Stereo-Based Head Pose Tracking Using Iterative Closest Point and Normal Flow Constraint

In this text, we present two stereo-based head tracking techniques along with a fast 3D model acquisition system. The first tracking technique is a robust implementation of stereo-based head tracking designed for interactive environments with uncontrolled lighting. We integrate fast face detection and drift reduction algorithms with a gradient-based stereo rigid motion tracking technique. Our system can automatically segment and track a user's head under large rotation and illumination variations. Precision and usability of this approach are compared with previous tracking methods for cursor control and target selection in both desktop and interactive room environments. The second tracking technique is designed to improve the robustness of head pose tracking for fast movements. Our iterative hybrid tracker combines constraints from the ICP (Iterative Closest Point) algorithm and normal flow constraint. This new technique is more precise for small movements and noisy depth than ICP alone, and more robust for large movements than the normal flow constraint alone. We present experiments which test the accuracy of our approach on sequences of real and synthetic stereo images. The 3D model acquisition system we present quickly aligns intensity and depth images, and reconstructs a textured 3D mesh. 3D views are registered with shape alignment based on our iterative hybrid tracker. We reconstruct the 3D model using a new Cubic Ray Projection merging algorithm which takes advantage of a novel data structure: the linked voxel space. We present experiments to test the accuracy of our approach on 3D face modelling using real-time stereo images.

Generalization over contrast and mirror reversal, but not figure-ground reversal, in an "edge-based

Baylis & Driver (Nature Neuroscience, 2001) have recently presented data on the response of neurons in macaque inferotemporal cortex (IT) to various stimulus transformations. They report that neurons can generalize over contrast and mirror reversal, but not over figure-ground reversal. This finding is taken to demonstrate that ``the selectivity of IT neurons is not determined simply by the distinctive contours in a display, contrary to simple edge-based models of shape recognition'', citing our recently presented model of object recognition in cortex (Riesenhuber & Poggio, Nature Neuroscience, 1999). In this memo, I show that the main effects of the experiment can be obtained by performing the appropriate simulations in our simple feedforward model. This suggests for IT cell tuning that the possible contributions of explicit edge assignment processes postulated in (Baylis & Driver, 2001) might be smaller than expected.

Output from the 1998 Product Development Value Stream Workshop: A Framework for Understanding Information Flow in the Product Development Process

The descriptions below and the attached diagrams are outputs of the 1998 LAI Product Development Focus Team workshop on the Value Chain in Product Development. A working group at that workshop was asked to model the product development process: in terms of the phases of product development and their interfaces, boundaries and outputs. Their work has proven to be generally useful to LAI researchers and industry members, and so is formalized here.

Estudio sobre indicadores de validez del Reversal Test.

Comprobar la siguiente hipótesis: si ciertamente el Reversal es un test de madurez, sus resultados pueden constituir un índice predictivo del rendimiento en otras áreas. 740 alumnos de primero de EGB de centros de la región asturiana a través de un procedimiento aleatorio por conjuntos. La población se estratificó según: sexo, hábitat, régimen de enseñanza y asistencia o no de los alumnos a centros preescolares en el curso anterior. Para comprobar la hipótesis planteada, se relacionan los datos obtenidos en este test con los resultados de aquellos otros indicadores del rendimiento de los alumnos de primero de EGB: evaluación o exploración inicial de los alumnos efectuada por el docente al comenzar primero de EGB, los resultados del test de aptitudes cognoscitivas primaria I, y finalmente, la evaluación final al terminar el nivel de primero. Cuestionario 'ad hoc' con respuestas cerradas en escala y paramétrica, destinado a los docentes. Reversal y Test de aptitudes cognoscitivas primaria I. Calificación final en el área de Matemáticas, Lenguaje y global y calificaciones obtenidas por los alumnos en dos pruebas objetivas (Lenguaje y Matemáticas) expresamente preparadas con este fin. Análisis de las relaciones entre el reversal y las puntuaciones obtenidas en los demás indicadores. Cálculo de la validez de este test como instrumento predictivo a través de sus correlaciones con los demás indicadores utilizados.. Diferencias en función del nivel de maduración y el sexo: los alumnos clasificados con bajo nivel de maduración por el Reversal, obtienen las puntuaciones inferiores en todas las variables utilizadas; superioridad de las niñas respecto a los niños, aunque las diferencias no llegan a ser significativas. Interacción de variables en función del grado de madurez y el sexo: las correlaciones más elevadas se dan entre los índices de rendimiento y la madurez cognoscitiva evaluada por los docentes al comenzar el curso; se obtienen coeficientes diferentes con los diversos grupos entre rendimiento y test de aptitudes cognoscitivas, en los índices entre personalización y rendimiento se refleja claramente la influencia del nivel de maduración y el sexo. Relaciones entre el reversal y otros indicadores del rendimiento en función de la preescolarización: las correlaciones más altas se dan entre el Reversal y el Test de inteligencia primaria I; respecto al rendimiento de fin de curso los índices también son claramente representativos; los índices tienden a ser más bajos y desiguales en las relaciones entre el Reversal y la madurez cognoscitiva inicial evaluada por los docentes. Gran utilidad del Reversal como instrumento de diagnóstico y predicción. Se recomienda su utilización en los docentes por su facilidad de aplicación, valoración e interpretación. Este test permite obtener una información sobre el nivel de maduración del niño y 'pistas' de posibles anomalías o retrasos en las áreas perceptiva, espacial, etc..

