Integration of biofuel production. How pyrolysis and torrefaction can be integrated

The main goal of this work is to clarify the idea of two thermochemical conversion processes of biomass - pyrolysis and torrefaction and to identify possible ways how and where exactly these processes can be integrated. Integration into CHP power plant process was chosen as one of the most promising ways. Multiple product development was determined by means of this integration concept. The analysis of the possible pros and cons was made based on some experimental data collected from the previous studies related to the topic of my work. In addition, one real integrated case was represented in the last part of the work. Finally, to highlight the main idea brief summarizing was done.

Skannausratkaisun ja yleisarkiston käyttöönotto potilasasiakirjojen käsittelyyn terveydenhuollossa

Julkinen terveydenhuolto on muutoksen ja monien haasteiden edessä, kun palveluiden kysyntä ja laatuvaatimukset kasvavat. Julkisen sektorin taloudellinen tilanne aiheuttaa paineita kustannusten pienentämiseksi ja toimintojen keskittämiseen. Muutoksista huolimatta terveydenhuollon henkilökunnalla tulee olla mahdollisimman helppo ja nopea pääsy potilasta koskeviin ajantasaisiin ja olennaisiin tietoihin. Tämä diplomityö tarkastelee tietojärjestelmän käyttöönottoprosessia, paperisten potilasasiakirjojen digitalisointia ja niiden hyödyntämistä hoitoprosessissa. Tutkimuksessa esitellään paperilähetteiden käsittely, skannausratkaisun käyttöönotto ja integrointi HUS:n XDS-yleisarkistoon. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen viitekehys koostuu käyttöönottoprosessista ja siihen liittyvistä haasteista, onnistumiseen vaikuttavista tekijöistä sekä onnistumiseen mittaamiseen käytettävissä olevista malleista ja mittareista. Tietojärjestelmän käyttöönoton onnistumiseen vaikutti erityisesti ennakkosuunnittelu ja muutosvastarinnan ymmärtäminen. Tietojärjestelmän käyttöönotossa havaittiin, että muutos hyväksytään käyttäjien osalta, kun se vastaa käyttäjien todelliseen tarpeeseen. Erityisesti lähetteiden käsittely sähköisessä muodossa koettiin hyödylliseksi ja tarpeelliseksi, koska tämä mahdollisti potilastietojen saatavuuden paikasta ja ajasta riippumatta ja tuki potilaan hoitoprosessia. Käyttöönotossa havaittiin, että skannausprosessi ei voi olla samanlainen kaikkialla, koska eri yksiköissä tapahtuva skannaus voi olla potilaskeskeistä tai asiakirjatyyppien mukaan tai kompeksista ja suuriin määriin perustuvaa.

Model-based testing of software systems : functionality and performance

Software is a key component in many of our devices and products that we use every day. Most customers demand not only that their devices should function as expected but also that the software should be of high quality, reliable, fault tolerant, efficient, etc. In short, it is not enough that a calculator gives the correct result of a calculation, we want the result instantly, in the right form, with minimal use of battery, etc. One of the key aspects for succeeding in today's industry is delivering high quality. In most software development projects, high-quality software is achieved by rigorous testing and good quality assurance practices. However, today, customers are asking for these high quality software products at an ever-increasing pace. This leaves the companies with less time for development. Software testing is an expensive activity, because it requires much manual work. Testing, debugging, and verification are estimated to consume 50 to 75 per cent of the total development cost of complex software projects. Further, the most expensive software defects are those which have to be fixed after the product is released. One of the main challenges in software development is reducing the associated cost and time of software testing without sacrificing the quality of the developed software. It is often not enough to only demonstrate that a piece of software is functioning correctly. Usually, many other aspects of the software, such as performance, security, scalability, usability, etc., need also to be verified. Testing these aspects of the software is traditionally referred to as nonfunctional testing. One of the major challenges with non-functional testing is that it is usually carried out at the end of the software development process when most of the functionality is implemented. This is due to the fact that non-functional aspects, such as performance or security, apply to the software as a whole. In this thesis, we study the use of model-based testing. We present approaches to automatically generate tests from behavioral models for solving some of these challenges. We show that model-based testing is not only applicable to functional testing but also to non-functional testing. In its simplest form, performance testing is performed by executing multiple test sequences at once while observing the software in terms of responsiveness and stability, rather than the output. The main contribution of the thesis is a coherent model-based testing approach for testing functional and performance related issues in software systems. We show how we go from system models, expressed in the Unified Modeling Language, to test cases and back to models again. The system requirements are traced throughout the entire testing process. Requirements traceability facilitates finding faults in the design and implementation of the software. In the research field of model-based testing, many new proposed approaches suffer from poor or the lack of tool support. Therefore, the second contribution of this thesis is proper tool support for the proposed approach that is integrated with leading industry tools. We o er independent tools, tools that are integrated with other industry leading tools, and complete tool-chains when necessary. Many model-based testing approaches proposed by the research community suffer from poor empirical validation in an industrial context. In order to demonstrate the applicability of our proposed approach, we apply our research to several systems, including industrial ones.

Integration of marketing research data in new product development. Case study: Food industry company

The aim of this master’s thesis is to provide a real life example of how marketing research data is used by different functions in the NPD process. In order to achieve this goal, a case study in a company was implemented where gathering, analysis, distribution and synthesis of marketing research data in NPD were studied. The main research question was formulated as follows: How is marketing research data integrated and used by different company functions in the NPD process? The theory part of the master’s thesis was focused on the discussion of the marketing function role in NPD, use of marketing research particularly in the food industry, as well as issues related to the marketing/R&D interface during the NPD process. The empirical part of the master’s thesis was based on qualitative explanatory case study research. Individual in-depth interviews with company representatives, company documents and online research were used for data collection and analyzed through triangulation method. The empirical findings advocate that the most important marketing data sources at the concept generation stage of NPD are: global trends monitoring, retailing audit and consumers insights. These data sets are crucial for establishing the potential of the product on the market and defining the desired features for the new product to be developed. The findings also suggest the example of successful crossfunctional communication during the NPD process with formal and informal communication patterns. General managerial recommendations are given on the integration in NPD of a strategy, process, continuous improvement, and motivated cross-functional product development teams.