Criança e arte: expressão da cultura regional em um ambiente de aprendizagem em arte de uma escola municipal de educação infantil de Rio Grande/RS

Esta dissertação buscou identificar a presença dos aspectos da cultura regional nas situações cotidianas vivenciadas por um grupo de crianças de quatro anos de idade no Ambiente de Aprendizagem em Artes e Ciências Naturais da EMEI Oscar de Moraes, pertencente à rede municipal do Rio Grande (RS). A proposição da investigação partiu da mudança proposta pela Lei Federal nº 12.287/2010, que alterou o segundo parágrafo do artigo 26 da LDB 9394/96. A nova redação estabelece que ―O ensino de arte, especialmente em suas expressões regionais, constituirá componente curricular obrigatório nos diversos níveis da educação básica, de forma a promover o desenvolvimento cultural dos alunos‖ (BRASIL, 2010, p. 1). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, tendo o estudo de caso como importante elemento de compreensão do ambiente pesquisado e a observação e o registro em caderno de campo como as estratégias utilizadas para a produção de dados. A inserção no Ambiente de Aprendizagem em Artes e Ciências Naturais da EMEI Oscar de Moraes permitiu identificar a utilização desse ambiente para registro, através de diferentes modos e linguagens do trabalho realizado com projetos, e também a possibilidade de descobertas e brincadeiras por meio das produções e criações artísticas das crianças. A análise dos dados foi realizada com base nos seguintes autores: Derdyk (1990), Richter (2004), Edwards (1999), Duarte Júnior (1981), Horn (2007), Ostetto (2000), Rinaldi (2012), Cunha (2014), Brougère (1998), Bertoni (2014). Os resultados expressaram que a presença da família na escola pode ser considerada uma das formas de inserção da cultura regional na escola, promovendo a convivência com diferentes pessoas e ampliando, dessa forma, o repertório de vivências e aprendizados das crianças. Os resultados também evidenciaram a presença da utilização das datas comemorativas nas situações cotidianas do Ambiente de Aprendizagem em Arte e Ciências Naturais, levando em consideração, nesse aspecto, a documentação abordada no estudo e os referenciais utilizados; considerei também como uma possibilidade de inserção e apropriação da cultura regional na escola

Essays on cultural and institutional dynamics in economic development using spatial analysis

This thesis seeks to research patterns of economic growth and development from a number of perspectives often resonated in the growth literature. By addressing themes about history, geography, institutions and culture the thesis is able to bring to bear a wide range of inter-related literatures and methodologies within a single content. Additionally, by targeting different administrative levels in its research design and approach, this thesis is also able to provide a comprehensive treatment of the economic growth dilemma from both cross-national and sub-national perspectives. The three chapters herein discuss economic development from two broad dimensions. The first of these chapters takes on the economic growth inquiry by attempting to incorporate cultural geography within a cross-country formal spatial econometric growth framework. By introducing the global cultural dynamics of languages and ethnic groups as spatial network mechanisms, this chapter is able to distinguish economic growth effects accruing from own-country productive efforts from those accruing from interconnections within a global productive network chain. From this, discussions and deductions about the implications for both developed and developing countries are made as regards potentials for gains and losses from such types and levels of productive integration. The second and third chapters take a different spin to the economic development inquiry. They both focus on economic activity in Africa, tackling the relevant issues from a geo-intersected dimension involving historic regional tribal homelands and modern national and subnational administrative territories. The second chapter specifically focuses on attempting to adopt historical channels to investigate the connection between national institutional quality and economic development in demarcated tribal homelands at the fringes of national African borders. The third chapter on the other hand focuses on looking closer at the effects of demarcations on economic activity. It particularly probes how different kinds of demarcation warranted by two different but very relevant classes of politico-economic players have affected economic activity quite distinguishably within the resulting subnational regions in Africa.

A identidade regional na imprensa de proximidade beirã. Dois periódicos viseenses de 1959 a 2011.

