Efeitos do treinamento isocinético e isométrico sobre a taxa de desenvolvimento de força máxima

The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of a high speed isokinetic training (180°.s-1) and an isometric training (75°) on the maximum rate of force development (RFDmax) measured in the isokinetic and isometric modes. Twenty seven male non active subjects participated of this study (Mean + SD = body mass 78.6 + 14.1 kg; stature 175.1 + 8.9 cm; age 22.6 + 3.8 years). They were randomly divided into three groups: Control (GC); Isokinetic training (GISOC) and; Isometric training (GISOM). The subjects were submitted in different days to the following pre training protocols: 1) Familiarization to the isokinetic dynamometer tests; 2) Five maximum concentric isokinetic contractions of the knee extensors (180°.s-1) to access the maximum concentric torque (TMC) and the concentric RFDmax; 3) Two maximum isometric contractions of the knee extensors (75°) to access the maximum isometric torque (TMI) and the isometric RFDmax. The same tests were repeated after the training period, but without the familiarization session. Eighteen training sessions were performed (3 times per week). The GISOC performed the entire training whit concentric isokinetic contractions whit the speed of 180°.s-1. The GISOM performed the entire training whit isometric contractions whit the angle between the thigh end the leg being 75° (0° = full knee extension). TMI, TMC, concentric RFDmax, isometric RFDmax values of the GC was not different between pre and post training. GISOM increased only the TMI and the GSIOC increased the TMC, concentric RFDmax and isometric RFDmax. Furthermore, the GISOC had a higher percentage increase of the isometric RFDmax than the isokinetic RFDmax. Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that the increase in maximum strength corresponded to the training specificity theory, unlike to the RFDmax. Thus the use of isometric contraction ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Biotratamento de sacolas plásticas de supermercado

Supermarket plastic bags are produced by high density polyethylene (HDPE) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) resins. In Brazil, are produced annually around 150 plastic bags per capita. Disposed in landfills, the supermarket plastic bags prevent the passage of water by slowing the breakdown of biodegradable materials and hindering compaction of waste, according to their low degradability. This work investigated the biodegradation of PE bags containing additive oxo-biodegradable and bags without additives: buried in soil columns, exposed in a controlled environment and exposed to air. The analysis methods used to assess the changes brought in the bags with respect to microbial action and exposure time were weight loss, thickness measurement, infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle. The results showed that the use of prodegradant agents such as oxobiodegradable additives in polyethylene bags, buried in soil for 270 days, was not efficient to accelerate the biodegradation by microorganisms. It seems that these additives have been more efficient to degrade the colored pigmentation of printed bags, under the influence of light and heat.

Estudos de foto termo e biodegradação de blendas de PEBD/PHB em colunas de solo

A grande quantidade de resíduos plásticos sintéticos descartada diariamente no meio ambiente tem preocupado governantes do mundo todo. No sentido de minimizar este problema várias soluções estão sendo propostas. Uma delas é a busca de materiais potencialmente biodegradáveis no solo. Neste trabalho desenvolveu-se blendas de poli(3-hidroxibutirato) PHB, um polímero biodegradável, com polietileno de baixa densidade PEBD, um polímero convencional e avaliou-se os efeitos do termotratamento em estufa e do fototratamento em câmara de envelhecimento acelerado sobre a biodegradação destes filmes em coluna de solo. As blendas de PEBD/PHB foram preparadas em composições de 90/10, 80/20 e 70/30, utilizando prensa sob aquecimento e os filmes foram analisados por Espectroscopia de Absorção no Infravermelho (FTIR), Microscopia de Luz Polarizada (MLP), perda de massa e ângulo de contato.

Propriedades estruturais de géis de sílica preparados com adições de dodecil sulfato de sódio

This work aims to study the structural characteristics of silica gels obtained from the acid hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in water solutions with different concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The structural characteristics were studied in stages ranging from the wet gel to the dry stages of the gels (aerogels and xerogels). Aerogels were obtained by ambient pressure drying (APD) after silylation process using trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS) as silylating agent. Xerogels were obtained by conventional evaporating the liquid phase from non silylated gels. The samples were characterized by nitrogen adsorption and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The structure of the wet gels and of the aerogels prepared with the surfactant exhibited characteristics of mass-fractal structures with fractal dimension D in the range 2.1-2.2 for the wet gels and 2.3-2.4 for the aerogels. The characteristic size  of the fractal domain reduces while the size a0 of the primary silica particle composing the fractal structure increases with the drying of the gels, in a process in which share of the porosity is eliminated. Aerogels exhibited typical values for the specific surface of 900 m2g-1 and of 3.5 cm3.g-1 for the total pore volume. These values are correspondingly comparable to those of the aerogels prepared by supercritical drying, since the silylation process replaces hydrophilic –OH groups by hydrophobic –Si-R3 ones, inhibiting the porosity elimination on drying. The silica particle size also increases lightly with the silylation because the attachment of the –Si-R3 groups on the silica surface. The pore size distribution curves of the aerogels are similar for all samples exhibiting a maximum in around 40 nm, independent the concentration of surfactant. This suggests that the characteristic size of 40 nm is due to the association of surfactant micelles... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Radioterapia em câncer de mama: importância da determinação da curva de isodose

