Keskisuurten tieliikenteen tavarankuljetusyritysten keskeisimmät menestystekijät

Tämän kandidaatintutkielman tarkoituksena on tarkastella suomalaista tieliikenteen tavarankuljetusalaa ja tällä toimialla menestymistä. Tutkielman päätavoitteena on selvittää, mitkä ovat keskisuurten tieliikenteen tavarankuljetusyritysten keskeisimmät menestykseen vaikuttavat tekijät. Tutkielma on rajattu koskemaan suomalaisia 20-50 henkilöä työllistäviä tieliikenteen tavarankuljetusyrityksiä. Tutkimus toteutettiin kvalitatiivisesti ja tutkimuksen aineisto kerättiin puolistrukturoidun teemahaastattelun avulla. Tutkielmassa haastateltiin viittä toimitusjohtajaa rajausten mukaisista yrityksistä. Tämän tutkielman tulosten mukaan keskisuurten tieliikenteen tavarankuljetusyritysten keskeisimmät menestystekijät ovat keskittyminen ja erikoistuminen. Erikoistumisella tarkoitetaan erikoistumista johonkin tiettyyn kuljetuslajiin. Keskittymisellä tarkoitetaan pitkäjänteistä keskittymistä arvoa luoviin toimintoihin sekä yrityksen harjoittamaan kuljetuslajiin. Muita yksittäisiä menestystekijöitä olivat muun muassa: kaluston tuottavuuden parantaminen, työntekijöiden tuottavuuden parantaminen, hyvä kustannusjohtaminen, asiakassuhteiden hyvä johtaminen ja pätevien työntekijöiden pitäminen yrityksessä. Tutkielman tuloksissa havaittiin myös, että yrityksen harjoittaman kuljetuslajin vaikutus liiketoiminnan menestykseen todennäköisesti kasvaa tulevaisuudessa kabotaasin vapauttamisen myötä. Tutkielman tulosten yleistettävyyteen on suhtauduttava kuitenkin kriittisesti tutkielman pienestä otoksesta johtuen.

Käyttöpääoman hallinnan vaikutus suomalaisten pk-yritysten maksuvalmiuteen

Tämän kandidaatintutkielman tavoite on tarkastella suomalaisten pk-yritysten maksuvalmiuden ja käyttöpääoman hallinnan välistä yhteyttä. Tarkoitus on selvittää, voidaanko suomalaisten pk-yritysten maksuvalmiutta parantaa käyttöpääoman hallintaa tehostamalla ja onko siitä saatava hyöty toimialariippuvaista. Toimialavertailuun valittiin rakentaminen, koneiden ja laitteiden valmistus sekä jälleenmyynti. Aineisto tutkimukseen hankittiin Amadeus-tietokannasta. Tutkimuksessa hyödynnetään tilastollisia menetelmiä. Tilastolliset analyysit suoritetaan SAS Enterprise Guide -ohjelmistolla. Muuttujien välisiä suhteita tarkastellaan regressioanalyysin avulla, jotka suoritetaan jokaiselle toimialaluokalle ja kaikista toimialoista koostuvalle otokselle erikseen. Tutkimustulosten mukaan toimialasta riippumatta pk-yrityksen maksuvalmiutta voidaan parantaa käyttöpääoman hallintaa tehostamalla. Vaikutuksen suuruus riippuu kuitenkin toimialasta. Tutkimustulokset huomioiden pk-yritysten johdon tulisi resurssien niukkuudesta huolimatta kiinnittää huomiota käyttöpääoman hallintaan, erityisesti silloin kuin yrityksen maksuvalmius on uhattuna.