Os contornos de um mundo em mudança e a evolução do pensamento há muito que se afastaram dos conceitos de identidades unas e imutáveis. A própria aceitação da mutabilidade traduz-se também nos cenários das vastas possibilidades para os fenómenos identitários à escala global. Também por isso, e mais do que nunca, se revela preponderante a reflexão sobre tais fenómenos identitários e a compreensão da sua intervenção e pertinência nas constantes reconfigurações sociais da atualidade. Esse será o universo do presente trabalho, onde serão auscultadas atuais conceções identitárias e o seu lugar no caso português. Este estudo configura-se, portanto, a partir de objetivos centrais bem delimitados: identificar e caracterizar a eventual existência de identidades regionais em Portugal, no caso particular dos territórios associados a Viseu. Este ponto de partida surge da análise da frequente cartografia das identidades territoriais na realidade portuguesa, bem como da continuidade de anteriores estudos do autor. Com efeito, verifica-se que frequentemente se definem duas grandes tipologias identitárias no que concerne à relação com o território: a local e a nacional. Tal posição surge em aberta contradição com os discursos mediáticos recorrentes onde a constante presença de um discurso de matriz regional obriga à dúvida inevitável. Nesse sentido, falando-se de região, foi necessário percorrer os conceitos de limite e de fronteira que a delimitam e lhe conferem sentido, indagando-se sobre o lugar da sua criação e da sua vivência. Assim, o trabalho orientou-se em dois grandes sentidos iniciais: o do levantamento da ação delimitadora do Estado, tido como autor das demarcações regionais em Portugal e o da auscultação da produção discursiva dos media regionais, agentes e expressão da identidade regional. A segunda dimensão obrigaria a um estudo aturado sobre a imprensa regional, objeto essencial do presente trabalho e a partir do qual será possível alcançar conclusões validáveis para o período entre 1959 e 2011. É então pelo cruzamento das duas dimensões referidas que se surpreende a existência de traços identitários regionais bem vincados, profundamente arreigados ao discurso do Estado Novo, raramente correspondendo aos intentos de delimitação das sucessivas iniciativas governamentais posteriores que, desse modo, revelam também um profundo distanciamento desse território que insistentemente vão dividindo. Entre o discurso eivado de simbolismo – embora centralista – do Estado Novo e as denominações técnicas – embora com o propósito de promover a descentralização do poder – da democracia, o discurso identitário da imprensa regional de Viseu alimenta-se ainda hoje do primeiro. Não porque vise os seus objetivos, mas porque é o que melhor caracteriza uma identidade relativamente pacificada: sempre pronta a recorrer ao passado beirão para afirmar as suas diferenças, sem no entanto pôr em causa o espírito da Nação; sempre pronta a denunciar o centralismo de Lisboa, esquecendo embora que foi esse centralismo que outrora lhe atribuiu a característica da genuinidade de, o que quer que seja, ser português.

Editorial Note: Regional Disparities and Convergence

This number of the IJLTFES – International Journal of Latest Trends in Finance and Economic Sciences – is dedicated specifically to Regional Disparities and Convergence.

Diseño e implementación de un sistema de soporte de decisiones para el Centro de Documentación Regional “Juan Bautista Vázquez”

El volumen de datos en bibliotecas ha aumentado enormemente en los últimos años, así como también la complejidad de sus fuentes y formatos de información, dificultando su gestión y acceso, especialmente como apoyo en la toma de decisiones. Sabiendo que una buena gestión de bibliotecas involucra la integración de indicadores estratégicos, la implementación de un Data Warehouse (DW), que gestione adecuadamente tal cantidad de información, así como su compleja mezcla de fuentes de datos, se convierte en una alternativa interesante a considerar. El artículo describe el diseño e implementación de un sistema de soporte de decisiones (DSS) basado en técnicas de DW para la biblioteca de la Universidad de Cuenca. Para esto, el estudio utiliza una metodología holística, propuesto por Siguenza-Guzman et al. (2014) para la evaluación integral de bibliotecas. Dicha metodología evalúa la colección y los servicios, incorporando importantes elementos para la gestión de bibliotecas, tales como: el desempeño de los servicios, el control de calidad, el uso de la colección y la interacción con el usuario. A partir de este análisis, se propone una arquitectura de DW que integra, procesa y almacena los datos. Finalmente, estos datos almacenados son analizados y visualizados a través de herramientas de procesamiento analítico en línea (OLAP). Las pruebas iniciales de implementación confirman la viabilidad y eficacia del enfoque propuesto, al integrar con éxito múltiples y heterogéneas fuentes y formatos de datos, facilitando que los directores de bibliotecas generen informes personalizados, e incluso permitiendo madurar los procesos transaccionales que diariamente se llevan a cabo.

