué recursos dispone un profesor, alumno, padre o escuela para optimizar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje? El objetivo del articulo es presentar un modelo teórico que permita responder esta pregunta. Tradicionalmente los 'recursos educativos' -artefactos implicados en las actividades de enseñanza-aprendizaje- se han reducido a ciertos instrumentos como un manual o libro de texto, una libreta o una pizarra.Sin embargo, la psicología cultural advierte que nuestra geografia fisica (personas, objetos y simbolos de nuestro derredor) tiene también un valor psicológico y educativo. En base al modelo ecológico de Bronfenbrenner propone mos la existencia de cuatro tipos de recursos: los 'micro-recursos', los 'meso-recursos', los 'exo-recursos' y los 'macro-recursos'. Después de definir estos conceptos los ilustramos con ejemplos derivados de distintas experiencias y programas de investigación e intervención como el "funds of knowledge" ('fondos de conocimiento') de Arizona
Resumo:
The overall goal of this study was to explore and identify good aggression management methods and on that basis to produce recommendations for aggression management in the adolescent forensic setting. The study was conducted in three phases. In Phase I, staff’s (n = 58) perception of adolescent aggressive behaviour and methods to manage it was examined. In Phase II, staff’s (n = 30) perception of treatment settings and treatment interventions available were studied. In Phase III, the effectiveness of an aggression management programme was evaluated. The data were collected during the period 2004-2007. Participants perceived adolescent aggressive behaviour in a similar way and described aggressive behaviour as being a comprehensible phenomenon. Management methods used to control aggressive situations were alike, although the practical solutions varied between the study units, especially regarding coercive methods. Staff members proposed more time and better opportunities to discuss and evaluate the aggression situation in order to improve the methods used. The treatment settings were similar in studied forensic units and interventions were primarily focused on psychological aspects, including management of aggressive behavior. A comprehensive aggression management programme proved to be effective in decreasing incidents of violence. The use of coercive methods in aggression situations decreased and injuries to the staff became less frequent. If staff members intend to apply high quality management methods in aggression situations they have to share a consistent understanding of aggressive behaviour and need to be aware of the various methods available. In addition, they should learn more about assessment methods in order to improve aggression management. International comparison of aggression, methods for managing it and service provision creates a starting point for developing equal care provision and realization within and between European countries.
Resumo:
Several studies have reported that symptoms of anxiety and depression are significantly associated with diseases characterized by painful crises. However, there is little information about the psychological aspects of recurrent painful episodes of renal stone disease. Our objective was to evaluate the association of symptoms of anxiety, depression and recurrent painful renal colic in a case-control study involving 64 subjects (32 cases/32 controls) matched for age and sex. Cases were outpatients with a confirmed diagnosis of nephrolithiasis as per their case history, physical examination, image examination and other laboratory exams. Patients had a history of at least two episodes within a 3-year period, and were currently in an intercrisis interval. The control group consisted of subjects seen at the Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic of this University Hospital with only eye refraction symptoms, and no other associated disease. Symptoms of anxiety were evaluated by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and symptoms of depression by the Beck Depression Inventory. Statistically significant differences were observed between patients with nephrolithiasis and controls for anxiety state (P = 0.001), anxiety trait (P = 0.005) and symptoms of depression (odds ratio = 3.74; 95%CI = 1.31-10.62). The Beck Depression Inventory showed 34.5% of respondents with moderate and 6% with severe levels of depression. There was a significant linear correlation between symptoms of anxiety (P = 0.002) and depression (P < 0.001) and the number of recurrent colic episodes (anxiety-state: P = 0.016 and anxiety-trait: P < 0.001). These data suggest an association between recurrent renal colic and symptoms of both anxiety and depression.