Method development and optimization for the determination of selenium in bean and soil samples using hydride generation electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

The present investigation is the first part of an initiative to prepare a regional map of the natural abundance of selenium in various areas of Brazil, based on the analysis of bean and soil samples. Continuous-flow hydride generation electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-ET AAS) with in situ trapping on an iridium-coated graphite tube has been chosen because of the high sensitivity and relative simplicity. The microwave-assisted acid digestion for bean and soil samples was tested for complete recovery of inorganic and organic selenium compounds (selenomethionine). The reduction of Se(VI) to Se(IV) was optimized in order to guarantee that there is no back-oxidation, which is of importance when digested samples are not analyzed immediately after the reduction step. The limits of detection and quantification of the method were 30 ng L(-1) Se and 101 ng L(-1) Se, respectively, corresponding to about 3 ng g(-1) and 10 ng g(-1), respectively, in the solid samples, considering a typical dilution factor of 100 for the digestion process. The results obtained for two certified food reference materials (CRM), soybean and rice, and for a soil and sediment CRM confirmed the validity of the investigated method. The selenium content found in a number of selected bean samples varied between 5.5 +/- 0.4 ng g(-1) and 1726 +/- 55 ng g(-1), and that in soil samples varied between 113 +/- 6.5 ng g(-1) and 1692 +/- 21 ng g(-1). (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Nominal versus indexed debt: A quantitative horse race

The main arguments in favor and against nominal and indexed debts are the incentive to default through inflation versus hedging against unforeseen shocks. We model and calibrate these arguments to assess their quantitative importance. We use a dynamic equilibrium model with tax distortion, government outlays uncertainty, and contingent-debt service. Our framework also recognizes that contingent debt can be associated with incentive problems and lack of commitment. Thus, the benefits of unexpected inflation are tempered by higher interest rates. We obtain that costs from inflation more than offset the benefits from reducing tax distortions. We further discuss sustainability of nominal debt in developing (volatile) countries. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Sexual satisfaction among patients with erectile dysfunction treated with counseling, sildenafil, or both

Introduction. Sexual satisfaction is linked to life satisfaction, and erectile dysfunction (ED) may lead to an impaired quality of life (QOL). Aim. Our goal was to evaluate the QOL among Brazilian patients with ED, before and after three kinds of treatment. Methods. Men aged 25-55 years, with a diagnosis of psychogenic or mixed ED, according to the Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, and the Standard Practice in Sexual Medicine, were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: counseling, sildenafil, and sildenafil plus counseling. At baseline each group had 40 patients. Sildenafil was provided in 50 mg that could be adjusted to 100 mg. The patients could initially take one to two tablets per week and the entire treatment lasted for 3 months. Counseling was provided in group sessions that took place once a week. They were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months of treatment with the Male Sexual Quotient (MSQ) and the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM). Main Outcome Measures. The correlation between the patients` MSQ score and scores on the SHIM. Results. One hundred seventeen patients were enrolled. The three groups were similar according to age, marital status, mean time of ED, and ED severity and etiology. At baseline, MSQ and SHIM total scores were not different among the three groups. MSQ scores increased from 41.2 +/- 15.3, 38.7 +/- 18.0, and 46.8 +/- 17.0 to 48.5 +/- 15.3, 63.8 +/- 21.6, and 70.0 +/- 17.3 after counseling, sildenafil, and sildenafil plus counseling, respectively (P < 0.05). SHIM scores also increased significantly (9.6 +/- 4.1, 9.7 +/- 4.1, and 10.2 +/- 3.9 to 12.1 +/- 3.9, 16.7 +/- 5.6, and 17.7 +/- 4.5 after counseling, sildenafil, and sildenafil plus counseling, respectively) (P < 0.05). There were no serious adverse events related to sildenafil, and no patient was withdrawn from the study because of an adverse event. Conclusions. The three treatments were significantly efficient, and the best treatment was sildenafil associated with counseling.