Desenvolvimento e aplicação de modelo de calibração multivariada para determinação de açúcares e ácidos orgânicos em bebidas comerciais utilizando espectroscopia no infravermelho

The routine analysis for quantization of organic acids and sugars are generally slow methods that involve the use and preparation of several reagents, require trained professional, the availability of special equipment and is expensive. In this context, it has been increasing investment in research whose purpose is the development of substitutive methods to reference, which are faster, cheap and simple, and infrared spectroscopy have been highlighted in this regard. The present study developed multivariate calibration models for the simultaneous and quantitative determination of ascorbic acid, citric, malic and tartaric and sugars sucrose, glucose and fructose, and soluble solids in juices and fruit nectars and classification models for ACP. We used methods of spectroscopy in the near infrared (Near Infrared, NIR) in association with the method regression of partial least squares (PLS). Were used 42 samples between juices and fruit nectars commercially available in local shops. For the construction of the models were performed with reference analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and refractometry for the analysis of soluble solids. Subsequently, the acquisition of the spectra was done in triplicate, in the spectral range 12500 to 4000 cm-1. The best models were applied to the quantification of analytes in study on natural juices and juice samples produced in the Paraná Southwest Region. The juices used in the application of the models also underwent physical and chemical analysis. Validation of chromatographic methodology has shown satisfactory results, since the external calibration curve obtained R-square value (R2) above 0.98 and coefficient of variation (%CV) for intermediate precision and repeatability below 8.83%. Through the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was possible to separate samples of juices into two major groups, grape and apple and tangerine and orange, while for nectars groups separated guava and grape, and pineapple and apple. Different validation methods, and pre-processes that were used separately and in combination, were obtained with multivariate calibration models with average forecast square error (RMSEP) and cross validation (RMSECV) errors below 1.33 and 1.53 g.100 mL-1, respectively and R2 above 0.771, except for malic acid. The physicochemical analysis enabled the characterization of drinks, including the pH working range (variation of 2.83 to 5.79) and acidity within the parameters Regulation for each flavor. Regression models have demonstrated the possibility of determining both ascorbic acids, citric, malic and tartaric with successfully, besides sucrose, glucose and fructose by means of only a spectrum, suggesting that the models are economically viable for quality control and product standardization in the fruit juice and nectars processing industry.

Caracterização da captura incidental de tartarugas marinhas pela pesca de espinhel pelágico no Nordeste do Brasil

The marine turtles biological characteristics and the impact they have been suffering in consequence of human activities have caused in the last decades the decrease of populations to unsustainable levels. All four of the species described in this paper are registered as endangered in a list by IUCN: Caretta caretta, Lepidochelys olivacea, Chelonia mydas, Dermochelys coriacea. The main causes of such impact include several fishing activities, mostly the surface longline. This paper discusses the monitoring of two foreigner longline fleet along the North East Brazilian coast between October of 2004 and September of 2005. Both operated in the West South Atlantic, one using the Chinese technique and the other the American. The American method s target species is the swordfish (Xiphias gladius), and it is characterized by using squid as bait, J 9/0 offset 5º hook, light sticks and night soaking. It also operates in shallower waters than the Chinese method. The source of information about the efforts and the catches came from onboard observers and were used to calculate the catching rate of turtles over 1000 hooks (CPUE). The American equipment caught more turtles (CPUE = 0,059; N= 103), mainly D. coriacea, while the Chinese longline caught mainly the L. olivacea and presented a CPUE= 0,018 (N= 89). The hooks were most frequently found attached to the mouth of C. caretta, C. mydas, and L. olivacea. The D. coriacea were most frequently caught by hooks externally attached to different parts of their body. There was no significant difference between the hook type catching and most turtles were still alive when released. The results suggest a greater potential of turtle catching by the American method. Besides the statistic tests have showed less interaction between the Chinese equipment and marine turtles, the catches of this fishing technique could have been underestimated due to miscommunication between the onboard observer and the vessel s crew plus the retrieve of the longline during night time

Métabolomique et spectrométrie de masse : de nouvelles perspectives en analyse biomédicale

International audience

AUTOEVALUACIÓN CON MIRAS A LA ACREDITACIÓN DE LA CARRERA DE BIBLIOTECOLOGÍA Y DOCUMENTACIÓN

En el presente documento se describe la forma en la cual se desarrolló el proceso de autoevaluación con miras a la acreditación de la Carrera de Bibliotecología y Documentación entre 1999-2004, teniendo como base el "Manual de Acreditación" del Sistema Nacional de Acreditación, SINAES. Los criterios que se tomaron en cuenta están relacionados con: Personal académico, Curriculum, Estudiantes, Administración, Infraestructura y Equipo e Impacto y Pertinencia. Se busca con este proceso garantizar calidad a los estudiantes, graduados, empleadores y a la sociedad nacional e internacional.

