High prevalence of herpes simplex virus (HSV)- type 2 co-infection among HIV-positive women in Ukraine, but no increased HIV mother-to-child transmission risk.

BACKGROUND Over 3500 HIV-positive women give birth annually in Ukraine, a setting with high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections. Herpes simplex virus Type 2 (HSV-2) co-infection may increase HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) risk. We explored factors associated with HSV-2 seropositivity among HIV-positive women in Ukraine, and its impact on HIV MTCT. METHODS Data on 1513 HIV-positive women enrolled in the Ukraine European Collaborative Study from 2007 to 2012 were analysed. Poisson and logistic regression models respectively were fit to investigate factors associated with HSV-2 seropositivity and HIV MTCT. RESULTS Median maternal age was 27 years (IQR 24-31), 53% (796/1513) had been diagnosed with HIV during their most recent pregnancy and 20% had a history of injecting drugs. Median antenatal CD4 count was 430 cells/mm(3) (IQR 290-580). Ninety-six percent had received antiretroviral therapy antenatally. HSV-2 seroprevalence was 68% (1026/1513). In adjusted analyses, factors associated with HSV-2 antibodies were history of pregnancy termination (APR 1.30 (95% CI 1.18-1.43) for ≥ 2 vs. 0), having an HIV-positive partner (APR 1.15 (95% CI 1.05-1.26) vs partner's HIV status unknown) and HCV seropositivity (APR 1.23 (95 % CI 1.13-1.35)). The overall HIV MTCT rate was 2.80% (95% CI 1.98-3.84); no increased HIV MTCT risk was detected among HSV-2 seropositive women after adjusting for known risk factors (AOR 1.43 (95% CI 0.54-3.77). CONCLUSION No increased risk of HIV MTCT was detected among the 68% of HIV-positive women with antibodies to HSV-2, in this population with an overall HIV MTCT rate of 2.8%. Markers of ongoing sexual risk among HIV-positive HSV-2 seronegative women indicate the importance of interventions to prevent primary HSV-2 infection during pregnancy in this high-risk group.

Bibliography on biosensors.

"Document no. ARA-1026 [etc.]."

Mémoire raisonné des remedes et du regime a pratiquer dans la maladie qui afflige la ville de Mamers [et] les paroisses circonvoisines /

Mode of access: Internet.

In hoc libro haec habentur Constantini Lascaris ... De octo partibus or[ati]onis lib. I ; eiusdem De constructione liber secundus ; eiusdem De nomine [et] uerbo liber tertius ; eiusdem De pronomine in omni idiomate loquendi, ac ut poetae utuntur opusculum ... Cebetis tabula [et] graeca [et] latina ... De literis graecis ac diphthongis ... Abbreuiationes quibus ... graeci utuntur ; Oratio Dominica [et] duplex salutatio ad Beatiss. Virginem ; Euangelium diui Ioannis Euangelistae ; Carmina aurea Pythagorae ; Phocylidis poema ad bene beateque uiuendum ; De idiomatibus linguarum tres tractatus Ioannis grammatici, Eustathii, Corinthi cum interpretatione latina ; Introductio perbreuis ad hebraicam linguam.

CCBE S. XVI,

Elogios de mugeres insignes del Viejo Testamento ... /

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Doctoris Ioannis de Roa Dauila ... De suprema Dei prouidentia & praedestinatione libri tres ...

CCBE s. XVI, R, 1026.

Autoritas utriusque libri Maccab. canonico-historica adserta et Froelichiani annales Syriae defensi... /

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Paint waste reduction and disposal options /

"HWRIC RR-060."

Flora batava /

Vols. 5-8: Door Jan Kops ... en H. C. van Hall"; v. 9-10: "Door Jan Kops ... en J. E. van der Trappen"; v. 11: "Door wijlen Jan Kops ... vervolgd door P. M. E. Gevers Deijnoot"; v. 12: "Door wijlen Jan Kops ... vervolgd door P. M. E. Gevers Deijnoot ... voortgezet door Jhr. F. A. Hartsen ... van pl. 935-960"; v. 13: "Door wijlen Jan Kops ... vervolgd door Jhr. F. A. Hartsen tot plaat 1026, voortgezet door F. W. van Eeden"; v. 14-20: "Aangevangen door wijlen Jan Kops ... voortgezet door F. W. van Eeden"; v. 21-27, pt. 4: "Aangevangen door wijlen Jan Kops ... voortgezet door wijlen F. W. van Eeden ... en onder redactie van L. Vuyck"; v. 28, pt. 5: "Aangevangen door Jan Kops, voortgezet door F. W. van Eeden en Dr. L. Vuyck, beeindigd door W. J. Lütjeharms ... met medewerking van Dr. A. de Wever."

Recollections of a housekeeper.

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Flora batava, afgebeeld door en van wegens J.C. Sepp en zoon; /

Accompanied by "Naamlijst der Nederlandsche gewassen. Afgebeeld en beschreven in deel 1-XXV der Flora batava, door L.Vuyck en H.C. van de Pavord Smits. Met vervolg op deel XXVI en XXVII." (131, 16 p.) Published: s'Gravenhage, M. Nijhoff, 1930.