Evidence based for exercise program in physical therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis

Background: Multiple sclerosis is a disease of the central nervous system that affects more frequently young women. It is a progressive and unpredictable disease, resulting in some cases of disabilities and limitations to physical, psychological and social level. Purpose: To review the literature for evidence based of the effectiveness of physiotherapy intervention in multiple sclerosis.

Penalty fuzzy function for derivative-free optimization

Penalty and Barrier methods are normally used to solve Nonlinear Optimization Problems constrained problems. The problems appear in areas such as engineering and are often characterised by the fact that involved functions (objective and constraints) are non-smooth and/or their derivatives are not know. This means that optimization methods based on derivatives cannot net used. A Java based API was implemented, including only derivative-free optimizationmethods, to solve both constrained and unconstrained problems, which includes Penalty and Barriers methods. In this work a new penalty function, based on Fuzzy Logic, is presented. This function imposes a progressive penalization to solutions that violate the constraints. This means that the function imposes a low penalization when the violation of the constraints is low and a heavy penalisation when the violation is high. The value of the penalization is not known in beforehand, it is the outcome of a fuzzy inference engine. Numerical results comparing the proposed function with two of the classic penalty/barrier functions are presented. Regarding the presented results one can conclude that the prosed penalty function besides being very robust also exhibits a very good performance.

Relatório de estágio em reabilitação neurológica: intervenção da fisioterapia em crianças com necessidades especiais

Mestrado em Fisioterapia

Intervenção da fisioterapia na esclerose múltipla: uma revisão da literatura

Mestrado em Fisioterapia

Physiotherapy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive disease first described by Meryon in 1852 and later by Guillaume Duchene. It is the most common and severe form of childhood muscular dystrophy, affecting 1 in 3500 live male births. Is caused by an X—linked recessive genetic disorder resulting in a deficiency of the dystrophin protein, responsible for linking contractile proteins to the sarcolemma. Diagnosis is not always easy and the first symptoms are often related to weakness and difficulty or delay in acquiring the ability to perform simple activities. Progressive weakness leads to the use of compensatory strategies in order to maintain the ability to walk and perform other activities. Respiratory muscles are also affected and the complications resulting from its impairments are frequently the cause of early death of these patients. The advances in DMD management has increased life expectancy of these children with the need for adequate care in adulthood. DMD manifestations include muscle weakness, contractures, respiratory and cardiac complications. Some authors also refer that one-third of patients have difficulties with learning and delayed global development because the gene that encodes dystrophyn expresses various dystrophin isoforms that are found in Schwann and Purkinje celis in the brain. Body functions and structure impairments like muscle weakness, contractures and reduced range of motion lead to limitations in activities, i.e., impairments affect the performance of tasks by the individual. In a physiotherapist’s point of view analysing these limitations is mandatory because physiotherapy’s final purpose is to restore or preserve the ability to perform ADL and to improve quality of life.

Estudo da influência da carga específica na fragmentação de rocha granítica no desmonte em bancada

Mestrado em Engenharia Geotécnica e Geoambiente

The influence of the boundary conditions on low-velocity impact composite damage

The objective of this work was to study the influence of the boundary conditions on low-velocity impact behaviour of carbon-epoxy composite plates. Experimental work and numerical analysis were performed on [04,904]s laminates. The influence of different boundary conditions on the impacted plates was analysed considering rectangular and square plates. The X-radiography was used as a non-destructive technique to evaluate the internal damage caused by impact loading. A three-dimensional numerical analysis was also performed considering progressive damage modelling. The model includes three-dimensional solid elements and interface finite elements including a cohesive mixed-mode damage model, which allows simulating delamination between different oriented layers. It was verified that plate’s boundary conditions have influence on the delaminated area. Good agreement between experimental and numerical analysis for shape, orientation and size of the delamination was obtained.

Palácio Nacional de Sintra: o restauro de 1996

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na Área de especialização de Edificações

Desocultando questões de género pelo/no teatro

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino no 1º e no 2º Ciclos do Ensino Básico

Análise da capacidade vital e da máxima capacidade de insuflação: relação com a função bulbar nos doentes com Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica

Introdução: A Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) é considerada uma das doenças neuromusculares (DNM) com características mais limitantes e fatais, sendo caracterizada por fraqueza muscular progressiva. Objectivo: Analisar a evolução da Capacidade Vital e da Máxima Capacidade Inspiratória em doentes com ELA e a sua relação causal com a função bulbar. Procedimentos: A partir de uma população alvo de 203 pacientes com ELA, foram incluídos no estudo aqueles que tinham entre 2 a 4 testes de função respiratória considerados válidos (CV <2000ml) perfazendo um total de 22 indivíduos. As medidas CV e MCI foram analisadas. Resultados: A CV diminuiu ao longo do tempo (media±desvio padrão no 1ºmomento de avaliação =1779,5±692,3; media±desvio padrão no 4ºmomento de avaliação =1108,6±475,7). O comportamento da MCI foi mais estável ao longo dos 4 momentos de avaliação. Avaliou-se a correlação entre as duas variáveis, destacando-se a relação existente entre as duas nos doentes bulbares (coeficiente = 1). Quando avaliada a diferença entre a CV e a MCI, verificamos que o nível de significância no grupo (n=22) aumentou ao longo do tempo. Ao comparamos esta diferença por subgrupos, registou-se uma diferença significativa apenas nos doentes bulbares (1ºmomento – p=0,008 e último momento de avaliação – p 0). Conclusão: Nos doentes com disfunção bulbar a CV diminui ao longo do tempo. A relação entre MCI e CV é um bom factor preditivo da evolução e prognóstico da doença e de diagnóstico do envolvimento da musculatura bulbar.

Plantas do Neogénico e paleoclimas. Evidências em Portugal

Ciências Geológicas: Ensino e Investigação. Vol. I: 357-363

A importância crescente da auditoria interna na monitorização dos riscos nas empresas de transportes rodoviários de passageiros urbanos em Portugal continental

Mestrado em Contabilidade e Análise Financeira

Histopathology of cutaneous and mucosal lesions in human paracoccidioidomycosis

Biopsies from cutaneous and mucosal lesions from 40 patients with active paracoccidioidomycosis, were studied histopathologically. All cases exhibited chronic granulomatous inflammation and 38 also presented suppuration; this picture corresponded to the mixed mycotic granuloma (MMG). Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and the transepidermic (or epithelial) elimination of the parasite, were observed in all cases. In paracoccidioidomycosis elimination takes place through formation of progressive edema, accompained by exocytosis. The edema gives rise to spongiosis, microvesicles and microabscesses which not only contain the fungus but also, various cellular elements. Cells in charge of the phagocytic process were essentialy Langhans giant cells; PMN's, epithelioid and foreign body giant cells were poor phagocytes. An additional finding was the presence of fibrosis in most biopsies.

Immunoglobulins and C3 in the P. brasiliensis granuloma

The experimental model of paracoccidioidomycosis induced in mice by the intravenous injection of yeast-forms of P. brasiliensis (Bt2 strain; 1 x 10(6) viable fungi/animal) was used to evaluate sequentially 2, 4, 8, 16 and 20 weeks after inoculation: 1. The presence of immunoglobulins and C3 in the pulmonary granuloma-ta, by direct immunofluorescence; 2. The humoral (immunodiffusion test) and the cellular (footpad sweeling test) immune response; 3. The histopathology of lesions. The cell-immune response was positive since week 2, showing a transitory depression at week 16. Specific antibodies were first detected at week 4 and peaked at week 16. At histology, epithelioid granulomas with numerous fungi and polymorphonuclear agreggates were seen. The lungs showed progressive involvement up to week 16, with little decrease at week 20. From week 2 on, there were deposits of IgG and C3 around fungal walls within the granulomas and IgG stained cells among the mononuclear cell peripheral halo. Interstitital immunoglobulins and C3 deposits in the granulomas were not letected. IgG and C3 seen to play an early an important role in. the host defenses against P. brasiliensis by possibly cooperating in the killing of parasites and blocking the antigenic diffusion.

Integração num plano municipal de segurança rodoviária: Cidade da Amadora: Freguesia da Venteira

Trabalho de Projeto para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia na Área de Especialização em Vias de Comunicação e Transportes