The study analyzed contours of the thoracic region of patients undergoing radiotherapy of breast tumors in Hospital Manuel de Abreu of Bauru (institution 1) and the Hospital da Faculdade de Medicina of Botucatu (Institution 2). Were prepared isodose curves corresponding to the contours of the patient, which were presented for radiotherapists doctors both hospital services that enabled the choice of the curve isodose that provides the best distribution of radiation dose in the irradiated volume. Some boundaries were digitized in one institution and sent for preparation of isodose lines in the institution 2, both curves plotted in each of the institutions and for the same contour, were compared, showing that the methodology of Curves of distance is feasible and reliable, while optimizing the routine procedures regarding the handling of isodose plans provided by different radiation equipment. It compares the calculation of the exposure time determined using the isodose curve selected by calculating the value obtained considering the PDP at the point of the middle line of separation between the internal and external fields, the difference between the two methods for determining exposure time was around 2.4%. A study on the angle of the radiation beam at the input field (region breast-air) was conducted showing that, once known a tangent angle of the input beam, one can estimate the angle of the wedge filter used in some procedures for uniformity of dose within the irradiated volume compensation and the lack of tissue in the treatment volume. A comparative study between the isodose curves produced manually with the curves obtained in a two-dimensional computer system, the computer system showed that provides further information regarding the dose gradient within the irradiated volume, in addition to reducing the time spent in preparing the curves isodose

Análise da assimetria na corrida de aproximação de diferentes tipos de chute no futsal

Existe uma lacuna na literatura no que diz respeito chutes no futsal, ainda mais em relação as diferenças entre membros contralaterais. Portanto o objetivo do estudo foi analisar e comparar os parâmetros espaço-temporais da corrida de aproximação e de desempenho (precisão e velocidade da bola) de chutes realizados com o membro dominante e membro não dominante para diferentes tipos de chutes no futsal, separadamente para a bola em posição estacionária e para a bola em deslocamento. Participaram do estudo cinco jogadores destros e cinco jogadores sinistros de futsal da equipe adulta da UNESP – Campus Rio Claro. Os participantes realizaram 10 chutes com a bola parada e 10 chutes com a bola em deslocamento, sendo que em cada situação 5 chutes foram realizados com o membro dominante (MD) e os outros 5 chutes com o membro não dominante (MND). Para a bola parada os chutes foram realizados na marca do tiro livre (10 m distante do gol). Para bola em deslocamento foi utilizada uma rampa para padronizar a velocidade de chegada da bola. Os participantes foram instruídos a realizar o chute com o dorso do pé o mais forte que conseguir, tendo como objetivo acerta um alvo de 1m² posicionado no centro do gol. Os chutes foram filmados por seis câmeras digitais JVC® modelo GR9800u, ajustadas com freqüência de aquisição de 120 Hz, shutter a 1/250, white balance e o foco definido de forma manual. Foram fixados marcadores nas proeminências ósseas dos membros inferiores direito e esquerdo dos participantes. As variáveis dependentes foram: velocidade da corrida de aproximação; distância do pé de suporte para a bola; ângulo de aproximação para a bola; distância do participante para a bola; velocidade da bola; e comprimento e largura do passo durante a corrida de aproximação. As variáveis foram comparadas através de análise de variância (ANOVA) com medidas repetidas e com fator... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Incorporação do trans-resveratrol em sistemas nanoestruturados: avaliação das ações antioxidante e despigmentante in vitro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Processo de esmerilhamento, polimento e caracterização de um Shear Plate