Scaling algorithms for distributed max flow

Bibliography: p. 22-24.

FastAero – A Precorrected FFT – Fast Multipole Tree Steady and Unsteady Potential Flow Solver

In this paper a precorrected FFT-Fast Multipole Tree (pFFT-FMT) method for solving the potential flow around arbitrary three dimensional bodies is presented. The method takes advantage of the efficiency of the pFFT and FMT algorithms to facilitate more demanding computations such as automatic wake generation and hands-off steady and unsteady aerodynamic simulations. The velocity potential on the body surfaces and in the domain is determined using a pFFT Boundary Element Method (BEM) approach based on the Green’s Theorem Boundary Integral Equation. The vorticity trailing all lifting surfaces in the domain is represented using a Fast Multipole Tree, time advected, vortex participle method. Some simple steady state flow solutions are performed to demonstrate the basic capabilities of the solver. Although this paper focuses primarily on steady state solutions, it should be noted that this approach is designed to be a robust and efficient unsteady potential flow simulation tool, useful for rapid computational prototyping.

Numerical Simulation of Electroosmotic Flow with Step Change in Zeta Potential

Electroosmotic flow is a convenient mechanism for transporting polar fluid in a microfluidic device. The flow is generated through the application of an external electric field that acts on the free charges that exists in a thin Debye layer at the channel walls. The charge on the wall is due to the chemistry of the solid-fluid interface, and it can vary along the channel, e.g. due to modification of the wall. This investigation focuses on the simulation of the electroosmotic flow (EOF) profile in a cylindrical microchannel with step change in zeta potential. The modified Navier-Stoke equation governing the velocity field and a non-linear two-dimensional Poisson-Boltzmann equation governing the electrical double-layer (EDL) field distribution are solved numerically using finite control-volume method. Continuities of flow rate and electric current are enforced resulting in a non-uniform electrical field and pressure gradient distribution along the channel. The resulting parabolic velocity distribution at the junction of the step change in zeta potential, which is more typical of a pressure-driven velocity flow profile, is obtained.

The Inertio-Elastic Planar Entry Flow of Low-Viscosity Elastic Fluids in Micro-fabricated Geometries

The non-Newtonian flow of dilute aqueous polyethylene oxide (PEO) solutions through microfabricated planar abrupt contraction-expansions is investigated. The contraction geometries are fabricated from a high-resolution chrome mask and cross-linked PDMS gels using the tools of soft-lithography. The small length scales and high deformation rates in the contraction throat lead to significant extensional flow effects even with dilute polymer solutions having time constants on the order of milliseconds. The dimensionless extra pressure drop across the contraction increases by more than 200% and is accompanied by significant upstream vortex growth. Streak photography and videomicroscopy using epifluorescent particles shows that the flow ultimately becomes unstable and three-dimensional. The moderate Reynolds numbers (0.03 ≤ Re ≤ 44) associated with these high Deborah number (0 ≤ De ≤ 600) microfluidic flows results in the exploration of new regions of the Re-De parameter space in which the effects of both elasticity and inertia can be observed. Understanding such interactions will be increasingly important in microfluidic applications involving complex fluids and can best be interpreted in terms of the elasticity number, El = De/Re, which is independent of the flow kinematics and depends only on the fluid rheology and the characteristic size of the device.

El Reversal Test y la Ficha de Observaci??n de G. Yoakam en la determinaci??n de la madurez para la lectura

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Viscous Flow and Fluid Dynamics

Exam questions and solutions for a third year maths course. Diagrams for the questions are all together in the support.zip file, as .eps files

On the Foundations of Quantitative Information Flow

The paper introduces vulnerability and quantitative privacy. Optional reading

Open Equipment data flow

Short set of slides explaining the workflow from a university website to equipment.data.ac.uk

Genome-wide evidence for speciation with gene flow in Heliconius butterflies

Most speciation events probably occur gradually, without complete and immediate reproductive isolation, but the full extent of gene flow between diverging species has rarely been characterized on a genome-wide scale. Documenting the extent and timing of admixture between diverging species can clarify the role of geographic isolation in speciation. Here we use new methodology to quantify admixture at different stages of divergence in Heliconius butterflies, based on whole-genome sequences of 31 individuals. Comparisons between sympatric and allopatric populations of H. melpomene, H. cydno, and H. timareta revealed a genome-wide trend of increased shared variation in sympatry, indicative of pervasive interspecific gene flow. Up to 40% of 100-kb genomic windows clustered by geography rather than by species, demonstrating that a very substantial fraction of the genome has been shared between sympatric species. Analyses of genetic variation shared over different time intervals suggested that admixture between these species has continued since early in speciation. Alleles shared between species during recent time intervals displayed higher levels of linkage disequilibrium than those shared over longer time intervals, suggesting that this admixture took place at multiple points during divergence and is probably ongoing. The signal of admixture was significantly reduced around loci controlling divergent wing patterns, as well as throughout the Z chromosome, consistent with strong selection for Müllerian mimicry and with known Z-linked hybrid incompatibility. Overall these results show that species divergence can occur in the face of persistent and genome-wide admixture over long periods of time.

Predicción del flow disposicional según clima motivacional y el trato generado por el profesor en clase de Educación Física.

Resumen tomado de la publicación