The creation of a new tourist destination in low density areas: the Boticas case

CIEO-Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, University of Algarve

Infra-estrutura do projecto: SEMCABO-WIFI

Esta tese consiste no estudo, implementação e desenvolvimento da infra-estrutura para o projecto SEMCABO-WIFI. Este projecto está inserido na empresa Sem¬ Cabo, com o objectivo de levar a Internet aos clientes sob a forma de hotspots ou no acesso à ultima milha (Last Míle Access) à casa dos residentes. O projecto também deu origem à própria empresa, levando esta a ISP desde Setembro de 2007. Numa primeira fase, é feita abordagem a Sistemas de Authentícatíon, Authorization e Ac­countíng para ISPs, na vertente WI-FI e apresentadas possíveis soluções comercias e open source. Em seguida, é apresentado a empresa SemCabo, vertente comercial e tecnológica. O sistema base da SemCabo é referido, contemplando a tecnologia de suporte, rede, equipamentos activos, módulos de emissão de sinal WI-FI, segurança, monitorização e portal de autenticação. Os servidores base são indicados posteriormente, sendo efectuado a apresentação de todos os servidores com suporte ao projecto, incluindo alguns pormenores de configuração. São apresentados equipa­ mentos e sistemas utilizados para controlo de acesso à rede (NAS), sendo igualmente descritos pormenores de configuração. ABSTRACT; This thesis is about the study, implementation and development of the infrastructure created for the SEMCABO-WIFI project. This project is inserted in the company SemCabo, with the objective to bring the Internet to costumers in the form of hots­pots or access in last mile to the house of residents. The project also originated the company and led the company to ISP since September 2007. ln the first fase, the approach is about Systems Authentication, Authorization and Accounting for WISPs and presented possible commercial and open source solutions. ln next, the SemCabo company is presented and described their technological and commercial aspects. The base system of the SemCabo is refered, considering the support technology, network equipment, modules emission signal WI-FI, security, monitoring and portal authentication module. Base servers of the SemCabo project are shown, a presentation of all the servers that support the project is made, including some details of the configuration. The equipment and systems used to control network access (NAS) are presented, details of configuration are also described.

Developing smart services by Internet of Things in manufacturing business

Manufacturing companies have passed from selling uniquely tangible products to adopting a service-oriented approach to generate steady and continuous revenue streams. Nowadays, equipment and machine manufacturers possess technologies to track and analyze product-related data for obtaining relevant information from customers’ use towards the product after it is sold. The Internet of Things on Industrial environments will allow manufacturers to leverage lifecycle product traceability for innovating towards an information-driven services approach, commonly referred as “Smart Services”, for achieving improvements in support, maintenance and usage processes. The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review and empirical analysis to present a framework that describes a customer-oriented approach for developing information-driven services leveraged by the Internet of Things in manufacturing companies. The empirical study employed tools for the assessment of customer needs for analyzing the case company in terms of information requirements and digital needs. The literature review supported the empirical analysis with a deep research on product lifecycle traceability and digitalization of product-related services within manufacturing value chains. As well as the role of simulation-based technologies on supporting the “Smart Service” development process. The results obtained from the case company analysis show that the customers mainly demand information that allow them to monitor machine conditions, machine behavior on different geographical conditions, machine-implement interactions, and resource and energy consumption. Put simply, information outputs that allow them to increase machine productivity for maximizing yields, save time and optimize resources in the most sustainable way. Based on customer needs assessment, this study presents a framework to describe the initial phases of a “Smart Service” development process, considering the requirements of Smart Engineering methodologies.

Respiratory effects of biomass fuel combustion on rural fish smokers in a Nigerian fishing settlement: a case control study.

Backgroud: The aim was to study the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and assess the lung function of fish smokers in Nigeria. Methods: A case control study was done among fish smokers in Nigeria. Women aged 15 years or older (n=210) involved in fish smoking and equal number of matched controls were interviewed on respiratory symptoms and their peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) measured. Data was analysed using chi square test, student\'s t-test and odd ratios. Results: Both groups were similar in their personal characteristics. The test group had significantly increased occurrence of sneezing (153; 72.86%), catarrh (159; 75.71%), cough (138; 65.71%) and chest pain (59; 28.10%) compared with the control group, odds ratio (OR) 2.49, 95% confidence interval CI (1.62-3.82), P < 0.001), OR 3.77,95% CI (2.44- 5.85), P < 0.001, OR 3.38, 95% CI (2.22-5.15), P < 0.001, and OR 6.45,95% CI (3.22-13.15), P < 0.001, respectively. The mean PEFR of 321±58.93 L/min among the fish smokers was significantly lower than 400±42.92 L/min among the controls (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Fish smokers have increased risk of respiratory symptoms and reduced pulmonary function. There is a need for protective equipment and periodic evaluation.

Utilidad de una Red de Información Documental

La creciente demanda de información ha obligado a las Unidades de Información documental a compartir recursos y a desarrollar formas de intercambio. El modo en que muchas bibliotecas han operado en el pasado puede ser definido como poseedores de "masas de información para las masas" y aunque el principio de democratización de la información sigue imperando, debemos canalizar esfuerzos hacia la creación de redes de información documental, donde el equipo y el personal formen un grupo inteligente que resuelva necesidades individuales de información, ya sea de instituciones o de individuos.

Proposal for linking the school library of the School Education Unit Four Queens in the nursery of J. Francisco Public Library Orlich Tibás Canton, Heredia, Costa Rica

Since classical antiquity, the public library has been the institution that helps people to know their history and face the changes that society increasingly demands. Similarly, school libraries are piloting the learning of children; in them, manage to have their first contact with books, his first great travel stories with dinosaurs, robots, fiction, among others through the stories, legends and knowledge games. School libraries contribute to strengthening reading habits from the earliest years of life.In conducting the research, developed an assessment of the current situation of the two libraries under study, based on the following variables: services, human resources, budget, infrastructure, children's collection, furniture, electronic equipment and audiovisual, recreational interests, needs of information, socio-cultural characteristics and availability. This was achieved through the collection of information externada by children of preschool and junior, mothers or guardians and teachers of the Education Unit of Four Queens and in charge of the School Library Education Unit Four Queens (BEUPCR) and J. Francisco Public Library Orlich (BPFJO).According to the diagnosis and analysis of information, it is shown that the aspects related to personnel, electronic equipment and resources are limited, in addition, there were deficiencies in infrastructure BEUPCR.

Análise de falhas em martelos oscilantes dos desfibradores da indústria sucroalcooleira da Região Norte-Nordeste

The failure of materials is always an unwelcome event for several reasons: human lives are put in danger, economic losses, and interference in the availability of products and services. Although the causes of failures and behaviour of materials can be known, the prevention of such a condition is difficult to be guaranteed. Among the failures, wear abrasion by the low voltage is the kind of failure that occurs in more equipment and parts industry. The Plants Sucroalcooleiras suffer significant losses because of such attrition, this fact that motivated their choice for the development of this work. For both, were considered failures in the swing hammers desfibradores stopped soon after the exchange provided in accordance with tonnage of cane processed, then were analyzed by the level of wear testing of rubber wheel defined by the standard ASTM G65-91.The failures were classified as to the origin of the cause and mechanism, moreover, were prepared with samples of welding procedures according to ASME code, sec. IX as well, using the technique of thermal spraying to analyze the performance of these materials produced in laboratories, and compares them with the solder used in the plant. It was observed that the bodies-of-proof prepared by the procedure described as welding, and the thermal spraying the results of losing weight have been minimized significantly compared to the preparations in the plant. This is because the use of techniques more appropriate and more controlled conditions of the parameters of welding. As for the thermal spraying, this technique has presented a satisfactory result, but requires the use of these coatings in the best condition for real affirmation of the results