Gestão colegiada da cadeia produtiva da cajucultura: o papel do comitê gestor no Rio Grande do Norte à luz do desenvolvimento regional sustentável

The theme of this dissertation is the collegiate management in the cashew cultivation s productive chain by the reading of the Managerial Committee s role in accordance with Sustainable Regional Development. The research had as aim to reveal the way as Managerial Committee s members of cashew cultivation s productive chain interpret the economic, social and environmental dimensions to the sustainability of entrepreneurships, using as interpretative base Sachs (2004) theoretical model. The theoretical reference is based in precepts of Solidarity Economy as a strategy to the Sustainable Regional Development. To reach this aim was done a case study, based in analysis of contents and semi-structured interviews with the solidarities economic entrepreneurships that integrate the Committee and with the group of Entities of Support and Fomentation responsible for formulating and conducting actions in favour of development of the chain. The research permitted to conclude that the economic, mainly, and social dimension, secondly, to super-impose the environmental dimension. The actions in favour of the chain are yet restricted and with low effectiveness when interpreted, in an integrated way, by a side, by the informers of this research and, by another side, in accordance with precepts of sustainable development

Da bancada ao Bureau: análise do desenvolvimento da biotecnologia no Nordeste Brasileiro sob o enfoque de Sistema Regional de Inovação

The starting point of the present work consisted of investigating the development of biotechnology in the Northeast region of Brazil from the perspective of a Regional Innovation System (RIS). The theoretical framework adopted relied on the approaches and concepts presented by the Neo-Schumpeterian perspective. This framework was chosen because, by means of the Innovation System concept, this literature allows us to analyze the relationships and configurations of actors, as well as the role of the state and of social, science and technology, and economic policies in the studied region. The analysis considered four selected dimensions: physical infrastructure, human capital, scientific production, and funding. These variables were chosen because they allow us to verify the possibilities and limitations of developing a biotechnology RIS in the Northeast of Brazil, and these elements would help in answering the question behind this dissertation. The location of the physical infrastructure was determined by means of bibliographic and documental research and interviews with heads of institutions that do biotechnology research. Regarding human capital, the analysis focused on resource training in biotechnology, highlighting graduate courses and research groups in the area. To measure knowledge production, we delimited scientific collaboration among researchers in the field of biotechnology as the focus of this category. For the funding dimension, information was gathered from reports available at the websites of national and state funding agencies. The data was analyzed through method triangulation, involving quantitative and qualitative research stages. To back the analyses, we revisited the integration policies in the area of Science, Technology and Innovation. Our analysis has shown that these policies play a crucial role in the development of biotechnology in the region being studied. The data revealed that the physical infrastructure is concentrated in only three states (Bahia, Ceará, and Pernambuco). In this regard, the Northeast Biotechnology Network (Renorbio) stands out as a strategic actor, enabling states with poor infrastructure to develop research through partnerships with institutions located in another state. We have also verified that the practices involving human resource training and knowledge production are factors that enable the emergence of a regional system for biotechnology in the studied region. As limitations, we have verified the low immersion level of regional actors, the heterogeneity of socioeconomic indicators, the lack of financial resources, and a low innovation culture in the business sector. Overall, we have concluded that the development of a Regional Innovation System in Biotechnology, based on the current regional dynamics, depends on an effective change in the behavior of the social agents involved, both in the national and regional dimensions as well as in the public and private spheres

