Pulsar test of a violation of discrete symmetries in gravitation

We determine an improved limit on C and P violation to the extended gravitational potential of Leitner and Okubo using the millisecond pulsar PSR 1937+214 data. © 1989.

Hydration-dependent conformational states of hemoglobin. Equilibrium and kinetic behavior

The equilibrium and kinetics of methemoglobin conversion to hemichrome induced by dehydration were investigated by visible absorption spectroscopy. Below about 0.20 g water per g hemoglobin only hemichrome was present in the sample; above this value, an increasing proportion of methemoglobin appeared with the increase in hydration. The transition between the two derivatives showed a time-dependent biphasic behavior and was observed to be reversible. The rates obtained for the transition of methemoglobin to hemichrome were 0.31 and 1.93 min-1 and for hemichrome to methemoglobin 0.05 and 0.47 min-1. We suggest that hemichrome is a reversible conformational state of hemoglobin and that the two rates observed for the transition between the two derivatives reflect the α- and β-chains of hemoglobin.

Toda and Volterra lattice equations from discrete symmetries of KP hierarchies

The discrete models of the Toda and Volterra chains are being constructed out of the continuum two-boson KP hierarchies. The main tool is the discrete symmetry preserving the Hamiltonian structure of the continuum models. The two-boson currents of KP hierarchy are being associated with sites of the corresponding chain by successive actions of discrete symmetry.

On discrete symmetries of the multi-boson KP hierarchies

We show that the multi-boson KP hierarchies possess a class of discrete symmetries linking them to discrete Toda systems. These discrete symmetries are generated by the similarity transformation of the corresponding Lax operator. This establishes a canonical nature of the discrete transformations. The spectral equation, which defines both the lattice system and the corresponding Lax operator, plays a key role in determining pertinent symmetry structure. We also introduce the concept of the square root lattice leading to a family of new pseudo-differential operators with covariance under additional Bäcklund transformations.

Symmetries and time evolution in discrete phase spaces: a soluble model calculation

Using the flexibility and constructive definition of the Schwinger bases, we developed different mapping procedures to enhance different aspects of the dynamics and of the symmetries of an extended version of the two-level Lipkin model. The classical limits of the dynamics are discussed in connection with the different mappings. Discrete Wigner functions are also calculated. © 1995.

Toda lattice field theories, discrete W algebras, Toda lattice hierarchies and quantum groups

In analogy with the Liouville case we study the sl3 Toda theory on the lattice and define the relevant quadratic algebra and out of it we recover the discrete W3 algebra. We define an integrable system with respect to the latter and establish the relation with the Toda lattice hierarchy. We compute the relevant continuum limits. Finally we find the quantum version of the quadratic algebra.

Discrete generator coordinate: Symmetry restoration in finite-dimensional spaces

Group theoretical-based techniques and fundamental results from number theory are used in order to allow for the construction of exact projectors in finite-dimensional spaces. These operators are shown to make use only of discrete variables, which play the role of discrete generator coordinates, and their application in the number symmetry restoration is carried out in a nuclear BCS wave function which explicitly violates that symmetry. © 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

H2 and/or H∞-norm model reduction of uncertain discrete-time systems

This paper addresses the problem of model reduction for uncertain discrete-time systems with convex bounded (polytope type) uncertainty. A reduced order precisely known model is obtained in such a way that the H2 and/or the H∞ guaranteed norm of the error between the original (uncertain) system and the reduced one is minimized. The optimization problems are formulated in terms of coupled (non-convex) LMIs - Linear Matrix Inequalities, being solved through iterative algorithms. Examples illustrate the results.

On the solution of mathematical programming problems with equilibrium constraints

Mathematical programming problems with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) are nonlinear programming problems where the constraints have a form that is analogous to first-order optimality conditions of constrained optimization. We prove that, under reasonable sufficient conditions, stationary points of the sum of squares of the constraints are feasible points of the MPEC. In usual formulations of MPEC all the feasible points are nonregular in the sense that they do not satisfy the Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification of nonlinear programming. Therefore, all the feasible points satisfy the classical Fritz-John necessary optimality conditions. In principle, this can cause serious difficulties for nonlinear programming algorithms applied to MPEC. However, we show that most feasible points do not satisfy a recently introduced stronger optimality condition for nonlinear programming. This is the reason why, in general, nonlinear programming algorithms are successful when applied to MPEC.

Common architecture for discrete wavelet transform analysis and synthesis with sequential and constant processing elements

This paper adresses the problem on processing biological data such as cardiac beats, audio and ultrasonic range, calculating wavelet coefficients in real time, with processor clock running at frequency of present ASIC's and FPGA. The Paralell Filter Architecture for DWT has been improved, calculating wavelet coefficients in real time with hardware reduced to 60%. The new architecture, which also processes IDWT, is implemented with the Radix-2 or the Booth-Wallace Constant multipliers. Including series memory register banks, one integrated circuit Signal Analyzer, ultrasonic range, is presented.

Reversible Hamiltonian Liapunov center theorem

We study the existence of periodic solutions in the neighbourhood of symmetric (partially) elliptic equilibria in purely reversible Hamiltonian vector fields. These are Hamiltonian vector fields with an involutory reversing symmetry R. We contrast the cases where R acts symplectically and anti-symplectically. In case R acts anti-symplectically, generically purely imaginary eigenvalues are isolated, and the equilibrium is contained in a local two-dimensional invariant manifold containing symmetric periodic solutions encircling the equilibrium point. In case R acts symplectically, generically purely imaginary eigenvalues are doubly degenerate, and the equilibrium is contained in two two-dimensional invariant manifolds containing nonsymmetric periodic solutions encircling the equilibrium point. In addition, there exists a three-dimensional invariant surface containing a two-parameter family of symmetric periodic solutions.

Linear quadratic Gaussian control of discrete-time Markov jump linear systems with horizon defined by stopping times

The linear quadratic Gaussian control of discrete-time Markov jump linear systems is addressed in this paper, first for state feedback, and also for dynamic output feedback using state estimation. in the model studied, the problem horizon is defined by a stopping time τ which represents either, the occurrence of a fix number N of failures or repairs (T N), or the occurrence of a crucial failure event (τ δ), after which the system paralyzed. From the constructive method used here a separation principle holds, and the solutions are given in terms of a Kalman filter and a state feedback sequence of controls. The control gains are obtained by recursions from a set of algebraic Riccati equations for the former case or by a coupled set of algebraic Riccati equation for the latter case. Copyright © 2005 IFAC.

Jacobi script v sign-functions and discrete Fourier transforms

Properties of the Jacobi script v sign3-function and its derivatives under discrete Fourier transforms are investigated, and several interesting results are obtained. The role of modulo N equivalence classes in the theory of script v sign-functions is stressed. An important conjecture is studied. © 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Discrete-time sliding mode control of input-delay systems applied on a power generation system

This paper presents two discrete sliding mode control (SMC) design. The first one is a discrete-time SMC design that doesn't take into account the time-delay. The second one is a discrete-time SMC design, which takes in consideration the time-delay. The proposed techniques aim at the accomplishment simplicity and robustness for an uncertainty class. Simulations results are shown and the effectiveness of the used techniques is analyzed. © 2006 IEEE.