A resource for signs and Feynman diagrams of the standart model

When performing a full calculation within the standard model (SM) or its extensions, it is crucial that one utilizes a consistent set of signs for the gauge couplings and gauge fields. Unfortunately, the literature is plagued with differing signs and notations. We present all SM Feynman rules, including ghosts, in a convention-independent notation, and we table the conventions in close to 40 books and reviews.

Theory and phenomenology of two-higgs-doublet models

We discuss theoretical and phenomenological aspects of two-Higgs-doublet extensions of the Standard Model. In general, these extensions have scalar mediated flavour changing neutral currents which are strongly constrained by experiment. Various strategies are discussed to control these flavour changing scalar currents and their phenomenological consequences are analysed. In particular, scenarios with natural flavour conservation are investigated, including the so-called type I and type II models as well as lepton-specific and inert models. Type III models are then discussed, where scalar flavour changing neutral currents are present at tree level, but are suppressed by either a specific ansatz for the Yukawa couplings or by the introduction of family symmetries leading to a natural suppression mechanism. We also consider the phenomenology of charged scalars in these models. Next we turn to the role of symmetries in the scalar sector. We discuss the six symmetry-constrained scalar potentials and their extension into the fermion sector. The vacuum structure of the scalar potential is analysed, including a study of the vacuum stability conditions on the potential and the renormalization-group improvement of these conditions is also presented. The stability of the tree level minimum of the scalar potential in connection with electric charge conservation and its behaviour under CP is analysed. The question of CP violation is addressed in detail, including the cases of explicit CP violation and spontaneous CP violation. We present a detailed study of weak basis invariants which are odd under CP. These invariants allow for the possibility of studying the CP properties of any two-Higgs-doublet model in an arbitrary Higgs basis. A careful study of spontaneous CP violation is presented, including an analysis of the conditions which have to be satisfied in order for a vacuum to violate CP. We present minimal models of CP violation where the vacuum phase is sufficient to generate a complex CKM matrix, which is at present a requirement for any realistic model of spontaneous CP violation.

Insuflação e extracção de ar em parques de estacionamento subterrâneo

Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Transferência de massa através de arrastamento por ar: resultados de simulação laboratorial e numérica

O tolueno tem uma vasta aplicação industrial e apresenta alguns riscos para a saúde humana. Legislação comunitária, recentemente publicada, exige que se cumpra a médio prazo padrões mínimos de qualidade apontando como limite máximo de concentração de tolueno na água destinada a consumo humano o valor de 1 ppm. O processo de arrastamento por ar em colunas com enchimento desordenado é uma das técnicas de remoção disponíveis, embora ainda pouco implementada no nosso país. Neste trabalho simulou-se, laboratorial e numericamente, a remoção do tolueno da água através desta tecnologia sob condições operatórias pré-estabelecidas. A simulação à escala laboratorial foi executada numa instalação piloto constituída por uma coluna de vidro acrílico com 0.137metros de diâmetro interno preenchida desordenadamente com anéis Raflux de polietileno com 15milímetros de calibre numa altura de 1.10 metros. A experimentação efectuada abrangeu ensaios realizados quer em regime permanente quer em regime transitório. As simulações numéricas do comportamento de uma coluna com idênticas características, em estado estacionário e em estado transiente, foram efectuadas com “software” específico concebido para MatLab. Este software permite a descrição do regime hidrodinâmico e da transferência de massa deste processo de acordo com os modelos de Robbins [Robbins, 1991] e Onda [Onda, 1968], respectivamente, inseridos num modelo global fenomenológico traduzido num sistema de equações às derivadas parciais de 1ª ordem, do tipo hiperbólico, com uma variável espacial axial e uma variável temporal. A resolução deste modelo é efectuada através de algoritmos e estratégias específicas nomeadamente a implementação numérica dos métodos explícito de Euler para resolução do sistema de ED0s que traduz o estado estacionário primitivo e de diferenças finitas com esquema explícito associado a manipulação de matrizes esparsas para resolução do sistema de EDPs que traduz o estado dinâmico. A concordância entre os resultados obtidos na teoria e na prática, pese embora as dificuldades encontradas no controlo analítico das amostras, permite concluir que o modelo proposto possui um rigor fenomenológico suficiente e que o modelo numérico associado possibilita um elevado grau de exactidão e de fiabilidade. A aplicação desenvolvida pode constituir uma importante ferramenta de apoio à análise dinâmica desta operação unitária à escala industrial, reduzindo o esforço experimental e os respectivos custos associados. Constitui igualmente a base para uma implementação de um potencial sistema de controlo por actuação antecipada com base num modelo que reveste a forma de um sistema de parâmetros distribuídos.

