Determinación de la precisión de DEMs generados con puntos digitalizados a partir de cartografía existente : relación con el algoritmo utilizado

La información básica sobre el relieve de cuencas hidrográficas, mediante metodologías analítico-descriptivas permite contar con los parámetros físicos necesarios para el estudio de los recursos naturales tales como manejo integrado de cuencas, impacto ambiental, degradación de suelos, deforestación, conservación de los recursos hídricos, entre otros. Todos estos procesos ligados a una fuerte componente espacial permiten el uso de sistemas de información geográfica. Los Modelos Digitales de Elevación (DEM) y sus derivados son un componente relevante de estas fuentes de datos. En este trabajo se planteó evaluar los DEMs, generados por captura indirecta de datos fuente, (puntos digitalizados sobre un plano, en formato papel, con curvas de nivel) para determinar si su calidad altimétrica varía con la resolución espacial del mismo (tamaño de grilla). Asimismo se evaluó la posible existencia de alguna interacción entre el software utilizado y los tamaños de grilla, que podría influir sobre la calidad altimétrica del DEM. Se concluyó que la resolución espacial afecta la calidad altimétrica del DEM. Se constató, asimismo, que es posible encontrar un tamaño de grilla ideal en cuanto a calidad altimétrica y peso informático del modelo digital de elevaciones generado. Respecto de la existencia de una interacción entre el tamaño de grilla y el software, que pudieran afectar la calidad de los modelos obtenidos en función de la metodología de adquisición de datos fuente, se demostró que existe esta posibilidad cuando la base de datos se genera a partir de puntos digitalizados.

El género en el derecho: ensayos críticos

Esta publicación contiene el artículo El Aborto, de Tamar Pitch, pp. 335- 382

High resolution bathymetric compilation for Potter Cove, WAP, Antarctica, with links to data in ArcGIS format

The bathymetry raster with a resolution of 5 m x 5 m was processed from unpublished single beam data from the Argentine Antarctica Institute (IAA, 2010) and multibeam data from the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO, 2012) with a cell size of 5 m x 5 m. A coastline digitized from a satellite image (DigitalGlobe, 2014) supplemented the interpolation process. The 'Topo to Raster' tool in ArcMap 10.3 was used to merge the three data sets, while the coastline represented the 0-m-contour to the interpolation process ('contour type option').

Median grain size and distribution of sand in ODP Hole 108-660A (Fig. 5)

50 m of Middle Eocene pure radiolarian ooze were drilled at ODP Site 660 in the equatorial East Atlantic, 80 km northeast of the Kane Gap. The oozes comprise a 10 m high and 2 km broad mound of seismic reverberations, covered by manganese-rich sediment, and contain trace amounts of sponge spicules and diatoms, negligible organic carbon (0.15%), clay, and variable amounts of pyrite. The yellow to pale brown silty sediments are relatively coarse-grained (30-45% coarser than 6 µm), little bioturbated, and commonly massive or laminated on a cm-scale. The unlithified radiolarian ooze may indicate an interval of high oceanic productivity, probably linked to a palaeoposition of Site 660 close to the equatorial upwelling belt during Middle Eocene time. The absence of organic matter, however, and both the laminated bedding and the mound-like structure of the deposit on the lower slope of a continental rise indicate deposition by relatively intense contour currents of oxygen-rich deep water, which passed through the Kane Gap, winnowed the fine clay fraction, and prevented the preservation of organic carbon. The ooze may be either a contourite-lag deposit, or a contourite accumulation of displaced radiolarians, originating south of the Kane Gap and being deposited in its northern lee, thus documenting the passage of a strong cross-equatorial bottom-water current formed near Antarctica. These Eocene contourites may be an analogue for ancient radiolarites in the Tethyan Ocean.

ETOPO1 Global Relief Model converted to PanMap layer format

ETOPO1 is a 1 arc-minute global relief model of Earth's surface that integrates land topography and ocean bathymetry. It was built from numerous global and regional data sets. Data were converted to the PanMap layer format in 14 contour lines from 500 to 7000 meter in steps of 500 m. The link provides a zip-archive (1.1 MB) with *.lay files. The PanMap Mini-GIS software is published at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.104840.

Discription of coastal shape at Bykovsky Peninsula

This article presents a comparison of sediment input by rivers and by coastal erosion into both the Laptev Sea and the Canadian Beaufort Sea (CBS). New data on coastal erosion in the Laptev Sea, which are based on field measurements and remote sensing information, and existing data on coastal erosion in the CBS as well as riverine sediment discharge into both the Laptev Sea and the CBS are included. Strong regional differences in the percentages of coastal erosion and riverine sediment supply are observed. The CBS is dominated by the riverine sediment discharge (64.45210**6 t/a) mainly of the Mackenzie River, which is the largest single source of sediments in the Arctic. Riverine sediment discharge into the Laptev Sea amounts to 24.10210**6 t/a, more than 70% of which are related to the Lena River. In comparison with the CBS, the Laptev Sea coast on average delivers approximately twice as much sediment mass per kilometer, a result of higher erosion rates due to higher cliffs and seasonal ice melting. In the Laptev Sea sediment input by coastal erosion (58.4210**6 t/a) is therefore more important than in the CBS and the ratio between riverine and coastal sediment input amounts to 0.4. Coastal erosion supplying 5.6210**6 t/a is less significant for the sediment budget of the CBS where riverine sediment discharge exceeds coastal sediment input by a factor of ca. 10.