Innovative approaches of regional policy of rural tourism development

The present work intends to study Rural Tourism. More specifically: regional policy of Rural Tourism development. Purpose of this research is creation of innovative qualitative model of regional policy of Rural Tourism development for Ukraine. With this aim literature review was made, developed a research methodology and analysis made. It was established a way of creation of qualitative model, based on studied information and scientific papers. Research methodology was described in next part. Decided to do it in three stages: (1) justification of analytical research; (2) data sample collection and analysis; (3) creating of innovative model of regional policy of Rural Tourism development. Each of these stages have sub stages supported by results of previous. In accordance to methodology, analytical part was made in two steps: (1) analysis of statistical information about rural houses availability; (2) analysis of resources needed for successfully Rural Tourism activity. This part gave information about placement of rural houses by geographical regions and defined most attractive geographical regions for Rural Tourism development. The results showed that the highest rural houses availability is in Western geographical region. Other regions have low level of rural houses availability. However, analysis of resources needed for successful Rural Tourism development showed, that all geographical regions are attractive for organizing Rural Tourism activity. Based on this information an innovative qualitative model of Rural Tourism development was created.

Síndrome de Burnout : um estudo com guias de turismo regional em Natal-RN

Burnout is a psychological syndrome triggered in response to continuous exposure to interpersonal stressors. It is considered a multifactorial construct, which is commonly characterized by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, dehumanization, and lack of personal accomplishment.This study aimed to verify if the three characteristics of burnout (exhaustion, lack of dehumanization and personal accomplishment) are present in people working as guides Tourism in Natal - RN. It is a descriptive and quantitative study. 109 subjects were surveyed. Data collection was done through the use of questionnaires, the instrument used was the characterization of the Burnout Scale (ECB) created and validated in Brazil by Trocoli and Tamayo (2000). In order to analyze data we used descriptive statistics, analysis of core measures, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, multiple discriminant and Spearman correlation. Factor analysis identified four factors that explain 58.3% of the total variance. Those factors were named exhaustion, deception, avoidance, and dehumanization. The reliability of the instrument, as measured by Cronbach's Alpha was 0.918, which is considered excellent reliability. The 109 subjects were grouped into three cluster, which had the deception, avoidance, and dehumanization as discriminant. It is possible to conclude that the characteristics of burnout syndrome are present in the studied population where 19 people are on the high level of burnout, moderate in 32 and 56 in the light. The correlations between socio-demographic variables studied and the dimensions of burnout, were few and weak. The variable leave for health reasons in the study appeared to be related to feelings of exhaustion and avoidance behavior appeared related to younger individuals and who work only in the activity of Receptive Tourism Guide. Verification of the incidence of burnout in individuals surveyed suggest the need to adopt intervention strategies are individual, organizational and / or combined

Contra as Secas: a engenharia e as origens de um planejamento regional no nordeste brasileiro

Droughts surfaced in 1877 as a crucial problem for the birthing Brazilian nation. Engineers, who formed the country's technical and scientific elite, took it upon themselves to study, understand and fight the problem through planned actions of intervention on space. This work, based on proposals and discussions contained in engineering magazines and reports, aims to provide elements for the comprehension of how these systematized actions against droughts, in the Iate nineteenth and early twentieth century, contributed to spatial analysis and the formation of a (then-inexistent) regional and territorial planning discipline in Brazi!. Engineers, by taking up the position of masterminds in the country's modernization, guaranteed for themselves personal economic stability, social prestige and political power. By understanding nature, either as a resource to be exploited or an adversary to national progress, they contributed to the delimitation of the region now known as the Northeast. By seeking to understand the drought phenomenon, they created knowledge about the space they sought to intervene on; by constructing their projects amid political and economical difficulty, they changed the organizational structures of cities and country in the northeast. The proposals for açudes (Iarge water reservoirs) allowed the fixation of population and the resistance against droughts; the roads - railroads and automotive roadways - connected the sertão to the capitais and the coast, speeding up help to the affected populations during droughts and allowing the circulation of goods so as to strengthen the local economies in normal rimes. The adopted practices and techniques, adapted from foreign experience and developed through trial and improvement, were consolidated as an eminently spatial intervention course, even if a theoretical body of regional or territorial planning wasn't formed in Brazil. Regional Planning proper was first applied in the country in the Northeast itself, in the 1950s, based off an economical view of reality in order to achieve development. The engineer's work prior tothat date, however, cannot be dlsconsldered. It was proved that, despite facing financial and political hurdles, engineers had a profound commitment to the problem and intended to act systematically to transform the economical and social relations in the region, in order to be victorious in their struggle against droughts