Shearplate is an optical glass plate having two flat surfaces and a small angle between them. The use of a high quality shear plate is essential to implement shear interferometric technique . The shear interferometry is a technique used to evaluate the light beam collimation. In order to guarantee the shearplate quality , the complete manufacturing process must be thoroughly monitored. In the manufacturing process, the first step consisted of the glass selection. The selected glass has been submitted to the process of cutting, gluing, chamfering, grinding and polishing. Each phase has been strictly monitored. The quality of the final result depends extremely on an appropriate starting condition, which arises from the grinding process, as the polishing process only recovers the brightness of the part, acting on a small scale on the wearing off of the part, as well as not changing the structured obtained in the grinding process. Respecting all stages of the manufacturing process, the quality of the part has evolved to a good result. The best result obtained showed PV distance of 162 nm, slightly less than λ / 4. This result is significant because the dimensions of the piece with respect to the dimensions of the polisher what interferes directly in the results. The closer are the dimensions of piece and the dimensions of the polisher, the greater the difficulty in controlling the propagation of errors

A influência do alongamento prévio no pico de torque e na taxa de desenvolvimento de força

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of previous active static stretch on the peak torque (PT) and rate of force development (TDF) during isokinetic concentric contractions at 60 and 180.s-1 in active individuals. Twelve active subjects with ages between 18 and 30 years participated of this study. The individuals were submitted in different days to the following tests: 1) Familiarization session to the isokinetic dynamometer; 2) Five maximal isokinetic concentric contractions for knee extensors at each angular velocity (60 and 180.s-1) to determine PT and TDF (Control), and; 3) Two active static stretching exercises for the dominant leg extensors (10 x 30 s for each exercise, with 20 s of rest). After the stretching, the isokinetic test was repeated (Post-Stretching). The conditions 2 and 3 were performed in random order. There was no significant modification after the stretch exercises on the PT, angle and time at which the PT was attained, at 60 and 180º.s-1. In the same way, there was no significant modification on the TDF and angle at which the maximal TDF was attained in both angular speeds. In other way, the time to attain maximal TDF (TTDF) at 180º.s-1 was significantly lower after the stretching (Pre - 98.3 ± 27.5 ms and Post - 86.6 ± 30.2 ms). There was significant modification on the torque (60 and 180º.s-1) and time (60º.s-1) at different delta of angle variations, obtained at 60º.s-1 at Control and Post-Stretching conditions. However, there was significant reduction of time after the stretching exercises on delta of angle variations of 90-88º (Pre - 46.6 ± 6.5 ms and Post - 44.1 ± 5.1 ms), 88-85º (Pre - 65.8 ± 7.9 ms and Post - 63.3 ± 4.9 ms) and 85-80º (Pre - 93.3 ± 7.7 ms and Post - 90.0 ± 4.2 ms) at 180º.s-1. With base on these data, it is possible to conclude that PT and TDF do not modify after static stretching, irrespectively on the speed...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Crescimeno de apatita na superfície da liga Ti-7, 5Mo empregando tratamento higrotérmico

The objective of the present work was to evaluate surface of experimental alloy Ti-7.5Mo after hydrothermal treatment. Ingots were obtained in arc melting furnace under an argon atmosphere and then homogenized under vacuum at 1100ºC for 86.4 ks to eliminate chemical segregation and after cold worked discs were cutting and grinding. For surface treatment, samples were immersed in a container with NaOH aqueous solution 5M, autoclaved, washed with distilled water. Followed, samples were heat treated and they were soaking in 5xSBF to form an apatite layer on the surface. Surfaces were investigated by, scanning electron microscopy, X-Rays powder diffraction, atomic force microscopy and contact angle, in order to evaluate the wettability of the alloy surface. The results were compared with our previous studies using the group of chemical surface treatments and results shows better condition is 120 minutes in the autoclave

Sobre a dinâmica de rotação de um planeta através de um sistema médio

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeito de Técnicas Osteopáticas Estruturais na Postura e Flexibilidade de Individuos com Escoliose Idiopática do Adolescente

Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia - FCT

O Mestre, de Ana Hatherly: uma insólita aprendizagem

O mestre (1963), written by the Portuguese author Ana Hatherly, continues to challenge our reading due to its disturbing nature. The text is not only connected to and transcends the emerging modernity of the Portuguese poetic avant- -garde experimental proposals of the period, presenting itself as a permanent intriguing text. This paper examines the narrative procedures put into action in order to destabilize the relationship I – the Other (master and apprentice), multiform agents, producers of metamorphosis and disturbing actions. The female narrator addresses love, truth, knowledge and power in an uncommon way and transforms the narrative into a magic practice, with surprising effects.

Caracterização de plasmas a partir do monômero digime através da espectrometria de massa: deposição polimérica

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

A experiência do trabalho do serviço social junto aos carcereiros da cadeia feminina de Franca - SP

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS