Educated by initiative : the effects of direct democracy on citizens and political organizations in the American states /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Development of career progression systems for employees in the foodservice industry,

"Prepared for the Manpower Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, under contract no.82-17-71-19."

Akademisk skriftspråklig progression : En medierad diskursanalys av två föreläsningar på Studie- och språkverkstaden, Stockholms universitet

I denna uppsats analyseras två föreläsningar genomförda av Studie- och språkverkstaden på Stockholms universitet. Syftet är att undersöka i vilken utsträckning föreläsningarna kan bidra till studenters akademiska skriftspråkliga progression. Materialet, som består av observationer, enkätsvar, intervjuer och mejl, har analyserats med metoder från medierad diskursanalys (MDA, Scollon & Scollon 2004). I undersökningen deltar 30 studenter, den språkinstitution som studenterna är inskrivna på samt Studie- och språkverkstaden. Resultaten visar att faktorer som interaktionsordning, historisk kropp och diskurser har stor betydelse för hur föreläsningarna uppfattas och används av studenterna. Hur studenterna motiverar sitt handlande beror på vem som uppfattas som social aktör både före, under och efter föreläsningarna; hur interaktionsordningen ser ut har betydelse för utfallet av antal studenter som deltar på föreläsningarna; hur en diskurs presenteras har betydelse för hur studenterna motiverar sitt handlande under föreläsningen; förväntningar på förutsättningar och förkunskaper ser olika ut hos språkinstitutionen och studenterna: de yngre studenterna relaterar positivt sina akademiska erfarenheter till läroplanen Gy 2011, språkinstitutionen signalerar brist i förutsättningar och förkunskaper relaterade till Gy 2011; föreläsningarna har höjt eller aktualiserat studenternas medvetande om den akademiska diskursen, och slutligen konstateras att studenternas tidigare akademiska erfarenhet inte har någon större inverkan på utfallet av föreläsningarna. 

Implementação de certificação ambiental Better Sugarcane Initiative-Bonsucro: estudo de caso no setor sucroenergético

O setor sucroenergético desempenha papel cada vez mais importante no contexto econômico brasileiro. A eficiência das empresas atuantes nesse setor passa obrigatoriamente por questões ligadas à sustentabilidade das ações desenvolvidas em seu processo produtivo, o que pode ser alavancado a partir de certificações ambientais alcançadas pelas empresas. Assim, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a aplicação de alguns dos principais princípios, critérios e indicadores para o atendimento do padrão BSI-Bonsucro de certificação. Para tanto, este estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa foi executado por meio de estudo de caso único na empresa ALPHA, selecionada em função de sua expressiva relevância no setor sucroenergético brasileiro. A pesquisa documental teve como principal foco o Relatório de Sustentabilidade da empresa analisada, elaborado a partir do padrão Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Como resultados observou-se que, dos seis critérios compreendidos em três dos cinco princípios selecionados para estudo, somente o critério referente ao nível máximo de dióxido de carbono emitido por tonelada de cana-de-açúcar, ainda carece de ações de melhoria para o efetivo cumprimento do que versa a certificação BSI-Bonsucro. Assim, o presente estudo demonstrou ser viável que empresas que atuam no setor analisado passem a pautar suas ações operacionais a partir da observância dos princípios, critérios e indicadores presentes na certificação BSI Bonsucro. A adoção de tal posicionamento pode possibilitar às empresas atingirem melhores resultados a partir de estratégias voltadas ao atendimento das demandas relacionadas à sustentabilidade do negócio.

Ambient Air Pollution and Lung Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Prevalence of mixed neuropathologies in autopsied older adults and associations with clinical disease progression

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Comparing Patient-Centered Medical Home Implementation in Urban and Rural VHA Clinics: Results from the Patient Aligned Care Team (PACT) Initiative

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Modeling Depression Progression Dynamics from Electronic Health Record

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Depression Management Using Electronic Health Record: Individual Progression Prediction

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

Punctuated equilibrium and linear progression: Toward a new understanding of group development

This study proposes gaining a new understanding of group development by considering the integrative and the punctuated equilibrium models of group development as complementary rather than competing. We hypothesized that we would observe both punctuated equilibrium and linear progression in content-analyzed data from 25 simulated project teams, albeit on different dimensions. We predicted changes in time awareness and in task and pacing activity in line with the punctuated equilibrium model and changes in structure and process on task and socioemotional dimensions in line with the integrative model. Results partially supported predictions for both models.

Tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma: Relationship with tumor stroma and parenchymal disease

Background: Encapsulation in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with decreased invasiveness and improved survival in several series. Although active fibrogenesis by myofibroblasts has been demonstrated in the capsule, it is unclear if the capsule results from a general increase in peritumoral fibrosis, or an inherently less invasive tumor phenotype. The relationship between collagen deposition within tumor stroma, presence of cirrhosis and invasiveness also needs clarification. Methods: We performed immunohistochemistry for collagens I, III, IV and VI on sections of encapsulated and non-encapsulated hepatocellular carcinoma, arising in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic livers. Staining was graded semi-quantitatively in tumor stromal elements and adjacent parenchymal sinusoids. The relationship of this staining with encapsulation, cirrhosis, and vascular invasion was analyzed. Results: Formation of a discrete capsular layer was associated with reduced vascular invasion, but not with a pervasive increase in peritumoral fibrosis. Increased collagen I content of tumor stroma and adjacent parenchymal sinusoids was associated with non-encapsulated tumors and vascular invasion. The presence of cirrhosis had little effect on capsule composition. Conclusions: Encapsulation of hepatocellular carcinoma reflects reduced invasiveness, rather than increased peritumoral collagen synthesis, which may instead enhance invasion. Increased intratumoral collagen I protein is also associated with increased tumor invasiveness. Pre-existing cirrhosis has little effect on tumor progression, possibly because the characteristics of cirrhosis are overwhelmed by tumor-induced changes in the adjacent parenchyma.(C) 2003 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.

Leukaemia inhibitory factor retards the progression of atherosclerosis

Objective: Our previous studies showed that the pleiotropic cytokine leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) inhibits the de novo formation of experimental atherosclerotic lesions. The present study examined whether LIF also inhibits progression of pre-existing atheroma. Methods: Balloon angioplasty was performed on the right carotid arteries of 18 rabbits immediately before placing animals on a cholesterol-enriched diet. After 4 weeks, at which time the intima:media ratio (IN) was 0.99+/-0.12 (n=6), osmotic minipumps containing LIF (n=6) or saline control n=6) were inserted into the peritoneal cavity of each of the remaining rabbits for a further 4 weeks. Arteries were then harvested for analysis. Results: Continuous administration of LIF for the final 4 weeks of an 8-week cholesterol-enriched diet completely inhibited lesion progression in injured carotid arteries (I:M 1.05+/-0.16) compared with the saline-treated group at 8 weeks (1.62+/-0.13; P

Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative

Objective To improve the accuracy and completeness of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy, to allow readers to assess the potential for bias in a study, and to evaluate a study's generalisability. Methods The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) steering committee searched the literature to identify publications on the appropriate conduct and reporting of diagnostic studies and extracted potential items into an extensive list. Researchers, editors, and members of professional organisations shortened this list during a two day consensus meeting, with the goal of developing a checklist and a generic flow diagram for studies of diagnostic accuracy. Results The search for published guidelines about diagnostic research yielded 33 previously published checklists, from which we extracted a list of 75 potential items. At the consensus meeting, participants shortened the list to a 25 item checklist, by using evidence, whenever available. A prototype of a flow diagram provides information about the method of patient recruitment, the order of test execution, and the numbers of patients undergoing the test under evaluation and the reference standard, or both. Conclusions Evaluation of research depends on complete and accurate reporting. If medical journals adopt the STARD checklist and flow diagram, the quality of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy should improve to the advantage of clinicians, researchers, reviewers, journals, and the public.

OMERACT-OARSI Initiative: Osteoarthritis Research Society International set of responder criteria for osteoarthritis clinical trials revisited.

Background: The OARSI Standing Committee for Clinical Trials Response Criteria Initiative had developed two sets of responder criteria to present the results of changes after treatment in three symptomatic domains (pain, function, and patient's global assessment) as a single variable for clinical trials (1). For each domain, a response was defined by both a relative and an absolute change, with different cut-offs with regard to the drug, the route of administration and the OA localization. Objective: To propose a simplified set of responder criteria with a similar cut-off, whatever the drug, the route or the OA localization. Methods: Data driven approach: (1) Two databases were considered The 'elaboration' database with which the formal OARSI sets of responder criteria were elaborated and The 'revisit' database. (2) Six different scenarios were evaluated: The two formal OARSI sets of criteria Four proposed scenarios of simplified sets of criteria Data from clinical randomized blinded placebo controlled trials were used to evaluate the performances of the two formal scenarios with two different databases ('elaboration' versus 'revisit') and those of the four proposed simplified scenarios within the 'revisit' database. The placebo effect, active effect, treatment effect, and the required sample arm size to obtain the placebo effect and the active treatment effect observed were the performances evaluated for each of the six scenarios. Experts' opinion approach: Results were discussed among the participants of the OMERACT VI meeting, who voted to select the definite OMERACT-OARSI set of criteria (one of the six evaluated scenarios). Results: Data driven approach: Fourteen trials totaling 1886 CA patients and fifteen studies involving 8164 CA patients were evaluated in the 'elaboration' and the 'revisit' databases respectively. The variability of the performances observed in the 'revisit' database when using the different simplified scenarios was similar to that observed between the two databases ('elaboration' versus 'revisit') when using the formal scenarios. The treatment effect and the required sample arm size were similar for each set of criteria. Experts' opinion approach: According to the experts, these two previous performances were the most important of an optimal set of responder criteria. They chose the set of criteria considering both pain and function as evaluation domain and requiring an absolute change and a relative change from baseline to define a response, with similar cut-offs whatever the drug, the route of administration or the CA localization. Conclusion: This data driven and experts' opinion approach is the basis for proposing an optimal simplified set of responder criteria for CA clinical trials. Other studies, using other sets of CA patients, are required in order to further validate this proposed OMERACT - OARSI set of criteria. (C) 2004 OsteoArthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.