Determinación del grado de ansiedad en los pacientes del área de Gastroenterología de la consulta externa del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso que se van a realizar una colonoscopia -2015

Antecedentes: La ansiedad es un estímulo nervioso negativo que resulta en alteraciones somáticas y psíquicas, que se presenta en pacientes previo a un procedimiento terapéutico biológico, la cual de alguna manera irrumpe el correcto desarrollo y recuperación del procedimiento médico. Objetivo: Determinar el grado de ansiedad en los pacientes del el área de gastroenterología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, que van a realizarse una colonoscopia. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo, con una muestra de 102 pacientes del área de gastroenterología de la Consulta Externa del HVCM. La técnica aplicada fue la entrevista y el instrumento fue el Test de Hamilton. La tabulación y análisis de datos se realizó en el programa SPSS versión 15 y Excel. Los resultados se muestran en tablas y gráficos simples Uso de los resultados: de los 102 pacientes evaluados el 56.9% corresponden al género femenino, el promedio de edad es de 52,89 años, el 34,3% son adultos jóvenes seguidos de adultos medios 29,4%, el 65.7% son casados, 41.2% han cursado la primaria completa, 61,8% son del área rural. El grado de ansiedad fue moderada 86.3%, la cual se presentó en el género femenino en un 49%; el 38,2% de pacientes con ansiedad tienen escolaridad baja y el 28,4% son adultos jóvenes. La investigación concluye que la ansiedad está presente en todos los pacientes previo a procedimientos médicos, generando así que dicho proceso sea limitado para el equipo médico y más aún para el paciente.

Tangibilidade, classe de ativos e estrutura de capital das empresas listadas na BM&FBOVESPA

This study aims to investigate the influence of the asset class and the breakdown of tangibility as determinant factors of the capital structure of companies listed on the BM & FBOVESPA in the period of 2008-2012. Two current assets classes were composed and once they were grouped by liquidity, they were also analyzed by the financial institutions for credit granting: current resources (Cash, Bank and Financial Applications) and operations with duplicates (Stocks and Receivables). The breakdown of the tangible assets was made based on its main components provided as warrantees for loans like Machinery & Equipment and Land & Buildings. For an analysis extension, three metrics for leverage (accounting, financial and market) were applied and the sample was divided into economic sectors, adopted by BM&FBOVESPA. The data model in dynamic panel estimated by a systemic GMM of two levels was used in this study due its strength to problems of endogenous relationship as well as the omitted variables bias. The found results suggest that current resources are determinants of the capital structure possibly because they re characterized as proxies for financial solvency, being its relationship with debt positive. The sectorial analysis confirmed the results for current resources. The tangibility of assets has inverse proportional relationship with the leverage. As it is disintegrated in its main components, the significant and negative influence of machinery & equipment was more marked in the Industrial Goods sector. This result shows that, on average, the most specific assets from operating activities of a company compete for a less use of third party resources. As complementary results, it was observed that the leverage has persistence, which is linked with the static trade-off theory. Specifically for financial leverage, it was observed that the persistence is relevant when it is controlled for the lagged current assets classes variables. The proxy variable for growth opportunities, measured by the Market -to -Book, has the sign of its contradictory coefficient. The company size has a positive relationship with debt, in favor of static trade-off theory. Profitability is the most consistent variable in all the performed estimations, showing strong negative and significant relationship with leverage, as the pecking order theory predicts