Risk indicators for increased probing depth in an isolated population in Brazil

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of probing depth (PD) and to investigate the associations between demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral risk indicators and PD in a periodontally untreated and isolated population in Brazil. Methods: The target population consisted of all individuals aged >= 12 years as identified by a census. Consenting participants were submitted to a full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth and were interviewed using a structured written questionnaire. Results: Among the 214 subjects who were interviewed and clinically examined, PD >= 4 mm was observed in 54% to 83% of the subjects, depending on age, whereas the age-dependent prevalence of PD :6 mm ranged from 5% among 12- to 19-year-olds to 50% among 40- to 49-year-olds, decreasing to 40% among subjects >= 50 years of age. Multivariate analyses identified supragingival calculus (odds ratio [OR] = 5.4 to 10.3; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 2.5 to 11.6 and 4.0 to 26.2 for 20% to 50% and > 50% of the sites, respectively) as a risk indicator for PD A mm, whereas age :40 years (OR = 9.0; 95% CI: 1.7 to 48.5), being a moderate/heavy smoker (OR = 3.7; 95% CI: 1.4 to 10. 1), and having supragingival calculus in 20% to 50% of sites (OR = 6.8; 95% CI: 1.4 to 32.4) or in >50% of sites (OR = 15.3; 95% CI: 3.2 to 73.6) were risk indicators for PD >= 6 mm. Having undergone urgency dental treatment was a protective factor for PD A and >= 6 mm (OR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2 to 0.8). Conclusions: Increased PD is highly prevalent in this isolated population. Behavioral factors played a significant role as risk indicators for increased PD in this isolated population.

Os 20 anos da carreira de Especialista em Pol??ticas P??blicas e Gest??o Governamental do governo federal e seu papel estrat??gico para o aprimoramento da gest??o e das pol??ticas p??blicas

O trabalho visa apresentar o atual est??gio de desenvolvimento dos processos de gest??o da carreira de Especialista em Pol??ticas P??blicas e Gest??o Governamental do governo federal. Assim, discorrer-se-?? sobre o modelo de gest??o adotado ?? luz dos estudos e discuss??es realizados pela Secretaria de Gest??o e consultores externos, com a participa????o dos pr??prios gestores. Essas reflex??es, realizadas ao longo do ??ltimo ano, permitiram identificar as estrat??gias que devem orientar todos os processos relacionados ?? carreira. O trabalho perpassa os temas: defini????o do perfil do ocupante do cargo de Especialista em Pol??ticas P??blicas e Gest??o Governamental; diretrizes para aprimorar o concurso p??blico; o processo de identifica????o das compet??ncias a serem desenvolvidas pelos seus membros, estrat??gias utilizadas para definir a aloca????o inicial; o acompanhamento do est??gio probat??rio; e algumas quest??es relacionadas ?? mobilidade funcional dos membros desta carreira. Constata-se que estas iniciativas refor??am a presen??a dos membros da carreira na condu????o das principais pol??ticas p??blicas e intensificam sua atua????o em rede, o que resulta em impactos positivos para a formula????o e execu????o de pol??ticas complexas, que demandam o envolvimento de m??ltiplos atores.

Influência de um programa de exercício na aptidão física pós-transplante hepático: o caso da polineuropatia amiloidótica familiar nas suas componentes composição corporal, capacidade funcional e função neuromuscular

Portugal é o país que mais transplantes hepáticos efectuou a nível mundial e o segundo com maior número de dadores por milhão de habitantes, com a região centro do país a liderar a doação de órgãos. Esta liderança na área da transplantação hepática contribui também para as elevadas taxas de sobrevivência destes doentes, suportada pela excelência técnica de uma equipa multidisciplinar diferenciada, complementada por recentes avanços terapêuticos. Portugal é, também a nível mundial, o país com maior número de casos de polineuropatia amiloidótica familiar (PAF), variante TTRmet30 (proteína transtirretina mutada) tipo português, diagnosticados, sendo em algumas regiões considerada como uma doença endémica. Apesar de novas terapêuticas em estudo (exemplo: Tafamidis), até à data o transplante hepático parece ser a única terapêutica com eficácia ao retardar ou mesmo na estabilização da evolução desta doença hereditária e degenerativa, progressiva e fatal no prazo de 10-15 anos após o início da sintomatologia.

