A new model of thermocapillary convection in floating half zone

A new model of thermocapillary convection in floating half zone was suggested in the present paper. The liquid bridge floats between two co-axis rods, the lower rod consists of metal with constant temperature and the upper rod consists of thermal insulating materials, where the normal gradient of temperature is nearly zero. In this case, the new model is relatively closer to simulate a half part of floating full zone in microgravity environment in comparison with the usual model of floating half zone. Basic features of the new model were studied by both numerical simulation and experiments, and the comparisons with the usual model were also discussed.

Weak Zone Related Seismic Cycles in Progressive Failure Leading to Collapse in Brittle Crust

Until quite recently our understanding of the basic mechanical process responsible for earthquakes and faulting was not well known. It can be argued that this was partly a consequence of the complex nature of fracture in crust and in part because evidence of brittle phenomena in the natural laboratory of the earth is often obliterated or obscured by other geological processes. While it is well understood that the spatial and temporal complexity of earthquakes and the fault structures emerge from geometrical and material built-in heterogeneities, one important open question is how the shearing becomes localized into a band of intense fractures. Here the authors address these questions through a numerical approach of a tectonic plate by considering rockmass heterogeneity both in microscopic scale and in mesoscopic scale. Numerical simulations of the progressive failure leading to collapse under long-range slow driving forces in the far-field show earthquake-like rupture behavior. $En Echelon$ crack-arrays are reproduced in the numerical simulation. It is demonstrated that the underlying fracturing induced acoustic emissions (or seismic events) display self-organized criticality------from disorder to order. The seismic cycles and the geometric structures of the fracture faces, which are found greatly depending on the material heterogeneity (especially on the macroscopic scale), agree with that observed experimentally in real brittle materials. It is concluded that in order to predict a main shock, one must have extremely detailed knowledge on very minor features of the earth's crust far from the place where the earthquake originated. If correct, the model proposed here seemingly provides an explanation as to why earthquakes to date are not predicted so successfully. The reason is not that the authors do not understand earthquake mechanisms very well but that they still know little about our earth's crust.

加卸载响应比的数值模拟

用数值模型来模拟和验证加卸载响应比理论。编制非均匀各向异性材料宏细观损伤破坏程度，模拟固体材料在损伤破坏时的加卸载过程，证实了加卸载响应比理论的正确性。结果表明，ＬＵＲＲ这一反映地球介质临近破坏的指标，也可以用来预测材料的破坏。

Optimization of dynamic properties and link performance for directly-modulated gain-coupled DFB lasers

This paper demonstrates the respective roles that combined gain- and index-coupling play in the dynamic properties and overall link performance of DFB lasers. It is shown that for datacommunication applications, modest gain-coupling enables optimum transmission at 10Gbit/s.

Oscillatory Instabilities of Two-Layer Rayleigh-Marangoni-Benard Convection

The Rayleigh–Marangoni–Bénard convective instability (R–M–B instability) in the two-layer systems such as Silicone oil (10cSt)/Fluorinert (FC70) and Silicone oil (2cSt)/water liquids are studied. Both linear instability analysis and nonlinear instability analysis (2D numerical simulation) were performed to study the influence of thermocapillary force on the convective instability of the two-layer system. The results show the strong effects of thermocapillary force at the interface on the time-dependent oscillations at the onset of instability convection. The secondary instability phenomenon found in the real two-layer system of Silicone oil over water could explain the difference in the comparison of the Degen’s experimental observation with the previous linear stability analysis results of Renardy et al.

油水分离技术研究之一--直管和螺旋管的数值模拟

本文采用数值模拟的方法研究油水混合物在直管和螺旋管中的流动状况.计算采用Euler-Euler法和Euler模型:支配油水分离两相流动的基本方程包括连续方程和动量方程,湍流模型采用多相流中混合型k-ε模式,基本方程的离散和求解采用SIMPLE算法.利用Fluent软件,以直管和螺旋管为例进行了计算,获得了初步计算结果.计算表明,本文所用方法可以较好地模拟直管中油水在重力作用下的分离,以及螺旋分离器中油水在重力和离心力共同作用下的分离现象.并可为实验研究提供参考。

The inner Pressure of the Atoms in a Solid in Refined TFD Theory

The relation between the inner pressure of an atom in a solid and the density of energy of electrons under Refined TFD theory is given.

Two Bifurcation Transition Processes in Floating Half Zone Convection of Larger Prandtl Number Fluid

Processes of the onset oscillation in the thermocapillaxy convection under the Earth's gravity are investigated by the numerical simulation and experiments in a floating half zone of large Prandtl number with different volume ratio. Both computational and experimental results show that the steady and axisymmetric convection turns to the oscillatory convection of m=1 for the slender liquid bridge, and to the oscillatory convection before a steady and 3D asymmetric state for the case of a fat liquid bridge. It implies that, there are two critical Marangoni numbers related, respectively, to these two bifurcation transitions for the fat liquid bridge. The computational results agree with the results of ground-based experiments.