ANALYSIS OF MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES IN SEASONAL WETLANDS THROUGH TIME, ACROSS SPACE, AND USING SPECIES TRAITS

Restoration of natural wetlands may be informed by macroinvertebrate community composition. Macroinvertebrate communities of wetlands are influenced by environmental characteristics such as vegetation, soil, hydrology, land use, and isolation. This dissertation explores multiple approaches to the assessment of wetland macroinvertebrate community composition, and demonstrates how these approaches can provide complementary insights into the community ecology of aquatic macroinvertebrates. Specifically, this work focuses on macroinvertebrates of Delmarva Bays, isolated seasonal wetlands found on Maryland’s eastern shore. A comparison of macroinvertebrate community change over a nine years in a restored wetland complex indicated that the macroinvertebrate community of a rehabilitated wetlands more rapidly approximated the community of a reference site than did a newly created wetland. The recovery of a natural macroinvertebrate community in the rehabilitated wetland indicated that wetland rehabilitation should be prioritized over wetland creation and long-term monitoring may be needed to evaluate restoration success. This study also indicated that characteristics of wetland vegetation reflected community composition. The connection between wetland vegetation and macroinvertebrate community composition led to a regional assessment of predaceous diving beetle (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) community composition in 20 seasonal wetlands, half with and half without sphagnum moss (Sphagnum spp.). Species-level identifications indicated that wetlands with sphagnum support unique and diverse assemblages of beetles. These patterns suggest that sphagnum wetlands provide habitat that supports biodiversity on the Delmarva Peninsula. To compare traits of co-occurring beetles, mandible morphology and temporal and spatial variation were measured between three species of predaceous diving beetles. Based on mandible architecture, all species may consume similarly sized prey, but prey characteristics likely differ in terms of piercing force required for successful capture and consumption. Therefore, different assemblages of aquatic beetles may have different effects on macroinvertebrate community structure. Integrating community-level and species-level data strengthens the association between individual organisms and their ecological role. Effective restoration of imperiled wetlands benefits from this integration, as it informs the management practices that both preserve biodiversity and promote ecosystem services.

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for metals enrichment: A useful strategy for improving sensitivity of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in liquid samples analysis

A rapid and efficient Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) followed by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy detection (LIBS) was evaluated for simultaneous determination of Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn in water samples. Metals in the samples were extracted with tetrachloromethane as pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) complexes, using vortex agitation to achieve dispersion of the extractant solvent. Several DLLME experimental factors affecting extraction efficiency were optimized with a multivariate approach. Under optimum DLLME conditions, DLLME-LIBS method was found to be of about 4.0–5.5 times more sensitive than LIBS, achieving limits of detection of about 3.7–5.6 times lower. To assess accuracy of the proposed DLLME-LIBS procedure, a certified reference material of estuarine water was analyzed.

Prevalencia de las deformidades óseas y estructurales en pacientes con pie diabético que acuden al área de consulta externa de traumatología del Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca-Ecuador 2015

