924 resultados para Carp Cyprinus-carpio


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Dentro del conjunto de comedias dedicadas a la historia de Hungría, Lope de Vega cuenta con tres comedias con numerosas similitudes: El príncipe melancólico, El cuerdo loco y La sortija del olvido. Este trabajo examina las relaciones de intertextualidad y reescritura en las tres obras, así como algunos aspectos del desarrollo de la comedia palatina lopesca.

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En el presente trabajo se analiza la manera en la que el dramaturgo valenciano Andrés Rey de Artieda diseñó los diferentes espacios dramáticos por los que transcurre la acción de su única pieza teatral conocida: Los amantes. Compuesta poco después de 1577, se trata de una obra deudora de los parámetros dramatúrgicos de su tiempo, pues el componente literario del texto dramático predomina claramente sobre el espectacular. Estamos ante un tipo de teatro fundamentado en la palabra y muy poco en lo visual.Sin embargo, ya se perciben en el texto ciertos rasgos de innegable modernidad, que es el asunto que me ha interesado a la hora de acercarme a él. Mi objetivo será demostrar el dinamismo con el que se producen los cambios de espacio dramático a lo largo de la trama argumental para subrayar que Rey de Artieda tenía ya asumidas algunas de las innovaciones que desembocarán en el teatro nacional español unas décadas más tarde.

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The Wapsipinicon River, affectionately known as the “Wapsi,” flows nearly 300 miles through northeastern Iowa to the Mississippi. Strung throughout its drainage basin is a series of dams that are highly valued by their communities as places of recreation and scenic beauty. The Wapsipinicon has long had a reputation as a fishing stream, known for catfish, northern pike, carp, sunfish, walleye, and smallmouth bass. It is not uncommon to find anglers of all ages gathered at one of the Wapsipinicon’s dams to enjoy a day of fishing and possibly take home a prize catch. As time passes, however, a dam may outlive its original function, impede fish passage, and pose a safety hazard. But the idea of demolishing an outdated dam often rallies the community in an attempt to preserve the landmark.

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El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivo determinar la factibilidad económica de la idea de negocio planteada poniendo en práctica los conocimientos adquiridos durante la maestría. La importancia de esta investigación radica en la necesidad detectada en el desarrollo de proyectos de viviendas multifamiliares que son ejecutados por las promotoras inmobiliarias en el país, donde no existe, en la mayoría de casos, una gestión adecuada del plano social organizativo de los futuros habitantes, lo que genera problemas entre la inmobiliaria y sus clientes finales y puede afectar la sostenibilidad del complejo de viviendas. El negocio se basa en la creación de una empresa consultora dedicada a la asesoría en programas de acompañamiento social inmobiliario y tiene un enfoque hacia la mejora de calidad de vida de las personas.

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Trata de describir las características clínicas del síndrome de Lennox- Gastaut en los niños del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso y ADINEA (Asociación para el Desarrollo Integral del Niño Excepcional del Azuay) de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador; y determinar la relación existente entre la frecuencia de crisis epilépticas de un niño con diagnóstico de síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut y su grado de retardo mental. Son diagnosticados treinta pacientes de los cuáles 17 fueron del sexo masculino 56,7y 13 pacientes sexo femenino 43,3. La mayoría inician sus crisis antes del año de edad, se relacionan con un mayor retardo mental y a su vez con mayor frecuencia de crisis. La etiología más frecuente es la hipoxis al nacimiento, que está relacionada con la precaria atención de salud del país, en la mayoría de los casos no es posible determinar su etiología, pero existe una importante predisposición familiar. Indican que se debería ampliar los métodos de diagnóstico a fin de precisar mejor la etiología