Onset of Adiabatic Shear Instability in Strain Gradient Dependent Metal Matrix Composites

In this paper, effect of strain gradient on adiabatic shear instability in particle reinforced metal matrix composites is investigated by making use of the strain gradient dependent constitutive equation developed by Dai et al. [9] and the linear perturbation analysis presented by Bai [10]. The results have shown that the onset of adiabatic shear instability in metal matrix composites reinforced with small particles is more prone to occur than in the composites reinforced with large particles. This means that the strain gradient provides a strong deriving force for onset of adiabatic shear instability in metal matrix composites.

Low-Dimensional Dynamical Systems for a Wake-Type Shear Flow with Vortex Dislocations

Low-dimensional systems are constructed to investigate dynamics of vortex dislocations in a wake-type shear flow. High-resolution direct numerical simulations are employed to obtain flow snapshots from which the most energetic modes are extracted using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). The first 10 modes are classified into two groups. One represents the general characteristics of two-dimensional wake-type shear flow, and the other is related to the three-dimensional properties or non-uniform characteristics along the span. Vortex dislocations are generated by these two kinds of coherent structures. The results from the first 20 three-dimensional POD modes show that the low- dimensional systems have captured the basic properties of the wake-type shear flow with vortex dislocation, such as two incommensurable frequencies and their beat frequency.

气相爆轰基元反应模型数值模拟

采用基元反应模型和高精度的ENO格式对气相爆轰进行数值研究，对H2／O2／Ar混合气体起爆和爆轰波传播过程的数值模拟结果表明，计算的爆轰波阵面参数和实验相当符合。数值研究的结果还表明，爆轰波反应区中参与反应的不同组分具有不同类型的变化特征。计算结果的精度随着网格尺寸增加而增加，并能保持较好的收敛性。

The Influence of Strain Gradient on the shear Band in a Saturated Soil

The dynamic localization of saturated soil is investigated by considering the influence of higher strain gradient. It is shown that the strain gradient has a significant influence on the evolution of shear band in saturated soil and that the width of shear band is proportional to the square root of the strain gradient softening coefficient. The numerical simulation is processed to investigate the influences of shear strain gradient and other factors on the evolution of shear band.

Size Effects in Micro-bending Deformation of MEMS Devices Based on the Discrete Dislocation Theory

In the present research, the discrete dislocation theory is used to analyze the size effect phenomena for the MEMS devices undergoing micro-bending load. A consistent result with the experimental one in literature is obtained. In order to check the effectiveness to use the discrete dislocation theory in predicting the size effect, both the basic version theory and the updated one are adopted simultaneously. The normalized stress-strain relations of the material are obtained for different plate thickness or for different obstacle density. The prediction results are compared with experimental results.

Influence of Indenter Tip Roundness on Hardness Behavior in Nanoindentation

In this paper. the effect of indenter tip roundness on hardness behavior for two typical elastic perfectly plastic materials is studied by means of finite element simulation. A rigid conical indenter of semi apex angle 70.3 degrees fitted smoothly with a spherical tip is employed. It is shown that as the indentation depth increases hardness first rises from zero, reaches a maximum and then decreases slowly approaching asymptotically the limiting value equal to that due to a conical indenter of ideally sharp tip. The range within which hardness varies appreciably is comparable to the radius of the indenter tip. The difference between the maximum value and the limiting value depends on the yield stress over the Young's modulus ratio. The smaller this ratio the greater the difference is. Numerical simulation also provides an opportunity for checking the accuracy and limitations of the widely used Oliver-Pharr method.

脉冲激光表面强化数值模拟及热物性参量影响

建立了包含脉冲激光束时空分布、依赖于温度的材料参量、组织演化历史以及多次相变特征在内的脉冲激光表面强化三维有限元模型。针对常热物性和变热物性并考虑相变潜热两种情况，温度场及其演化分别得到了解析解和通用有限元软件的验证，强化区层深和宽度得到了实验验证。研究了材料热物性对强化区的影响，得到了一定范围内强化区层深随材料热物性参量的变化规律，即：热传导系数不变时，强化区层深随热扩散率的增加而增加；比热容不变时，强化区层深随热扩散率的增加而减小；热扩散率一定时，强化区层深随热传导系数和比热容的增加而降低。以球铁、共析钢和巾碳钢为例，分析了两种确定材料热物性常数方法，即一定温度范围内的平均值法和选取奥氏体化温度附近参量方法的可行性，研究表明平均值法可以得到较好的结果。