Effectiveness of ozonated water on Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, and endotoxins in root canals

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ozonated water in the elimination of Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, and endotoxins from root canals. Twenty-four single-rooted human teeth were inoculated with C. albicans and E. faecalis, and 24 specimens were inoculated with Escherichia coli endotoxin. Ozonated water (experimental group) or physiologic solution (control group) was used as irrigant agent. Antimicrobial effectiveness was evaluated by the reduction of microbial counts. Lipopolissacharide complex presence was assessed by limulus amebocyte lysate test and B-lymphocyte stimulation. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests (5%). Ozonated water significantly reduced the number of C. albicans and E. faecalis at the immediate sampling, but increased values were detected after 7 days. Ozonated water did not neutralize endotoxin. It could be concluded that ozonated water was effective against C. albicans and E. faecalis but showed no residual effect. No activity on endotoxin was observed.

Experimental systemic virulence of oral Candida dubliniensis isolates in comparison with Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei

There are no previous studies on the comparative virulence of Candida dubliniensis with other non-albicans species. The aim of this study was to compare the virulence and infection kinetics of C. dubliniensis and other species. Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei (reference strains) were inoculated intravenously in mice. For infection kinetics evaluation, a group of five animals were sacrificed after 6 h, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Microbiological evaluations (liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs and brain) and histopathological examination of the kidney were performed. The results of virulence evaluation were analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (5%). Candida dubliniensis-inoculated mice survived for longer periods compared with those with C. albicans (P = 0.005). No differences were detected in relation to C. tropicalis (P = 0.326) and C. krusei (P = 0.317). Most of the organs were persistently colonised by C. albicans and C. dubliniensis even by day 21. Tendency of C. krusei clearance was observed in all organs. Fungal masses and renal lesions were observed after inoculation of C. albicans, C. dubliniensis and C. tropicalis. Within the limits of the study, data on survival rate and dissemination capacity suggest that C. dubliniensis is less virulent than C. albicans.

The effects of rose bengal- and erythrosine-mediated photodynamic therapy on Candida albicans

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Susceptibility of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutans biofilms to photodynamic inactivation: an in vitro study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparison of the photodynamic fungicidal efficacy of methylene blue, toluidine blue, malachite green and low-power laser irradiation alone against Candida albicans

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Experimental pathogenicity of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis with continuous and discontinuous fringes morphotypes

A possible correlation between the presence of discontinuous fringes and high virulence has been previously suggested. The aim of this study was to compare the pathogenicity of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis with continuous and discontinuous fringes morphotypes on mice. For C. albicans, two discontinuous fringe morphotype isolates (PN 69, PN 74), two continuous fringe morphotype isolates (N 60, N 33) and one reference strain were used. For C. dubliniensis, three discontinuous fringe morphotype isolates (97487, 97464, 97519), two continuous fringe morphotype isolates (97040, 98026) and one reference strain were used. Swiss male mice were inoculated with a standardised suspension of the microorganisms and observed for 35 days. The pathogenicity of the isolates was analysed according to parameters proposed previously. Three isolates were considered pathogenic: PN 74, N 60 and 98026. Strain N 60 killed the highest amount of mice (80%). Animals inoculated with C. albicans did not show differences on survival estimate. Candida dubliniensis 98026 was more pathogenic than samples 97464 and 97519. on the other hand, the sample 97487 showed a higher pathogenicity when compared with 97040 (Kaplan-Meier test, P = 0.008). Strains with continuous fringe morphotypes were also associated with Candida sp. virulence in vivo.

In vitro adherence of Candida albicans isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis

Adherence is considered an extremely important virulence factor in yeast. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the adherence to epithelial cells of C. albicans isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis in comparison to healthy patients. Material and methods: Candida albicans cells isolated from individuals with chronic periodontitis (n=25) and healthy controls (n=25) were included in this study. Suspensions of C. albicans (10(6) cells/rnL) and epithelial cells (10(5) cells/mL) were mixed and incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 h. The number of yeasts adhered to 25 epithelial cells was counted. Results: The number of C. albicans cells adhered to epithelial cells was statistically higher in the chronic periodontitis group than in the control group (Student's t-test, p=0.000). Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest a higher Candida adherence of samples isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis.

Influence of artificial saliva in biofilm formation of Candida albicans in vitro

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Oral Candida albicans isolates from HIV-positive individuals have similar in vitro biofilm-forming ability and pathogenicity as invasive Candida isolates

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Susceptibility of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis to erythrosine- and LED-mediated photodynamic therapy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of erythrosine- and LED-mediated photodynamic therapy on buccal candidiasis infection of immunosuppressed mice and Candida albicans adherence to buccal epithelial cells

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY of SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE ASSOCIATED WITH INTRACANAL MEDICATION FOR Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis INOCULATED IN ROOT CANALS

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the action of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) associated with an intracanal medication against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis inoculated in root canals. Material and Methods: Thirty-six human single-rooted teeth with single root canals were used. The canals were contaminated with C. albicans and E. faecalis for 21 days and were then instrumented with 1% NaOCl. The roots were divided into 3 groups (n=12) according to the intracanal medication applied: calcium hydroxide paste, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, and 2% CHX gel associated with calcium hydroxide. The following collections were made from the root canals: a) initial sample (IS): 21 days after contamination (control), b) S1: after instrumentation, c) S2: 14 days after intracanal medication placement; S3: 7 days after intracanal medication removal. The results were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test at 5% significance level. Results and Conclusions: Both 1% NaOCl irrigation and the intracanal medications were effective in eliminating E. faecalis and C. albicans inoculated in root canals.