Applicability of SERVQUAL in restaurants: an exploratory study in a Portuguese resort

SERVQUAL is the most popular instrument to ascertain service quality. However, some debate exists about its ability to characterize different service environments. Furthermore, there is not a consensus about the inclusion of customer expectations in the model. The research presented in this paper intends to discuss the applicability of SERVQUAL to restaurant services and to analyze the inclusion of customer expectations in such environment. The research was developed in a Portuguese resort and more than 300 customers, from two different restaurants, were invited to participate in the study.

O peregrino instruído. Em torno de um projecto de viagem setecentista

Comunicação apresentada no 3," Encontro Internacional de Tomar, subordinado ao tema Odisséias Reais e Odisséias Espirituais em Julho de 1986. pp. 27-58

Jayme de la Té y Sagáu e suas "cantatas humanas" (Lisboa 1715/26)

pp. 141-183

Jayme de la té y sagáu

pp. 141-183

Energy harvesting device based on a metallic glass/PVDF magnetoelectric laminated composite

A flexible and low cost energy harvester device based on the magnetoelectric (ME) effect has been designed using Fe64Co17Si7B12 as amorphous magnetostrictive ribbons and PVDF as the piezoelectric element. Sandwich-type laminated composite of 3 cm long has been fabricated by gluing these ribbons to the PVDF with the Devcon 5 minute epoxy. Good power output and power density of 6.4 μW and 1.5 mW/cm3, respectively, have been obtained through a multiplier circuit. All values have been measured at the magnetomechanical resonance of the laminate. The effect of the length of the ME laminate on the power output has been also studied, exhibiting a decay as the length of the ME laminate does. Nevertheless, good performance of such device has been obtained for a 0.5 cm long device, working already at 337 KHz, within the low radio frequency (LRF) range.

A experiência perceptiva nos ecrãs. Novas perspectivas interdisciplinares

(Excerto) O corpo humano, embora seja um elemento central no domínio dos estudos culturalistas, tende a ser paradoxalmente esquecido quando fazemos a recensão dos trabalhos na área dos “Estudos da comunicação”. Talvez devido às suas ligações históricas com a semiótica e a linguística, o modelo linguístico tende a dominar os trabalhos de investigação. Apesar das tentativas de vários autores, os estudos das percepções, nomeadamente as que reflectem a actividade perceptiva associada às novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação como os ecrãs dos computadores, estão centrados nas questões de leitura, como é o caso dos estudos da produção e da recepção ou através da análise do discurso. Por outro lado, a tradição sociológica nos estudos da comunicação preocupa-se, quase exclusivamente, com as componentes sociais como é o caso dos cyberstudies.

Da transparência

[Excerto] O ecrã assume a fronteira que separa a relação entre o artefacto verdadeiramente dito e o seu receptor. Cinema, Televisão ou Media Interactivos dependem da representação visual para existir contudo a relação que procuram com os seus receptores sejam eles passivos ou activos é de envolvência total. Nesse sentido e tendo em conta esta separação operada pelo ecrã que decorre do enquadramento que circunscreve o espaço ou da separação física que se efectua pelo vidro ou tela existe uma necessidade da parte do medium de se desfazer desse mesmo ecrã. É necessário proceder a mecanismos de transparência que criem a ilusão no espectador/participante de que ele está no mesmo plano do objecto e que nada os separa.

Curtis's botanical magazine.

v.42=no.1726-1770 (1815)

Palabra escrita y poder. La biblioteca del convento franciscano de Córdoba del Tucumán. (Siglos XVII Y XVIII).

El objeto de este proyecto es el estudio de la biblioteca del convento franciscano de Córdoba del Tucumán entre los siglos XVII y XVIII, a través de los únicos inventarios patrimoniales de sus libros, el primero redactado en 1726 y el segundo en 1815. La rareza y riqueza de la fuente hallada, muy poco común para la ciudad y otros espacios de Argentina, amerita el estudio de la circulación y posesión del libro, así como de la conformación de uno de los acervos coloniales bibliográficos más importantes de los entonces Tucumán, Paraguay y Río de la Plata, después de la Librería Grande del Colegio Máximo de la Compañía de Jesús de Córdoba.