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Introducción: la violencia contra la infancia jamás es justificable y puede prevenirse actuando sobre los desencadenantes de comportamientos violentos. Conocer su magnitud y características posibilita emprender cambios que contribuyan a reducir su frecuencia y gravedad. Métodos: se analiza la mortalidad y los ingresos hospitalarios por violencia en menores de 15 años en el periodo 2007-2011 en la Comunitat Valenciana. Resultados: se contabilizaron 12 defunciones y 156 ingresos. Murieron tres veces más niños que niñas. Los fallecimientos fueron más frecuentes en los menores de un año, seguido del grupo de 10-14 años. Los seis casos de suicidio ocurrieron en el grupo de 10-14 años y los métodos utilizados fueron: ahorcamiento, estrangulamiento o sofocación y saltar desde lugar elevado. Los homicidios fueron el doble en niños y niñas de 0-9 años. Ingresaron por violencia dos veces más las niñas, siete veces más en el grupo de 10-14 años, tres veces más los extranjeros, dos veces más los residentes en medio rural y dos veces más si tenían riesgo de exclusión social, siendo estas diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los ingresos por violencia autoinfligida fueron el doble (intento de suicidio) que por agresiones. Conclusiones: el número de casos es de gran importancia epidemiológica y de salud pública. En la violencia contra la infancia se manifiestan los ejes de desigualdad en salud y la necesidad de mejorar la declaración y la coordinación de todos los ámbitos de la atención a los menores. Es relevante relacionar las distintas fuentes de información, devolverla a los profesionales y formarlos.

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Con el objetivo de determimar los factores de riesgode la primera crisis epiléptica en menores de 16 años, se realiza el estudio de caso-control, a un universo de niños de 0-16 años, atendidos en el hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso entre octubre 2000 a septiembre de 2001, con primera crisis epiléptica. Controles, por cada 2 niños de igual edad y sexo sin crisis y sin patología neurológica. Recolección de la información: mediante un formulario con información proporcionada por el niño, acompañantes y la que consta en la historia clíonica. La categorización de las crisis se realizó de acuerdo a la recomendación de la Comisión sobre Clasificación y Terminología de la Liga Internacional contra la Epilepsia. Resultados: se encuentra 143 casos. Varones 59.4, mujeres 40.6. Menores de 5 años 81. Con crisis generalizadas 65, de origen sintomático agudo (78.3). Las principales causas fueron: fiebre, infecciones del sistema nervioso central, hipoxia, trauma encefalocraneano, trastornos metabólicos y tóxicos. Los factores de riesgo (estadísticamente significativos, p menor que 0.05) son: asfixia perinatal, parto atendido por empírico, recién nacido pequeño para la edad gestacional, malformación congénira, anormalidad de actividades diarias y desarrollo psicomotor, desnutrición, espasmo del sollozo, antecedentes personales de crisis febriles, antecedentes familiares de crisis afebril única, antecedentes de epilepsia en familiares que no pertenecen al primer grado de consanguinidad. Conclusiones. La primera crisis epiléptica fue más frecuente en varones, menores de 5 años, con crisis generalizadas , de origen sintomático agudo y los factores de riesgo estuvieron relacionados a aspectos pre-perinatales, anormalidad de la actividad diaria y del desarrollo psicomotor, desnutrición, episodios paroxísticos personales y antecedentes convulsivos familiares

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The fish meat has a particular chemical composition which gives its high nutritional value. However, this food is identified for being highly perishable and this aspect is often named as a barrier to fish consumption. The southwestern Paraná region, parallel to the country's reality, it is characterized by low fish consumption; and one of the strategies aimed at increasing the consumption of this important protein source is encouraging the production of other species besides tilapia. Within this context, it is necessary to know about the meat characteristics. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the technological potential of pacu, grass carp and catfish species. To do so, at first, it was discussed the chemical and biometric assessment under two distinct descriptive statistical methods, of the three species; and it was also evaluated the discriminating capacity of the study. In a second moment, an evaluation of effects done by two different processes of washing (acid and alkaline) regarding the removal of nitrogen compounds, pigments and the emulsifying ability of the proteins contained in the protein base obtained. Finally, in the third phase, it was aimed to realize the methodology optimization in GC-MS for the analysis geosmin and MIB (2-metilisoborneol) compounds that are responsible for taste/smell of soil and mold in freshwater fish. The results showed a high protein and low lipid content for the three species. The comparison between means and medians revealed symmetry only for protein values and biometric measurements. Lipids, when evaluated only by the means, overestimate the levels for all species. Correlations between body measurements and fillet yield had low correlation, regardless of the species analyzed, and the best prediction equation relates the total weight and fillet weight. The biometric variables were the best discriminating among the species. The evaluation of the washings, it was found that the acidic and basic processes were equally (p ≥ 0.05) efficient (p ≤ 0.05) for the removal of nitrogen compounds on the fish pulps. Regarding the extraction of pigments, a removal efficiency was recorded only for the pacu species, the data were assessed by the parameters L *, a *, b *. When evaluated by the total color difference (ΔE) before and after washing for both processes (acid/alkaline) the ΔE proved feasible perceived by naked eye for all species. The catfish was characterized as the fish that presents the clearest meat with the basic washing considered the most effective in removing pigments for this species. Protein bases obtained by alkaline washes have higher emulsifying capacity (p ≤ 0.05) when compared to unwashed and washed in acid process pulps. The methodology applied for the quantification of MIB and geosmin, allowed to establish that the method of extraction and purification of analytes had low recovery and future studies should be developed for identification and quantification of MIB and geosmin on fish samples.

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Lake Ovan with about 9 hectares is regarded a semi-shallow lake with an average depth 5.2 meter. It is situated in Ghazvin Province, with a 1910 m high in mountainous regime. A monthly sampling was done at 3 stations studying the physicochemical and biological parameters in water and sediment at the Lake for a year. The temperature annual was measured 12.3°C and other parameters are pH as 8.8, oxygen 10, with total mean phosphate and nitrate as 0.14 & 0.8 mg/lit respectively. The chl.a mean was also measured 1.94 mg/lit. The ratio of N to P was calculated as 1:59, indicating a limiting factor for growth. Considering the trophic statues of the lake taking into account as above parameters, it is a mesotrophic lake with medium trophy. Altogether, 53 phytoplankton species were identified mostly diatoms, green algae and cyanobacteria. Although, 14 zooplankton species were identified with daphnia dominating the group. Macrobenthoses were also surveyed and 11 families were identified comprising mainly by Annelids, Gastropod, Bivalves and Insect Larvae. Other organisms were 2 dominate water plant including Phragmites australis covering at the edge of the lake and potamogeton sp in the inner parts, and also 2 fish species, common carp and Pike Perch. The diversity Shannon—Wiener index was calculated for main taxa groups with all figures lower than 3. Regarding the fish potential production of the lake based on Bramic & Lemke and morphoedophic index, it was calculated to be 20.4 kg/ha fish and a total of about 150 kg for the entire lake.

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In the primary studying, known leeches have included into free living and parasitic which the parasitic group, besides of direct impacts like: growth detraction, anemia, making wound in the connecting part with the skin, with making plat for secondary bacterial and molding infections in the toll place, is able to cause to transfer blood flagellate and virus to the fish too. Therefore, by accusing information related to fauna leeches of each area a risk factor from the viewpoint of the possibility of being or accusing transferred diseases by these leeches, one can predict and forehand about them. Freshwater leeches of Iran to present accurate recognition (morphological, molecular) have not been, and there are some limited reports from different parts of the country about them. One of the areas that its leeches have not been identified yet is Kurdistan, By having five latrines and big permanent rivers and 32000 springs and a lot of deep and semi-deep wells and this province is a convenient bed for growing aquatics in the country. Therefore, identifying risk factors for development of aquaculture on water resources is one important factor to access achieving development goals. For recognizing leeches of this province, some samples from 10 stands were token. Samples from under stones, sticking to the fish, turtles, plants and solid substances in the water were separated and after recording their physical characteristics, calming with 10% ethylic alcohol with 10% formalin become fixed and after painting with Carmen acetic acid by standard keys for 7 species of Helobdella stagnalis, Placobdella costata, Hemiclepsis marginata, Erpobdella octoculata, Hirudo medicinalis, Dina lineate lineata have been identified and described. Which Helobdella stagnalis has the highest distribution in the province and the minimum one is Hirudo medicinalis. However, that the data obtained in leeches in Kurdistan is a relatively complete collection in this research, recognizing fauna of these areas needs more studying. The Placobdella costata and Hemiclepsis marginata sticking to the fish were separated among identified species which showed that these are parasites for the fish. The sticking area of those leeches to the skin was accompanied with scales cast, damage to mucous membranes beneath the parasite and bleeding Was associated with Histopathology studying effect includes observing break and disconnection in the leech connecting place to the epithelial layer of epidermis in the skin, destroyed nucleus in skin Epithelial cells with observing necrosis in ulcerative place become of the leech and the sub acute inflammated penetration until acute necrosis with opening in Dermis layer is observable. Kidney of this fish have changes such as: proliferation, like proliferative kidney disease with increasing proliferative glomerular cells and increasing in membranous cells in Capillary corpuscle, observing necrotic cells in haematopoietic tissue of kidney along with increasing in infiltration of leukocyte's cells generally mono nucluars such as lymphocytes and less poly morpho nucluars such as neutrophiles that are symptoms of disorders causing anemia become of nourishing and sucking blood by the leech and creating a chronic kidney infection that originally root is in another place like the skin. Also Hemorrhagic anemia causes losing RBC's is because of using the host blood by the leech. (In this situation, one can see immature RBC red cells in Peripheral blood. To identify potential carriers of the leech to the viruses, after finding them in recorded stands and putting them in 75% ethanol for viruses cause IPN, VHS, IHN, they were tested by PCR that the conclusion of these experiments approved IPN virus in Hemiclepsis marginata and Hirudo medicinalis. This kind of leeches can act like a mechanical carrier and causing spreading the agent of this disease. It is worth mentioning that studying the pathogenicity of this virus for aquaculture sources, mentioned before needs more research. During the study of infected fish with leeches that was done after preparing bloody slides and staining them, no case blood parasites was observed. During a research about infecting fish experimentally to known leeches it become clear that 5 days after being in aquarium including leeches, samples of sticking Hirudo medicinalis leech to the golden carp with scales cast were observed. Including leeches to the fish started with molting the scales in the sticking area in the fish and fish become too uneasy and by rubbing themselves to the malls and things inside the aquarium, tried to separate them. Finally, after around 30 hours, leeches penetrate the skin, feeding from blood and tissue liquids and cause mortality the fish and then they become separated from them. If the corpse of these fish stayed in the aquarium, the Helobdella stagnalis and Erpobdella octoculata would start feeding them.

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Motile Aeromonas are the most common bacteria of freshwater in the world that cause disease in fish and other cold-blooded and warm-blooded hosts. Among this group of bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila is important in causing complications such as fin rot, skin ulcers and lethal hemorrhagic septicemia in fish. Several virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of Aeromonas hydrophila, including extracellular enzymes (protease, lipase, elastase, gelatinase and nuclease) and toxins. From the exotoxins, hemolysin, aerolysin and cytolytic enterotoxin play an important role in pathogenesis. Detection of virulence markers by PCR as a key component of determining the pathogenesis of the bacteria and using indigenous vaccines for better immunization against this disease is important. In this study, a total of 200 fanned carps (126 common carp. 39 silver carp and 35 of grass carp) with symptoms suspected aeromonas septicemia were isolated from Khouzestan province farms. 125 bacteria belong to Aeromonas genus detected by biochemical and PCR methods. 31 of all isolates recognized as Aeromonas hydrophila with biochemical methods, I6srRNA detection and Lipase genes. Results showed that the role of Aeromonas sp. and Aeromonas hydrophila in fish with disease symptoms were 62.5% and 15.5% respectively. By using specific primers, three virulence genes including hemolysin, aerolysine and cytolytic enterotoxin were detected in these confirmed isolates, that 18 isolates (58/06%) hemolysin positive (hlyA +), 16 isolates (51/61%) aerolysine positive (aerA+) and 23 isolates (74/19%) for cytolytic enterotoxin gene (act+) were positive. The result of present study showed that most of the confirmed isolates genotype was hlyA+ act- with frequency equal to 51/61%. For investigating the protection effect of acut strain of bacteria, UV inactivated bacterin was used.

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Biofilms are multicellular bacterial structures that adhere to surfaces and often endow the bacterial population with tolerance to antibiotics and other environmental insults. Biofilms frequently colonize the tubing of medical devices through mechanisms that are poorly understood. Here we studied the helicoidal spread of Pseudomonas putida biofilms through cylindrical conduits of varied diameters in slow laminar flow regimes. Numerical simulations of such flows reveal vortical motion at stenoses and junctions, which enhances bacterial adhesion and fosters formation of filamentous structures. Formation of long, downstream-flowing bacterial threads that stem from narrowings and connections was detected experimentally, as predicted by our model. Accumulation of bacterial biomass makes the resulting filaments undergo a helical instability. These incipient helices then coarsened until constrained by the tubing walls, and spread along the whole tube length without obstructing the flow. A three-dimensional discrete filament model supports this coarsening mechanism and yields simulations of helix dynamics in accordance with our experimental observations. These findings describe an unanticipated mechanism for bacterial spreading in tubing networks which might be involved in some hospital-acquired infections and bacterial contamination of catheters.

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En la actualidad las empresas exitosas son las que superar los obstáculos del mercado y logran comercializar sus productos y servicio de manera efectiva no solo en el mercado local sino en el extraordinario mundo del comercio internacional. Esta fue la principal razón por la que, como equipo de trabajo decidimos realizar nuestro trabajo de graduación para optar al título de Licenciados Mercadeo Internacional de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad de El Salvador, en un caso ilustrativo, la microempresa Cuscatlán Manufacturing SA de CV para quien se diseñó un plan de exportación de mermeladas hacia el mercado de Guatemala. El desarrollo del trabajo se divide en tres capítulos consecutivos, en el primer capítulo se estableció el marco de referencia dentro del que se enmarcaría el diseño del plan de exportación, ese marco de referencia está dividido a su vez en un marco meramente teórico donde se establecen las teorías que son el fundamento del plan, también un marco histórico donde se contextualiza la realidad de la industria exportadora del El Salvador y el respectivo marco legal del comercio Internacional vigente. Para el capítulo dos e realizo un diagnóstico del caso ilustrativo, a través de un análisis interno y externo de la realidad de la empresa se diagnosticó la situación problemática por la que está pasando, para tal fin de aplico un análisis FODA y el análisis de las 5 fuerzas de Michael Portter, además se realizó una investigación de campo en Ciudad de Guatemala entre el 10 y 15 de Octubre del 2015, donde a través de un instrumento para el caso un cuestionario se recolecto información del mercado de mermeladas en el país vecino la cual fue ordenada y analizada para la determinación de conclusiones y recomendaciones. Recomendaciones de las cuales se basa el diseño del plan de exportación, que está construido en seis etapas consecutivas la primera de estas etapas es el diagnóstico del caso ilustrativo de donde se determinó la capacidad real de exportación y la cuota de mercado obtenible para luego pasar a seleccionar el portafolio de productos con el que se entraría a competir al mercado guatemalteco además del segmento de mercado al que se dirigía los productos. En la tercera etapa se seleccionó la estrategia de entrada al mercado a través de la aplicación de una criba de mercado que es un método para analizar el atractivo del mercado y la fortaleza competitiva de la empresa para categorizar al mercado Guatemalteco en una de tres categorías A,B o C. Para Cuscatlan Manufacturing el mercado de Guatemala es un Mercado B, es decir un mercado con riesgo medio pero con buenas perspectivas de crecimiento al cual se sugiere entrar a través de una empresa local para minimizar los riesgos, por ello se contactó con la empresa UNISUPER que se dedica a la importación y colocación de productos en la cadena de supermercados la Torre.. En una cuarta etapa se diseñó la mezcla de mercadeo que se utilizara para la comercialización de las mermeladas inicialmente en Ciudad de Guatemala, que concentra gran parte de la actividad económica del país, posteriormente en la quinta etapa se diseñó la estrategia de comunicación a través de la que se dará a conocer el producto y se persuadirá al consumidor, en la última etapa se realiza un análisis financiero de costo beneficio del plan para la empresa, donde se estableció que el costo del plan será de US$ 5,486.51 para los primeros 6 meses con una VAN de 22,259 y una TIR de 40% y una utilidad bruta del 33%.