Objetivo general: Establecer la prevalencia de las deformidades óseas y estructurales en pacientes con pie diabético que acudieron al área de consulta externa de Traumatología del Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso durante el período de tres meses. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo llevado a cabo en 100 pacientes con pie diabético que acudieron a la consulta externa de Traumatología durante tres meses. El método de investigación fue la observación directa; las técnicas comprendieron entrevista, evaluación mediante plantoscopía y valoración radiográfica, los instrumentos usados fueron los formularios, los datos tras su validación fueron ingresados en una base en el programa SPSS V15; mediante el cual se realizó el análisis usando tablas simples con porcentajes y frecuencias relativas. Resultados: La media de edad fue de 64,09 años con el 84% de la población de sexo femenino; el cuadro clínico se caracterizó por presencia de callosidades 62%; metatarsalgia 57%; talalgia 48% y dolor en bunion de 21%. Tomando en consideración los parámetros radiográficos se diagnosticó hallux valgus 71%; deformidades de los dedos en garra 56%; pie plano 34%; dedos en martillo 31%; juanetillo de sastre 30%; hallux rigidus 16% y pie cavo 13%. La valoración mediante el uso de plantoscopía reveló 39% de pacientes pie plano y el 17% pie cavo

Biological significance of dead biomass retention trait in Mediterranean Basin species: an analysis between different successional niches and regeneration strategies as functional groups

Standing dead biomass retention is considered one of the most relevant fuel structural traits to affect plant flammability. However, very little is known about the biological significance of this trait and its distribution between different functional groups. Our aim was to analyse how the proportion of dead biomass produced in Mediterranean species is related to the successional niche of species (early-, mid- and late-successional stages) and the regeneration strategy of species (seeders and resprouters). We evaluated biomass distribution by size classes and standing dead biomass retention in nine dominant species from the Mediterranean Basin in different development stages (5, 9, 14 and 26 years since the last fire). The results revealed significant differences in the standing dead biomass retention of species that presented a distinct successional niche or regeneration strategy. These differences were restricted to the oldest ages studied (>9 years). Tree and small tree resprouters, typical in late-successional stages, presented slight variations with age and a less marked trend to retain dead biomass, while seeder shrubs and dwarf shrubs, characteristic of early-successional stages, showed high dead biomass loads. Our results suggest that the species that tend to retain more dead branches are colonising species that may promote fire in early-successional stages.

Boreal forest fire impacts on lower troposphere carbon monoxide and ozone levels at the regional to hemispheric scales

Tropospheric ozone (O3) and carbon monoxide (CO) pollution in the Northern Hemisphere is commonly thought to be of anthropogenic origin. While this is true in most cases, copious quantities of pollutants are emitted by fires in boreal regions, and the impact of these fires on CO has been shown to significantly exceed the impact of urban and industrial sources during large fire years. The impact of boreal fires on ozone is still poorly quantified, and large uncertainties exist in the estimates of the fire-released nitrogen oxides (NO x ), a critical factor in ozone production. As boreal fire activity is predicted to increase in the future due to its strong dependence on weather conditions, it is necessary to understand how these fires affect atmospheric composition. To determine the scale of boreal fire impacts on ozone and its precursors, this work combined statistical analysis of ground-based measurements downwind of fires, satellite data analysis, transport modeling and the results of chemical model simulations. The first part of this work focused on determining boreal fire impact on ozone levels downwind of fires, using analysis of observations in several-days-old fire plumes intercepted at the Pico Mountain station (Azores). The results of this study revealed that fires significantly increase midlatitude summertime ozone background during high fire years, implying that predicted future increases in boreal wildfires may affect ozone levels over large regions in the Northern Hemisphere. To improve current estimates of NOx emissions from boreal fires, we further analyzed ΔNOy /ΔCO enhancement ratios in the observed fire plumes together with transport modeling of fire emission estimates. The results of this analysis revealed the presence of a considerable seasonal trend in the fire NOx /CO emission ratio due to the late-summer changes in burning properties. This finding implies that the constant NOx /CO emission ratio currently used in atmospheric modeling is unrealistic, and is likely to introduce a significant bias in the estimated ozone production. Finally, satellite observations were used to determine the impact of fires on atmospheric burdens of nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) and formaldehyde (HCHO) in the North American boreal region. This analysis demonstrated that fires dominated the HCHO burden over the fires and in plumes up to two days old. This finding provides insights into the magnitude of secondary HCHO production and further enhances scientific understanding of the atmospheric impacts of boreal fires.