Thermodynamic and kinetic modelling of the redox properties of tetrahaem cytochromes C3

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Bioquímica,especialidade Bioquímica-Física, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Cincias e Tecnologia

Exciting dynamical behavior in a network of two coupled rings of Chen oscillators

We study exotic patterns appearing in a network of coupled Chen oscillators. Namely, we consider a network of two rings coupled through a “buffer” cell, with Z3×Z5 symmetry group. Numerical simulations of the network reveal steady states, rotating waves in one ring and quasiperiodic behavior in the other, and chaotic states in the two rings, to name a few. The different patterns seem to arise through a sequence of Hopf bifurcations, period-doubling, and halving-period bifurcations. The network architecture seems to explain certain observed features, such as equilibria and the rotating waves, whereas the properties of the chaotic oscillator may explain others, such as the quasiperiodic and chaotic states. We use XPPAUT and MATLAB to compute numerically the relevant states.

New textures for the lepton mass matrices

We study predictive textures for the lepton mass matrices in which the charged-lepton mass matrix has either four or five zero matrix elements while the neutrino Majorana mass matrix has, respectively, either four or three zero matrix elements. We find that all the viable textures of these two kinds share many predictions: the neutrino mass spectrum is inverted, the sum of the light-neutrino masses is close to 0.1 eV, the Dirac phase delta in the lepton mixing matrix is close to either 0 or pi, and the mass term responsible for neutrinoless double-beta decay lies in between 12 and 22 meV. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.

Confronting predictive texture zeros in lepton mass matrices with current data

Several popular Ansatze of lepton mass matrices that contain texture zeros are confronted with current neutrino observational data. We perform a systematic chi(2) analysis in a wide class of schemes, considering arbitrary Hermitian charged-lepton mass matrices and symmetric mass matrices for Majorana neutrinos or Hermitian mass matrices for Dirac neutrinos. Our study reveals that several patterns are still consistent with all the observations at the 68.27% confidence level, while some others are disfavored or excluded by the experimental data. The well-known Frampton-Glashow-Marfatia two-zero textures, hybrid textures, and parallel structures (among others) are considered.

Minimização do ruído em imagens de mamografia por emissão de positrões através da optimização do tempo de aquisição e do tamanho de voxel

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica

Two-loop stability of a complex singlet extended Standard Model

Motivated by the dark matter and the baryon asymmetry problems, we analyze a complex singlet extension of the Standard Model with a Z(2) symmetry (which provides a dark matter candidate). After a detailed two-loop calculation of the renormalization group equations for the new scalar sector, we study the radiative stability of the model up to a high energy scale (with the constraint that the 126 GeV Higgs boson found at the LHC is in the spectrum) and find it requires the existence of a new scalar state mixing with the Higgs with a mass larger than 140 GeV. This bound is not very sensitive to the cutoff scale as long as the latter is larger than 10(10) GeV. We then include all experimental and observational constraints/measurements from collider data, from dark matter direct detection experiments, and from the Planck satellite and in addition force stability at least up to the grand unified theory scale, to find that the lower bound is raised to about 170 GeV, while the dark matter particle must be heavier than about 50 GeV.

Preserving the validity of the two-Higgs-doublet model up to the Planck scale

We examine the constraints on the two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) due to the stability of the scalar potential and absence of Landau poles at energy scales below the Planck scale. We employ the most general 2HDM that incorporates an approximately Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson with a flavor aligned Yukawa sector to eliminate potential tree-level Higgs-mediated flavor changing neutral currents. Using basis independent techniques, we exhibit robust regimes of the 2HDM parameter space with a 125 GeV SM-like Higgs boson that is stable and perturbative up to the Planck scale. Implications for the heavy scalar spectrum are exhibited.

NMR studies of tetrahaem cytochomes from D. desulfuricans and S. frigidimarina

Dissertation Presented to obtain the Ph.D. in Biochemistry

Hox genes control the specification of global vertebral domains

Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do grau de doutor em Biologia pelo Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica da Universidade Nova de Lisboa

Análise experimental de um murete de alvenaria de pedra tradicional de grandes dimensões

Dissertação para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Civil - Perfil de Construção

Concepção de um aparelho de medição 3D da coluna vertebral: Desenvolvimento de um software de detecção de apófises espinhosas e cálculo da distância ântero-posterior

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica